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2011 State of Sustainability
                                                       Report:
                                                       A Local Government
                                                       Perspective on Canada’s
                                                       Industrial Lands




Compiled March 2011 by Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd.                          www.ecoindustrial.ca    604‐737‐8506
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                              ii
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 
                                                                       




    We would like to thank Takt-Etik Consultants for their assistance in translating the survey
                          into French and distributing it within Québec.




The following copyright notice "Copyright 2011, Eco-Industrial
Solutions Ltd. All rights reserved." must be applied to any text or
graphic material referenced from this report.



© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                  iii
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




Letter From EIS                                   Industrial lands (also known as “employment lands”) are
                                                  essential to the continued growth of the Canadian economy.
                                                  Looking back over the ten years since Eco-Industrial Solutions
                                                  was founded, we have seen a dramatic shift towards
                                                  sustainability within municipal development and planning
                                                  processes. At the same time, we recognize that there is room
                                                  for improvement in the comprehensive tracking and monitoring
                                                  of sustainablilty in our industrial lands.
                                                  To better understand the current issues facing Canada’s
                                                  industrial lands, we decided to survey municipalities and
                                                  government authorities across the country. We clearly hit a
                                                  hot topic, as we received responses from 143 different
                                                  organizations during the brief survey period. The recent
                                                  recession combined with increasing pressure to meet
                                                  sustainability objectives has left many communities feeling
                                                  challenged to meet their economic, environmental, and social
                                                  objectives within their industrial lands.
                                                  But as we also found in the survey results and have seen with
                                                  our own clients, many communities have found creative and
                                                  progressive ways to ensure that their industrial lands continue
                                                  to provide meaningful jobs creation while being part of the
                                                  overall sustainable community.
                                                  We hope that this snapshot of Canada’s industrial lands will
                                                  spur knowledge transfer and benchmarking between Canadian
                                                  communities. We also hope that as we repeat this survey in
                                                  future years, we will see the issues change and we’ll hear
            Eco-Industrial Solutions              more and more success stories.
                        2001-2011:                Ultimately, it’s in all our interests to help Canada’s industrial
               Celebrating 10 years               lands continue to improve their competitiveness and meet
 of Global Eco-Industrial Leadership              sustainability objectives.


                                                  Sincerely,




                                                  Tracy Casavant
                                                  President & CEO, Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd.

                                                  Suite 501 - 318 Homer St
                                                  Vancouver, BC
                                                  Canada V6B 2V2

                                                  E: tracy@ecoindustrial.ca
                                                  T: 604.737.8506 ext 106
                                                  F: 604.648.8439



© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                     iv
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




                     This page intentionally blank to faciliate double-sided printing.




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                       v
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




Executive Summary

To better understand the current issues                        Addressing the Issues
facing Canada’s industrial lands, Eco-
Industrial Solutions Ltd. undertook a                          Clearly, addressing our infrastructure
nation-wide survey in February of 2011.                        deficit and supporting better land use
143 organizations from 10 provinces and                        planning are key to ensuring that
1 territory were represented in the survey.                    Canada’s industrial lands continue to be
                                                               competitive, generate jobs, and remain
                                                               community assets even as communities
Top 5 issues - existing industrial
                                                               strive to meet a growing list of
lands                                                          sustainability objectives. In turn, this will
                                                               support business retnetion and attraction.
1. Business retention/ attraction
2. Ecologically sensitive areas nearby or                      For existing lands, comprehensive
   within                                                      sustainability-driven revitalization /
                                                               retrofits can reduce demand for
3. Inefficient land use
                                                               infrastructure and impacts on nearby
4. Conflicting adjacent land uses                              lands. For existing and future industrial
                                                               lands, strong local government policy and
5. Inefficient water or sewer capacity
                                                               leadership is key. For the one-quarter of
                                                               respondents who own their future
Top 5 issues - future industrial                               industrial lands, they can lead by
lands                                                          developing those lands as eco-industrial
                                                               parks or similar.
1. Business attraction
2. Insufficient water/sewer capacity                           While many communities report some
                                                               progress, there is clearly much work to be
3. Ecologically sensitive areas within or                      done to ensure that Canada’s industrial
   nearby                                                      lands become part of a sustainable
4. Lack of Transportation Access (with                         community. ‘Soft’ investments are
   Traffic Congestion being a huge issue                       needed to develop appropriate policy and
   for urban and suburban respondents)                         support sustainability-driven revitalization
                                                               and business attraction / retention efforts,
5. Conflicting nearby land uses                                work which often requires outside
                                                               expertise to complete. ‘Hard’ investments
Top 5 new objectives in the next                               are needed to not just replace
two years:                                                     infrastructure, but replace it with
                                                               infrastructure that further helps
1. Upgrade water/sewer capacity                                businesses to operate more efficiently and
                                                               reduce their impact on the environment.
2. Encourage infill or intensification
3. Improve transportation access                               We hope that subsequent surveys show
                                                               that these investments are being made, or
4. Attract clean, ‘green’ business
                                                               Canada risks its industrial lands losing
5. Encourage green buildings                                   competitiveness and hampering national
                                                               efforts to achieve sustainable communities




