When the amount in respect of a liability or expected loss is not certain, an estimated amount is set aside by debiting the Profit and Loss Account. The amount so set aside is known as a Provision.
How to-solve-difficult-adjustments-and-journal-entries-in-financial-accounts-...Kunal Singh
This document provides explanations and examples of accounting journal entries for various financial transactions including adjustments. It discusses entries for bad debts, provision for doubtful debts, rent and rent outstanding, income tax payments, indirect taxes, cash withdrawals, asset purchases and sales, expenses, revenues, and other common accounting topics. The document emphasizes applying the rules of double-entry accounting and selecting the appropriate debit and credit accounts based on whether an item is related to a personal, real, or nominal account.
The Trial Balance is a statement of ledger account balances as on a particular date (instance).
Final Accounting is done towards the end of the accounting period.
The trial balance that we consider in the preparation of final accounts is the one that is prepared towards the end of the accounting period i.e. on the last day of the accounting period.
There might be a number of accounting transactions which might not have been taken into consideration by the time the Trial Balance has been prepared.
The transactions which have not yet been journalized, appended to the trial balance are what we call adjustments.
Any irrecoverable portion of sundry debtors is termed as bad debts. Bad debt is a loss to the business. If it is given in the Trial balance, it should be shown on the debit side of Profit & Loss Account. Bad debts given in the adjustment is to be deducted from sundry debtors in the Balance Sheet and the same is debited to the Profit & Loss Account.
The document provides guidance on how to prepare a cash flow statement. It explains that a cash flow statement shows the inflow and outflow of cash from operating, investing, and financing activities. It discusses identifying cash sources and uses, classifying transactions, and preparing the statement using direct and indirect methods. The key is to distinguish between cash and accrual-based transactions and analyze changes in balance sheet accounts to determine the impact on cash flow.
This document outlines various accounting adjustments that may be needed when preparing final accounts, including the first and second effects of each adjustment. Some key adjustments include closing stock, which credits trading and assets the balance sheet; outstanding expenses, which debits trading/profit & loss and liabilities the balance sheet; and depreciation, which debits profit & loss and assets the balance sheet by deducting from the asset value.
The document discusses various adjustments that need to be made at the end of the accounting period before preparing the final accounts. These include adjustments for prepaid expenses, outstanding expenses, unearned revenue, accrued income, provisions for doubtful debts and discounts, depreciation, goods distributed as free samples, and loss from fire. The adjustments involve debiting/crediting relevant accounts in the trading, profit and loss accounts and reclassifying related balances in the balance sheet.
The document presents a format for preparing a cash flow statement according to Accounting Standard 3 (Revised). It includes sections for cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow from operating activities involves calculating cash generated or used by adjusting net profits for non-cash/non-operating items and changes in working capital. Cash flow from investing tracks cash from the sale and purchase of fixed/intangible assets and investments. Cash flow from financing includes cash from issuing/repaying debt and paying dividends. Worked examples are provided to illustrate how to prepare a cash flow statement using the direct and indirect methods.
This Drawing Competition was a hit show grabbing the attention of 5K people with a participation of 17 schools, like
Lord Jesus Public School, Our Lady of Fatima Convent School,
DPS, DAV, to name a few!
The excitement was reflected from their faces, and the proud
parents were so happy to see the artwork of their talented minds.
The document lists the key fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution including right to equality, freedom from discrimination, right to life, liberty and personal security, freedom from slavery, torture and degrading treatment, and right to recognition and equality before the law. It also provides several social media links and the blog of Vidya Bharti, an educational organization based in India.
How to-solve-difficult-adjustments-and-journal-entries-in-financial-accounts-...Kunal Singh
This document provides explanations and examples of accounting journal entries for various financial transactions including adjustments. It discusses entries for bad debts, provision for doubtful debts, rent and rent outstanding, income tax payments, indirect taxes, cash withdrawals, asset purchases and sales, expenses, revenues, and other common accounting topics. The document emphasizes applying the rules of double-entry accounting and selecting the appropriate debit and credit accounts based on whether an item is related to a personal, real, or nominal account.
The Trial Balance is a statement of ledger account balances as on a particular date (instance).
