TOPIC : Types of fire extinguishers & critical hazards management SUBJECT : Hazards and management system

1. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS &
CRITICAL HAZARDS MANAGEMENT
PRESENTED BY: YASH R. MENGHANI
M. PHARM (SEMESTER II)
(QUALITY ASSURANCE DEPARTMENT)
SMT. KISHORITAI BHOYAR COLLEGE OF PHARMACY, KAMPTEE
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2. CONTENTS:
 What is fire
 Types of Fire
 Causes of fire
 Fire extinguisher
 Types of Fire extinguisher
 Fire hazard management system
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3. WHAT IS FIRE?
• Fire is basically a chemical reaction combining three elements:
Fuel, Heat and Oxygen.
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FIRE TRAINGLE

4. TYPES OF FIRE:
• Class A – Fires Involving Normal Combustibles
(eg,Wood,Paper,Cloth,Rubber)
• Class B – Fires Involving Flammable Liquids
(eg.Petrol,Diesel,oils)
• Class C – Fires Involving Electrical Circuits, switchboards,
office equipment
• Class D – Fires Involving Combustible Metals such as
sodium, potassium and magnesium.
• Class K – Fires Involving Cooking fats and oils
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6. CAUSES OF FIRE:
• Common Causes Are:
• Spark from oven
• Naked lamp
• Electric short circuit
• Fire Works
• Open flames
• Exposed to Sun
• Misfiring of engine
• Over-heating of electric appliances
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7. • CAUSES OF FIRE IN INDUSTRIES:
• Smoking (Ciggarettes, Use of Lighters)
• Poor Maintainence
• Electrical defects
• Chemical reaction
• Equipment that generates Excess Heat
• Electrical Systems That are Overloaded
• Improper training regarding safety aspects
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8. FIRE EXTINGUISHER:
• A fire extinguisher can emit a solid,
liquid, or a gas, depending on the
class of the fire.
• Fire extinguishers are designed
specially for these different classes
of fires. Often times because of
chemical reactions within the fire
more then one type of extinguisher
is effective.
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9. TYPES OF FIRE EXTINGUISHERS:
1. Water and Foam Extinguishers
2. Dry Powder Extinguishers
3. CO2 extinguishers
4. Wet Chemical Extinguishers
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10. WATER AND FOAM EXTINGUISHERS:
• Water and Foam fire extinguishers extinguish the fire by
taking away the heat element of the fire triangle. Foam
agents also separate the oxygen element from the other
elements.
• Water extinguishers are for Class A fires only. They should not
be used on Class B or C fires.
• This extinguishers can deal with fire that involves solid
combustibles like Paper,Wood,And Textiles.
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11. DRY POWDER EXTINGUISHERS:
• Dry Powder extinguishers are similar to dry chemical
except that they extinguish the fire by separating the
fuel from the oxygen element or by removing the
heat element of the fire triangle.
• However, dry powder extinguishers are for Class D or
combustible metal fires, only. They are ineffective on
all other classes of fires.
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12. CO2 EXTINGUISHERS:
• Carbon Dioxide fire extinguishers extinguish fire by
taking away the oxygen element of the fire triangle and
also be removing the heat with a very cold discharge.
• Carbon dioxide can be used on Class B & C fires. They
are usually ineffective on Class A fires.
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13. WET CHEMICAL EXTINGUISHERS:
• Wet Chemical is a new agent that extinguishes the fire
by removing the heat of the fire triangle.
• Wet chemical Fire extinguishers contains the solution
of Potassium which effectively attacks the flame.
• These are specialists in extinguish the fires caused by
Fats and oils.
• Some may also be used on Class A fires in commercial
kitchens.
• Wet chemical extinguishers are ideal for Restaurants
and Kitchens.
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15. FIRE HAZARD MANAGEMENT SYSTEM:
DO’s :
• Call the fire department.
• Meet at the preassigned meeting place.
• Make sure that all persons have safely escaped.
• When the fire department arrives, inform a firefighter if anyone
is missing; do not reenter the building yourself.
• Regularly check electrical equipment
• Maintain proper fire safety equipment
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16. AIR-CONDITIONING AND VENTILATING
SYSTEMS:
• Air-conditioning and ventilating systems shall be so installed
and maintained as to minimize the danger of spread of fire,
smoke or fumes from one floor to other or from outside to
any occupied building or structure.
• Air-conditioning and ventilating systems circulating air to
more than one floor or fire area shall be provided with
dampers designed to close automatically in case of fire and
thereby preventing spread of fire or smoke
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17. LIFE SAFETY:
• Every exit, exit access or exit discharge shall be continuously
maintained free of all obstructions to full use in the case of fire or
other emergency.
• Exits shall be clearly visible and the route to reach the exits shall
be clearly marked and signs posted to guide the occupants of the
floor concerned.
• Fire lifts shall be provided with a minimum capacity for 8
passengers and fully automated with emergency switch on
ground level.
• Each fire lift shall be equipped with suitable intercommunication
equipment for communicating with the control room on the
ground floor of the building.
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20. THANK YOU !
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