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                              vi
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 
                                                                              




Table of Contents
                                                  Introduction

                                                  Part One: Participant Profile

                                                  Part Two: Current Status

                                                  Part Three: Future Plans

                                                  Part Four: Conclusion




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                 1
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




Introduction                                     This report presents the results of a nation-wide
                                                 survey targeting local governments, First Nations,
                                                 and port and airport authorities. The survey was
                                                 designed to uncover how local governments view
                                                 their industrial lands, and if sustainability
                                                 concepts are reflected in the issues facing
                                                 industrial lands, as well as in plans to address
                                                 those issues.
                                                 The results present an interesting snapshot of key
                                                 issues facing Canada’s industrial lands. In addition,
                                                 respondents reported on their intention to address
                                                 issues within their industrial lands in the next two
                                                 years. By repeating this survey, we will be able to
                                                 track whether and how key issues are being
                                                 addressed.
                                                 Hopefully, this and future snapshots of Canada’s
                                                 industrial lands will support increased knowledge
                                                 transfer and benchmarking between Canadian
                                                 municipalities and will help Canada’s industrial
                                                 lands continue evolving to be more competitive
                                                 and to meet sustainability objectives.
                                                 This report is formatted as follows:

                          Part One:               An overview of survey respondents and their
                 Participant Profile              organizations including size and location.


                           Part Two:
                                                  The existing status of developed and undeveloped
                       Current Status
                                                  industrial lands and issues facing these lands.


                            Part Three:           Barriers to and trends for future industrial
                           Future Plans           development.


                               Part Four:         Summary of survey and overview of implications.
                              Conclusion




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                                           2
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




Part One:                                        83% represented municipal government

Participant Profile                                                                                                         Response
                                                         Type of Organization                                               Percent
                                                         Municipal government                                                  83%
                                                         Regional government                                                    7%
                                                         Provincial government                                                  2%
                                                         Port or airport authority                                              4%
                                                         First Nation                                                         < 1%
                                                         Other                                                                  3%

 Who Responded?
                                                Most respondents represented either Planning or
 143 organizations                               Economic Development functions
 from 10 provinces
                                                                            Function of Respondents
 and 1 territory

                                                                                  Administration
                                                     Environment/                     17%
                                                     Sustainability
                                                          5%
                                                                                                           Planning
                                                                                                             40%


                                                                                    Economic
                                                                                   Development
                                                                                       34%

                                                                                                                        Public Works/
                                                                                                                         Engineering
                                                                                                                             4%

                                                      46% see their communities as rural, while
                                                       60% represent communities of less than
                                                       10,000 people.

               Type of Community                                                           Community Size

                                   Remote                                   More than 1,000,000        5

                                     4%                                     500,001 to 1,000,000           6

                                                                             250,001 to 500,000        5
                                                               Population




                                                                             100,001 to 250,000                  14

                                                                              50,001 to 100,000                   15
                                   Urban                                                                                        28
            Rural                                                               20,001 to 50,000
                                    35%
            46%                                                                 10,001 to 20,000                      18

                                                                                 5,001 to 10,000                           23

                                                                                 Less than 5000                                      37

                        Suburban
                                                                                                   0       10      20           30   40   50
                          15%
                                                                                                                Response Count


© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                                                             3
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 


                                                                           Who Responded?1
                                                                           British Columbia Ministry   Columbia Shuswap Regional         Sault Ste Marie North
                                                                            of Forests                    District                          Planning Board

      The survey                                                          Belledune Port Authority
                                                                           Bruce Peninsula Park
                                                                                                       Corporation of Delta
                                                                                                       County of Frontenac
                                                                                                                                         Rural Municipality of
                                                                                                                                            Woodlands

       represents at
                                                                           Calgary First Nation        County of Stettler No. 6          Saint John Airport Inc
                                                                           Camrose County              County of Wellington              South Nation Conservation
                                                                           Cariboo Regional District   Dawson City                          Authority
       least* 119,000                                                      Chalottetown
                                                                           City of Abbotsford
                                                                                                       District of Clearwater
                                                                                                       District of Kent
                                                                                                                                         Strathcona County
                                                                                                                                         Sturgeon County

       acres of                                                            City of Airdrie
                                                                           City of Beaconsfield
                                                                                                       District of Kitimat
                                                                                                       District of Lunenburg
                                                                                                                                         Town of Ajax
                                                                                                                                         Town of Aylmer

       developed
                                                                           City of Brampton            District of North Vancouver       Town of Beresford
                                                                           City of Brandon             District of Sechelt               Town of Bonnyville
                                                                           City of Brantford           Halifax Regional Municipality     Town of Bridgetown
       industrial lands                                                    City of Brockville
                                                                           City of Brooks
                                                                                                       Killarney
                                                                                                       Kneehill County
                                                                                                                                         Town of Caledon
                                                                                                                                         Town of Carman & RM of