Final Accounting is done towards the end of the accounting period.
The trial balance that we consider in the preparation of final accounts is the one that is prepared towards the end of the accounting period i.e. on the last day of the accounting period.
There might be a number of accounting transactions which might not have been taken into consideration by the time the Trial Balance has been prepared.
The transactions which have not yet been journalized, appended to the trial balance are what we call adjustments.
Any irrecoverable portion of sundry debtors is termed as bad debts. Bad debt is a loss to the business. If it is given in the Trial balance, it should be shown on the debit side of Profit & Loss Account. Bad debts given in the adjustment is to be deducted from sundry debtors in the Balance Sheet and the same is debited to the Profit & Loss Account.
The document provides guidance on how to prepare a cash flow statement. It explains that a cash flow statement shows the inflow and outflow of cash from operating, investing, and financing activities. It discusses identifying cash sources and uses, classifying transactions, and preparing the statement using direct and indirect methods. The key is to distinguish between cash and accrual-based transactions and analyze changes in balance sheet accounts to determine the impact on cash flow.
This document outlines various accounting adjustments that may be needed when preparing final accounts, including the first and second effects of each adjustment. Some key adjustments include closing stock, which credits trading and assets the balance sheet; outstanding expenses, which debits trading/profit & loss and liabilities the balance sheet; and depreciation, which debits profit & loss and assets the balance sheet by deducting from the asset value.
The document discusses various adjustments that need to be made at the end of the accounting period before preparing the final accounts. These include adjustments for prepaid expenses, outstanding expenses, unearned revenue, accrued income, provisions for doubtful debts and discounts, depreciation, goods distributed as free samples, and loss from fire. The adjustments involve debiting/crediting relevant accounts in the trading, profit and loss accounts and reclassifying related balances in the balance sheet.
The document presents a format for preparing a cash flow statement according to Accounting Standard 3 (Revised). It includes sections for cash flow from operating, investing and financing activities. Cash flow from operating activities involves calculating cash generated or used by adjusting net profits for non-cash/non-operating items and changes in working capital. Cash flow from investing tracks cash from the sale and purchase of fixed/intangible assets and investments. Cash flow from financing includes cash from issuing/repaying debt and paying dividends. Worked examples are provided to illustrate how to prepare a cash flow statement using the direct and indirect methods.
This Drawing Competition was a hit show grabbing the attention of 5K people with a participation of 17 schools, like
Lord Jesus Public School, Our Lady of Fatima Convent School,
DPS, DAV, to name a few!
The excitement was reflected from their faces, and the proud
parents were so happy to see the artwork of their talented minds.
The document lists the key fundamental rights guaranteed by the Indian constitution including right to equality, freedom from discrimination, right to life, liberty and personal security, freedom from slavery, torture and degrading treatment, and right to recognition and equality before the law. It also provides several social media links and the blog of Vidya Bharti, an educational organization based in India.
On this unforgettable occasion of Gandhi Jayanti, Let's spare our few minutes for a great leader and freedom fighter of India.
It wouldn't have been possible without him. A big big thankyou from all of you for him.
Alcoholism is a chronic disease where a person is addicted to and dependent on alcohol, developing a high tolerance and experiencing extreme withdrawals without it. It is also known as alcohol dependence syndrome or alcohol use disorder.
Crime, criminal, criminology and juvenile delinquency. latestVidya Bharti
A criminal is defined as someone who breaks the law, such as through murder, theft, or tax evasion. The document discusses key concepts related to crime, criminals, criminology, and juvenile delinquency. It asks who is considered a criminal and provides examples of types of criminal acts.
An ideal teacher should be a good teacher who can attract students' attention and teach any topic in a way that students can easily understand it. To do so effectively, an ideal teacher must have vast and deep knowledge themselves. They must also be able to remove students' fear of learning and turn them into knowledgeable individuals who can live a refined and higher quality life.
Illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, and population growth are issues discussed in the document. These socioeconomic problems can negatively impact a population if not addressed properly. The brief document seems to list out some key challenges faced by a community without providing further details or context about the issues.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The Green Revolution in India focused mainly on food grains and saw the best results in the states of Punjab and Haryana. However, it failed to extend high-yield seeds to all crops and regions across India, remaining largely confined to food grains and showing less impressive results in other parts of the country outside of key areas like West Bengal.
National development refers to the ability of a nation to improve the lives of its citizens. Measures of improvement may be material, such as an increase in the gross domestic product, or social, such as literacy rates and availability of healthcare.
This document discusses three issues: child abuse, which can include neglect, physical, sexual, emotional or psychological harm caused by caregivers; child labour, defined as employment that deprives children of their childhood or education and is dangerous or harmful; and violence against women, defined by the UN as any gender-based act that causes physical, sexual or mental harm.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
This document discusses Java applets, including their hierarchy as a type of component, their life cycle of being born, running, stopped, and destroyed, and their merits of being able to be embedded in web pages but also their limitations of strict security compared to standalone applications. It also briefly mentions the introduction, comparison to applications, and conclusion regarding applets.
The electromagnetic spectrum includes all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio waves. Visible light comes from lamps and radio waves come from radio stations. The law of reflection explains that an incident ray of light, the normal line of a mirror surface, and the reflected ray of light are all in the same plane, and the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
The document provides instructions for transplanting a tree, including digging a trench around the tree's drip line and separating the roots from the soil while preserving smaller roots. The root ball should be wrapped if transporting the tree over a long distance before placing it in a new hole and stabilizing it with ropes if needed. Proper watering is verified by checking the soil moisture a few inches down next to the tree.
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcripttscdzuip
办理美国UNCC毕业证书制作北卡大学夏洛特分校假文凭定制Q微168899991做UNCC留信网教留服认证海牙认证改UNCC成绩单GPA做UNCC假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证GRE代考如何申请北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
Optimizing Net Interest Margin (NIM) in the Financial Sector (With Examples).pdfshruti1menon2
NIM is calculated as the difference between interest income earned and interest expenses paid, divided by interest-earning assets.
Importance: NIM serves as a critical measure of a financial institution's profitability and operational efficiency. It reflects how effectively the institution is utilizing its interest-earning assets to generate income while managing interest costs.
On this unforgettable occasion of Gandhi Jayanti, Let's spare our few minutes for a great leader and freedom fighter of India.
It wouldn't have been possible without him. A big big thankyou from all of you for him.
Alcoholism is a chronic disease where a person is addicted to and dependent on alcohol, developing a high tolerance and experiencing extreme withdrawals without it. It is also known as alcohol dependence syndrome or alcohol use disorder.
Crime, criminal, criminology and juvenile delinquency. latestVidya Bharti
A criminal is defined as someone who breaks the law, such as through murder, theft, or tax evasion. The document discusses key concepts related to crime, criminals, criminology, and juvenile delinquency. It asks who is considered a criminal and provides examples of types of criminal acts.
An ideal teacher should be a good teacher who can attract students' attention and teach any topic in a way that students can easily understand it. To do so effectively, an ideal teacher must have vast and deep knowledge themselves. They must also be able to remove students' fear of learning and turn them into knowledgeable individuals who can live a refined and higher quality life.
Illiteracy, poverty, unemployment, and population growth are issues discussed in the document. These socioeconomic problems can negatively impact a population if not addressed properly. The brief document seems to list out some key challenges faced by a community without providing further details or context about the issues.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The Green Revolution in India focused mainly on food grains and saw the best results in the states of Punjab and Haryana. However, it failed to extend high-yield seeds to all crops and regions across India, remaining largely confined to food grains and showing less impressive results in other parts of the country outside of key areas like West Bengal.
National development refers to the ability of a nation to improve the lives of its citizens. Measures of improvement may be material, such as an increase in the gross domestic product, or social, such as literacy rates and availability of healthcare.
This document discusses three issues: child abuse, which can include neglect, physical, sexual, emotional or psychological harm caused by caregivers; child labour, defined as employment that deprives children of their childhood or education and is dangerous or harmful; and violence against women, defined by the UN as any gender-based act that causes physical, sexual or mental harm.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
This document discusses Java applets, including their hierarchy as a type of component, their life cycle of being born, running, stopped, and destroyed, and their merits of being able to be embedded in web pages but also their limitations of strict security compared to standalone applications. It also briefly mentions the introduction, comparison to applications, and conclusion regarding applets.