       and 130,000 acres                                                   City of Calgary
                                                                           City of Coquitlam
                                                                                                       Lac La Biche County
                                                                                                       Lanark County
                                                                                                                                            Dufferin
                                                                                                                                         Town of Creston

       of undeveloped
                                                                           City of Cote Saint Luc      Local Government of Pinawa        Town of Dalhousie
                                                                           City of Dauphin             Loyalist Township                 Town of Davidson
                                                                           City of Fort Saskatchewan   Manitoba Government               Town of East Gwillimbury
       industrial lands                                                    City of Fort St John
                                                                           City of Greater Sudbury
                                                                                                       Metro Vancouver
                                                                                                       Miramichi Regional Economic
                                                                                                                                         Town of Espanola
                                                                                                                                         Town of Hearst

       across Canada.                                                      City of Kelowna
                                                                           City of Kitchener
                                                                                                          Development Agency
                                                                                                       Municipal District of Big Lakes
                                                                                                                                         Town of Hinton
                                                                                                                                         Town of Innisfail
                                                                           City of Leduc               Municipal District of             Town of Kentville
                                                                           City of Lethbridge             Greenview No. 16               Town of Kindersley
                                                                           City of London              Municipal District of Peace No.   Town of Ladysmith
                                                                           City of Melfort                135                            Town of Macklin
                                                                           City of Moncton             Municipality of East Hants        Town of Milton
                                                                           City of Montreal            Municipality of Killarney         Town of Nackawic
                                                                           City of Mount Pearl            Turtle- Mountain               Town of Neepawa
                                                                           City of North Vancouver     Municipality of Northern Bruce    Town of Okotoks
                                                                           City of Oshawa                 Peninsula                      Town of Oliver
                                                                           City of Pickering           Municipality of the District of   Town of Penhold
     *50 respondents answered ‘don’t                                       City of Quebec                 Chester                        Town of Sackville
     know’ for the amount of industrial                                    City of Richmond            Municipality of the District of   Town of Shaunavon
     land in their community.                                              City of Salaberry-de-          Guysborough                    Town of Shelburne
                                                                            Valleyfield                Municipality of Wawa              Town of Smithers
                                                                           City of Sault Ste. Marie    Municipality of Yarmouth          Town of Stonewall
                                                                           City of Selkirk             Nicola Valley (Merritt)           Town of Swan River
                                                                           City of Spruce Grove        Opportunity                       Town of Tillsonburg
                                                                           City of St. Thomas          Paintearth County                 Town of Tisdale
                                                                           City of Steinbach           Pearson Int. Airport              Town of Tracadie-Sheila
                                                                           City of Stratford           Port Alberni Port Authority       Town of Unity
                                                                           City of Surrey              Red Deer County                   Town of Wynyard
                                                                           City of Swift Current       Regional District Fraser Fort     Township of Lake of Bays
                                                                           City of Terrace                George                         Upper Rawdon (East Hants)
                                                                           City of Thorold             Regional District of Central      Village of Paquetville
                                                                           City of Vancouver              Okanagan                       Village of Salisbury
                                                                           City of Whitehorse          Regional District of Nanaimo      West Hants
                                                                           City of Winkler             Regional Municipality of          Yarmouth Argyle Barrington
                                                                           City of Woodstock              Durham                            District Planning
                                                                           Clear Hills County                                               Commission




                              Distribution of Survey Respondents – All Across the Country!
                                                                        
1
     Provided complete surveys 
© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                                        4
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




Part Two:                                                                            The biggest issue facing existing industrial lands?
                                                                                      Business retention and attraction
Current Status                                                                        Land use issues – ecologically sensitive areas,
                                                                                      inefficient land use, and conflicting adjacent land
                                                                                      uses are the next biggest issues
Issues Facing Currently Developed (and/or Partially Developed) Industrial Lands
                                                        Business ret ent ion / att ract ion