The electromagnetic spectrum includes all types of electromagnetic radiation, including visible light and radio waves. Visible light comes from lamps and radio waves come from radio stations. The law of reflection explains that an incident ray of light, the normal line of a mirror surface, and the reflected ray of light are all in the same plane, and the angle of reflection is equal to the angle of incidence.
The document provides instructions for transplanting a tree, including digging a trench around the tree's drip line and separating the roots from the soil while preserving smaller roots. The root ball should be wrapped if transporting the tree over a long distance before placing it in a new hole and stabilizing it with ropes if needed. Proper watering is verified by checking the soil moisture a few inches down next to the tree.
University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcripttscdzuip
办理美国UNCC毕业证书制作北卡大学夏洛特分校假文凭定制Q微168899991做UNCC留信网教留服认证海牙认证改UNCC成绩单GPA做UNCC假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证GRE代考如何申请北卡罗莱纳大学夏洛特分校University of North Carolina at Charlotte degree offer diploma Transcript
Optimizing Net Interest Margin (NIM) in the Financial Sector (With Examples).pdfshruti1menon2
NIM is calculated as the difference between interest income earned and interest expenses paid, divided by interest-earning assets.
Importance: NIM serves as a critical measure of a financial institution's profitability and operational efficiency. It reflects how effectively the institution is utilizing its interest-earning assets to generate income while managing interest costs.
OJP data from firms like Vicinity Jobs have emerged as a complement to traditional sources of labour demand data, such as the Job Vacancy and Wages Survey (JVWS). Ibrahim Abuallail, PhD Candidate, University of Ottawa, presented research relating to bias in OJPs and a proposed approach to effectively adjust OJP data to complement existing official data (such as from the JVWS) and improve the measurement of labour demand.
Independent Study - College of Wooster Research (2023-2024) FDI, Culture, Glo...AntoniaOwensDetwiler
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
"Does Foreign Direct Investment Negatively Affect Preservation of Culture in the Global South? Case Studies in Thailand and Cambodia."
Do elements of globalization, such as Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), negatively affect the ability of countries in the Global South to preserve their culture? This research aims to answer this question by employing a cross-sectional comparative case study analysis utilizing methods of difference. Thailand and Cambodia are compared as they are in the same region and have a similar culture. The metric of difference between Thailand and Cambodia is their ability to preserve their culture. This ability is operationalized by their respective attitudes towards FDI; Thailand imposes stringent regulations and limitations on FDI while Cambodia does not hesitate to accept most FDI and imposes fewer limitations. The evidence from this study suggests that FDI from globally influential countries with high gross domestic products (GDPs) (e.g. China, U.S.) challenges the ability of countries with lower GDPs (e.g. Cambodia) to protect their culture. Furthermore, the ability, or lack thereof, of the receiving countries to protect their culture is amplified by the existence and implementation of restrictive FDI policies imposed by their governments.
My study abroad in Bali, Indonesia, inspired this research topic as I noticed how globalization is changing the culture of its people. I learned their language and way of life which helped me understand the beauty and importance of cultural preservation. I believe we could all benefit from learning new perspectives as they could help us ideate solutions to contemporary issues and empathize with others.
In a tight labour market, job-seekers gain bargaining power and leverage it into greater job quality—at least, that’s the conventional wisdom.
Michael, LMIC Economist, presented findings that reveal a weakened relationship between labour market tightness and job quality indicators following the pandemic. Labour market tightness coincided with growth in real wages for only a portion of workers: those in low-wage jobs requiring little education. Several factors—including labour market composition, worker and employer behaviour, and labour market practices—have contributed to the absence of worker benefits. These will be investigated further in future work.
South Dakota State University degree offer diploma Transcriptynfqplhm
办理美国SDSU毕业证书制作南达科他州立大学假文凭定制Q微168899991做SDSU留信网教留服认证海牙认证改SDSU成绩单GPA做SDSU假学位证假文凭高仿毕业证GRE代考如何申请南达科他州立大学South Dakota State University degree offer diploma Transcript
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