                                Ecologically sensit ive areas wit hin or nearby

                                                                           Inef f icient land use

                                                        Conf lict ing adjacent land uses

                                                 Insuf f icient wat er / sewer capacit y

                                                                                    Don't know

                                                         Lack of transportat ion access

                                                            Old, outdat ed building st ock

                                                                             Traff ic congest ion

                                                                            St ormwat er qualit y

                                                Insuf f icient land / Brownf ield I ssue

                                                       Cost of I nf rast ruct ure and land

                                                                           Employee retent ion

                          I nsuff icient solid wast e management / diversion

                                                                           G roundwat er qualit y

                                                                                          Ot her

                                                             I nsuff icient energy capacit y

                                                                            Wast ewat er qualit y

                                                Non-greenhouse gas air emissions

                                                             G reenhouse gas emissions

                                                                                                    0%   5%   10%   15%   20%   25%   30%

Top 5 Current
Issues                                                                               Insufficient water and sewer capacity rounds out
                                                                                      the top 5. Sustainabilty objectives should include
                                                                                      reducing the demand for water via recycling and
1. Business retention/
                                                                                      conservation and even the use of reclaimed
   attraction
                                                                                      wastewater. Managing demand could help stretch
2. Ecologically sensitive                                                             capacity further
   areas nearby or
   within                                                                             The issue of least concern? Surprisingly,
                                                                                      greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from industrial
3. Inefficient land use
                                                                                      lands. With at least 213 municipal Partners for
4. Conflicting adjacent
                                                                                      Climate Protection working to reduce GHG
   land uses                                                                          emissions2, are municipalities missing an
5. Inefficient water or                                                               opportunity to engage business in GHG reduction
   sewer capacity                                                                     activities?
                                                                        
2
     Federation of Canadian Municipalities 
© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                   5
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 



                                                    Is there an Urban / Rural Divide?
                                                            Yes. The issues concerning suburban and
                                                             urban municipalities are fairly similar. For
                                                             rural communities, business retention /
                                                             attraction is a key challenge.


                  Business ret ention / at traction


                  Conf licting adjacent land uses


                                        D on't know


    Ecologically sensit ive areas within or nearby


              I nsuff icient wat er / sewer capacit y


                              Inef ficient land use


                  Lack of transportation access


                    Old, out dat ed building stock


                               Stormwater qualit y
                                                                                        Rural & Remote (50%)
                              Employee retention
                                                                                        Urban (35%)
Insuff icient solid wast e management / diversion
                                                                                        Suburban (15%)

                             G roundwater qualit y


             Non-greenhouse gas air emissions


                               Wastewater qualit y


                                Traffic congestion


             I nsuff icient land / Brownfield Issue


                     Insuf ficient energy capacit y


                 Cost of I nfrastruct ure and land


                                              Other


                     G reenhouse gas emissions

                                                        0%      5%    10%   15%   20%      25%        30%      35%   40%



            Current Issues Facing Existing Industrial Lands By Community Type




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                                 6
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 



Top 5 Objectives Already                           The Official Plan (or equivalent) is the top
in Existing Policies
                                                   tool used by local governments to set
1. Upgrade water/sewer                             sustaiability objectives for their industrial
   capacity                                        lands
2. Encourage infill or
   intensification
                                                  Very few are leveraging Industrial Land
3. Improve transportation                          Strategies or Community Energy Plans to
   access                                          promote sustainability in their industrial lands
4. Reduce energy
   consumption and/or
   increase energy                       Offic ial Co m m unity Plan, Develo pm ent Plan,
   efficiency                                     Planning Strategy o r equivalent

5. Attract clean technology,                                  Zo ning / Land Us e Bylaw
   renewable energy and/or
   green business                                    Ec o no m ic Develo pm ent Strategy

                                                     Design / Develo pm ent Guidelines
Recall that insufficient water
/ sewer capacity was                        Integrated Co m m unity Sustainability Plan

actually the fifth most
                                                               Indus trial Land Strategy
pressing issue!
                                                                            Do n't k no w

                                                               Green Building Strategy

                                                               Co mm unity Energy Plan

                                                           Enviro nm ental M as ter Plan


                                                                                   Other

                                                                                            0%   10%   20%   30%   40%   50%   60%   70%




Case Study: Pearson Eco-Business Zone Policy Toolkit
The Toronto Region Conservation Authority,                                 •     Primers – 1-2 page briefings on a
Greater Toronto Airport Authority, and Cities of                                 number of topics, such as how staff can
Toronto, Mississauga, and Brampton are                                           use the development permit powers in
supporting the creation of the Pearson Eco-                                      Ontario to support eco-business activity
Business Zone - an internationally recognized                                    and an overview of all allowable incentive
community known for its competitive, high                                        tools in Ontario;
performance and eco-friendly business climate.
                                                                           •     Policy templates / language, including a
The Pearson Eco-Business Zone includes over
                                                                                 glossary of standardized eco-industrial
12,000 hectares of employment lands and is
                                                                                 terms and definitions; Official Plan
home to over 12,000 businesses surrounding
                                                                                 policies; and principles for development
the Toronto Pearson International Airport.
                                                                                 guidelines;
An Eco-Business Zone Toolkit has been
                                                                           •     Staff training modules.
developed for the local government partners,
incorporating extensive multi-departmental                                 A number of larger spin-off projects were
consultation and containing:                                               also identified, such as the need for a
                                                                           comprehensive eco-industrial technical
•    Communication materials to help staff from
                                                                           resource directory for staff and for the
     all departments understand “what’s in it for
                                                                           municipal partners to work together to lobby
     them” as well as template PowerPoint®
                                                                           the Province for building code changes.
     slides to assist staff in making
     presentations to Council, the community,
     or even other staff;

© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                                   9
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




Part Three:                                               Just over half of the undeveloped industrial
                                                          lands are owned by multiple land owners,
Future Plans                                              which represents a challenge to cohesive
                                                          future sustainable development. Strong
Top 5 Issues Facing                                       sustainability policy will be needed.
Undeveloped                                              Approximately one quarter of the
Industrial Lands                                          undeveloped industrial lands are owned by
                                                          the local government/organization, putting
1. Business attraction                                    these organizations in a good position to
2. Insufficient                                           demonstrate sustainability leadership.
   water/sewer capacity                                  Business attraction is the biggest issue facing
3. Ecologically sensitive                                 future industrial lands. Nearly twice as many
   areas within or                                        respondents considered this an issue for
   nearby                                                 future lands compared to existing lands.

4. Lack of                                                Insufficient water, sewer and transportation
   Transportation                                         infrastructure also make the top 5.
   Access
5. Conflicting land uses
                                                               Issues Facing Undeveloped Industrial Lands



                                             Business at t ract ion
                           I nsuf f icient wat er / sewer capacit y
                Ecologically sensit ive areas wit hin or nearby
                               Lack of t ransport at ion access

                               Conf lict ing adjacent land uses
              Pot ent ial aest het ics of indust rial development
                                            Employee at t ract ion
                                                        Don't know

          Cost t o service & Pressure f orm ot her use sect ors
                                   Pot ent ial st ormwat er qualit y
                                              Traf f ic congest ion
                                Pot ent ial groundwat er qualit y
                                   Pot ent ial wast ewat er qualit y
                                                             Ot her
             I ncreasing solid wast e management / diversion
                          Mult i-owner / I nsuf f icient land size

                                   I nsuf f icient energy capacit y
                              Land locat ion / Need Rezoning
               I ncreasing non-greenhouse gas air emissions
                      I ncreasing greenhouse gas emissions

                                                                       0%   5%   10%   15%   20%   25%   30%   35%   40%   45%   50%




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                         10
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 


                                                 Is there an Urban / Rural Divide?
                                                       Yes again, at least for some issues. For rural
                                                       communities, business retention / attraction
                                                       is a key challenge. Interestingly, the potential
                                                       aesthetics of future industrial development is
                                                       a much greater concern in urban areas.


        Biggest Issues Facing Undeveloped Industrial Lands by Community Type



                                    Business attraction


                    Insufficient water / sewer capacity

                        Conf licting adjacent land uses


          Ecologically sensit ive areas within or nearby


                        Lack of transport ation access

        Potential aest hetics of industrial development


                                   Employee attraction


                         Potential groundwater quality


                                             Don't know

                          Potent ial st ormwater quality                       Rural & Remote (50%)

                          Potent ial wastewater quality                        Urban (35%)

                                                                               Suburban (15%)
    Cost to service & Pressure form other use sectors


       Increasing solid wast e management / diversion

                                                   Other


                                     Traffic congestion

                           Insufficient energy capacity

        Increasing non-greenhouse gas air emissions


                       Land location / Need Rezoning


                Increasing greenhouse gas emissions


                    Mult i-owner / Insufficient land size

                                                            0%   10%   20%   30%      40%        50%   60%




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                      11
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 



Top 3 New                                               How will issues with future industrial
Sustainability                                          lands be addressed?
Objectives                                              33% of respondents indicated that they don’t
Anticipated*                                            know what new sustainability objectives are
                                                        planned in the next two years. This may have
1. Upgrade                                              been a reflection of their job position or a
   water/sewer                                          general lack of clear objectives pertaining to
   capacity                                             industrial lands.
2. Encourage infill or
   intensification                                     33% of organizations plan to set objecitves to
3. Improve                                              address insufficient water/sewer capacity in
   transportation                                       the next two years, which correlates to one of
   access                                               the top issues facing industrial lands.

*after ‘don’t know’
                                                        30% of respondents plan to ecourage infill or
                                                        intensification.



               New Sustainability Objectives Anticpated in the Next Two Years



                                                            Don't know

                                     Upgrade water / sewer capacit y

                                   Encourage inf ill or int ensif ication

                                      I mprove transport at ion access

 At tract clean t echnology, renewable energy, and/or green business

                                     Encourage new green buildings

     Reduce energy consumption and/or increase energy eff iciency

    Reduce wat er use and wastewater generation from businesses

                              Launch a business ret ention init iat ive

             Redevelop brownf ields int o higher use industrial lands

               Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from businesses

                     Restore ecological or natural heritage f eat ures

                          Encourage by-product exchange / synergy

                                     Achieve green building retrof its

        Reduce non-greenhouse gas air emissions from businesses

                      Reduce wat erborne pollution from businesses

                                                                 Ot hers

                                                                            0%   5%   10%   15%   20%   25%   30%   35%    40%




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                             12
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 




 Part Four:                                       What are the Issues?

 Conclusion                                       The top 5 issues facing existing industrial
                                                  lands are:
“…cities are facing an
infrastructure deficit                            6.  Business retention/ attraction
currently pegged at                               7.  Ecologically sensitive areas nearby or
$123-billion, a price tag                             within
no degree of property-                            8. Inefficient land use
tax hikes can hope to                             9. Conflicting adjacent land uses
cover.”                                           10. Inefficient water or sewer capacity
Globe and Mail, Mar 17, 2011
“Canada’s big-city mayors are                     The top 5 issues facing future industrial lands
wondering: After the stimulus,
what’s next?” by Siri Agrell                      are:

                                                  1.     Business attraction
                                                  2.     Insufficient water/sewer capacity
                                                  3.     Ecologically sensitive areas within or
                                                         nearby
                                                  4.     Lack of Transportation Access (with
                                                         Traffic Congestion being a huge issue for
                                                         urban and suburban respondents)
                                                  5.     Conflicting land uses

                                                  Addressing the Issues

                                                  Clearly, addressing our infrastructure deficit
                                                  and supporting better land use planning are
                                                  key to ensuring that Canada’s industrial lands
                                                  continue to be competitive, generate jobs,
                                                  and remain community assets even as
                                                  communities strive to meet a growing list of
                                                  sustainability objectives.

                                                  Ensuring that Canada’s industrial lands are
                                                  well-planned, efficient, and properly serviced
                                                  will in turn help communities attract and
                                                  retain business, although other measures are
                                                  likely required.




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                              13
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 


Setting Sustainable                               Communities have indicated that they intend
Objectives for the Future:                        to tackle some of these issues. The top five
By-product Synergy                                objectives communities plan to set in the
Community Spotlight:
Belledune Port Authority, NB                      next two years are:

                                                  1.     Upgrade water/sewer capacity
The Belledune Port Authority
“encourages local industries to look              2.     Encourage infill or intensification
at their by-products to see if                    3.     Improve transportation access
marketable products can be sent to                4.     Attract clean, ‘green’ business
other industries, rather than creating
landfills”.                                       5.     Encourage green buildings

Promoting by-product exchange such                There are some other strategies as well. For
as this builds relationships within the
business community, turns waste                   existing lands, comprehensive sustainability-
into resources, and has the potential             driven revitalization strategies, such as the
to generate significant cost savings.             one to create the Pearson Eco-Business Zone
                                                  in Greater Toronto (see sidebar page 7) can
                                                  help to reduce demand for water, wastewater
                                                  treatment, and transportation. Such efforts
                                                  could also include formal business retention
                                                  and expansion initiatives designed to promote
 Setting Sustainable                              sustainability, reduce business operating
 Objectives for the Future:                       costs, and create a more attractive,
 Sustainable Community
 Plans
                                                  competitive business environment. Such eco-
 Community Spotlight: Ville de                    industrial ‘retrofit’ strategies can also reduce
 Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, QC                     the impact of businesses on nearby
                                                  ecologically sensitive areas e.g., by helping
 In addition to multiple actions                  businesses to change the way they manage
 related to encouraging green
 buildings and development,
                                                  stormwater.
 including in the industrial
 sector, the City is working with                 For existing and future lands, strong local
 multiple community partners,                     government policy and leadership is key.
 such as the Chamber of                           Local governments clearly recognize that
 Commerce, the Port of and the
 College of Valleyfield to develop
                                                  their offiical plans and zoning bylaws are
 an industrial environmental                      powerful tools to encourage sustainability in
 network to promote recycling                     industrial lands. However, economic
 and improve its business                         development strategies, industrial land
 retention and expansion                          strategies, integrated community
 program.
                                                  sustainabiliity plans, and community energy
 For more information view the Action             plans also can help greatly, yet appear to be
 Plan at:
 http://www.ville.valleyfield .qc.ca/webc
                                                  quite underutilized.
 oncepteurcontent63/000022410000/upl
 oad/PADD-E-WEBfinale16mars2010.pdf
                                                  For the one-quarter of respondents who own
                                                  their future industrial lands, they have the
                                                  ability to actually lead change for
                                                  sustainability by developing those lands as

© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                                           14
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 


                                                                       eco-industrial parks or similar. As owners,
                                                                       they will be able to make the decisions to
                                                                       ensure that from master planning through to
                                                                       the construction of infrastructure and
                                                                       operation of businesses, sustainability is a
Setting Sustainable                                                    core value.
Objectives for the Future:
Area Concept Planning
Community Spotlight:                                                   A Final Thought - What is the True Magnitude
Terrace, BC                                                            of Water / Sewer Capacity Issues?

The community of Terrace, BC
                                                                       The same formulas have been used for
“adopted an Area Concept Plan
that incorporates large buffer                                         decades to project how much infrastructure
zones / natural areas,                                                 and how much land is required to support a
pedestrian/cycle trail linkages,                                       certain number of jobs in a community.
water conservation / low water                                         These formulas do not take into account an
use development, groundwater
                                                                       evolution in building types (such as the
recharge for stormwater, etc.”
                                                                       increased marketing penetration of green and
For more information                                                   adaptive building practices) or the evolution
view the Terrace OCP at
www.terrace.ca
                                                                       in business practices (such as energy and
                                                                       water conservation, facility sharing, and
                                                                       telecommuting) that reduce businesses’
                                                                       demand for infrastructure. Efforts to intensify
                                                                       industrial land use should consider that the
                                                                       relationship between required industrial lands
                                                                       required and jobs is likely to shift over time
                                                                       as more suitable green building and business
                                                                       practices become more prevalent, as shown
                                                                       hypothetically below.

                                                                            Employment Land Area Vs Job Growth
                                                                 550
                                                                 500
                                        Employmnt Land (acres)




                                                                 450
                                                                 400
                                                                 350                                                   Acres ‐ BAU
                                                                 300                                                   Acres ‐ Green
                                                                 250
                                                                 200
                                                                       10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000

                                                                                         Jobs
                                                                  Possible Impact of Green & Adaptable Building and Business
                                                                         Practices on Employment Land Requirements




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                                          15
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 



          Expand Your Wastewater                    In addition, creative options such as water
        Capacity with No New Capital                capacity cap and trades (being considered in
                                                    Alberta’s Industrial Heartland) or technical
    There are numerous examples                     re-rating of infrastructure capacity (see
    where process optimization and 
                                                    sidebar) that can allow for existing
    statistical analysis of actual 
    operational data has resulted in a              infrastructure to meet the increased demand
    wastewater treatment plant                      that may result from intensification.
    being re‐rated for a higher 
    capacity. For example, one                      Furthermore, in our experience, engineering
    municipality was able to boost its 
                                                    standards for estimating capacity
    capacity rating by 12% without 
    having to invest new capital in                 requirements do not necessarily reflect
    the plant, and was able to                      current reality; many demand estimates are
    significantly defer the                         overstated because they don’t account for the
    construction of a new plant                     change in business practices and the shift in
     
    (Leaf & Johnson, Proceedings of the             the types of businesses we find in industrial
    Water Environment Federation, WEFTEC            lands compared to 50 years ago. Furthermore,
    2008: Session 1 through Session 10 , pp. 
    331‐338(8)).                                    the demand for infrastructure varies widely,
                                                    and it might make sense to consider demand
                                                    on a case by case basis. Consider, for
                                                    example, the variation shown in water
                                                    consumption at several business parks in the
                                                    Metro Toronto area shown in the figure below.
                                                 
                                                 
                                                    F
                                                    i
                                                    g
                                                    u
                                                    r
                                                    e

                                                    2
                                                    :

                                                    V
                                                    a
                                                    r
                                                    i
                                                    a
                                                    t
                                                    i
                                                    o
                                                    n
                                                        in Water Consumption at Business Parks across Metro
                                                                             Toronto
 
Setting Sustainable Objectives for the Future: Green Industrial Parks
Community Spotlight: Moncton, NB

Although not labeled as an eco-industrial park, Moncton Industrial Park West has been designed to
be more environmentally attuned than past developments. This industrial park includes LED
streetlighting and localized storm water detention facilities. Specifications require new individual
projects to manage their storm water on-site in order to ensure net zero impact on the municipal
storm system. A custom guide promotes environmentally sensitive landscaping treatments and
integrating storm water management into landscape design. An incentive in the form of a 5%
rebate on the purchase price rewards projects that incorporate specific environmentally beneficial
components in their landscaping, building design and materials, and heating systems.
© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
2011 State of Sustainability Report:                                                            16
A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands 


                                                  Conclusion

                                                  While many communities report some
                                                  progress, there is clearly much work to be
                                                  done to ensure that Canada’s industrial lands
                                                  become part of a sustainable community.
                                                  ‘Soft’ investments are needed to develop
                                                  appropriate policy and support sustainability-
                                                  driven revitalization and business attraction /
                                                  retention efforts, work which often requires
                                                  outside expertise to complete. ‘Hard’
                                                  investments are needed to not just replace
                                                  infrastructure, but replace it with
                                                  infrastructure that further helps businesses to
                                                  operate more efficiently and reduce their
                                                  impact on the environment.

                                                  We hope that subsequent surveys show that
                                                  these investments are being made, or
                                                  Canada risks its industrial lands losing
                                                  competitiveness and hampering national
                                                  efforts to achieve sustainable communities.




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
We would like to acknowledge thank the survey participants for contributing their valuable time and
                                      insights to this survey.




© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd.
2001-2011: Celebrating 10 years of Global Eco-Industrial Leadership

EIS is the only firm in Canada specializing exclusively in eco-industrial planning and development. We
have been involved in creating sustainable municipal policy in communities across Canada for the past
decade, and we bring a breadth of experience to green industrial efforts that includes eco-industrial
strategies; energy mapping; green economic development; policy tools for sustainability (including the
promotion of renewable energy and GHG-reducing activities); and municipal-business partnerships to
support green building and energy. As pioneers in the field of industrial ecology and sustainable
development practices, our firm has consulted on over $500 million in projects for government and
private corporations in Canada, the U.S.A., Asia, Mexico, South America, and the Middle East.

We have learned firsthand the challenges municipalities face setting targets, developing sustainable
plans, and measuring the performance of their communities. We believe in working collaboratively
with our clients to provide solutions that are tailored to their unique economic, social and
environmental objectives.      Our systems-based approach incorporates leading expertise in eco-
industrial networking, industrial ecology, green infrastructure, and strategic planning. We take pride in
producing results that are both practical and creative.


Eco-Business Zone Alliance (EBZA)
Eco-Industrial Solutions is a member of the             Intelleco Development Corporation
EBZA, a group of sustainability professionals           Intelleco was formed by Herold Development
who assist businesses to 'green' their bottom-          Services Ltd. and Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd.
line, gain competitive advantage, and reduce            to seek more active roles in Canadian, U.S.,
their environmental footprint. We are joined in         and    international    industrial   development
this alliance by The Innovolve Group, offering          projects with strong sustainability elements. As
sustainability       strategy    development,           EIS’ sister firm, Intelleco is structured to offer
communications, design, brand management                a full spectrum of support to development
and event planning to lead transformative               projects including: alternative soft cost
market change; and the Sustainability Learning          financing       arrangements;        development
Centre, a learning, networking, and technology          management services; development strategic
transfer hub that develops human and                    advisory services; and investment partnerships.
technical      capacity     in  Green     Core
Competencies™ in the Industrial, Commercial
and Institutional sectors.



© Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 

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Sustainability&amp;Industrial Lands Report Eis2011

  • 1. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands Compiled March 2011 by Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd.                       www.ecoindustrial.ca    604‐737‐8506
  • 2. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: ii A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands      We would like to thank Takt-Etik Consultants for their assistance in translating the survey into French and distributing it within Québec. The following copyright notice "Copyright 2011, Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd. All rights reserved." must be applied to any text or graphic material referenced from this report. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 3. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: iii A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Letter From EIS Industrial lands (also known as “employment lands”) are essential to the continued growth of the Canadian economy. Looking back over the ten years since Eco-Industrial Solutions was founded, we have seen a dramatic shift towards sustainability within municipal development and planning processes. At the same time, we recognize that there is room for improvement in the comprehensive tracking and monitoring of sustainablilty in our industrial lands. To better understand the current issues facing Canada’s industrial lands, we decided to survey municipalities and government authorities across the country. We clearly hit a hot topic, as we received responses from 143 different organizations during the brief survey period. The recent recession combined with increasing pressure to meet sustainability objectives has left many communities feeling challenged to meet their economic, environmental, and social objectives within their industrial lands. But as we also found in the survey results and have seen with our own clients, many communities have found creative and progressive ways to ensure that their industrial lands continue to provide meaningful jobs creation while being part of the overall sustainable community. We hope that this snapshot of Canada’s industrial lands will spur knowledge transfer and benchmarking between Canadian communities. We also hope that as we repeat this survey in future years, we will see the issues change and we’ll hear Eco-Industrial Solutions more and more success stories. 2001-2011: Ultimately, it’s in all our interests to help Canada’s industrial Celebrating 10 years lands continue to improve their competitiveness and meet of Global Eco-Industrial Leadership sustainability objectives. Sincerely, Tracy Casavant President & CEO, Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd. Suite 501 - 318 Homer St Vancouver, BC Canada V6B 2V2 E: tracy@ecoindustrial.ca T: 604.737.8506 ext 106 F: 604.648.8439 © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 4. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: iv A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  This page intentionally blank to faciliate double-sided printing. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 5. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: v A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Executive Summary To better understand the current issues Addressing the Issues facing Canada’s industrial lands, Eco- Industrial Solutions Ltd. undertook a Clearly, addressing our infrastructure nation-wide survey in February of 2011. deficit and supporting better land use 143 organizations from 10 provinces and planning are key to ensuring that 1 territory were represented in the survey. Canada’s industrial lands continue to be competitive, generate jobs, and remain community assets even as communities Top 5 issues - existing industrial strive to meet a growing list of lands sustainability objectives. In turn, this will support business retnetion and attraction. 1. Business retention/ attraction 2. Ecologically sensitive areas nearby or For existing lands, comprehensive within sustainability-driven revitalization / retrofits can reduce demand for 3. Inefficient land use infrastructure and impacts on nearby 4. Conflicting adjacent land uses lands. For existing and future industrial lands, strong local government policy and 5. Inefficient water or sewer capacity leadership is key. For the one-quarter of respondents who own their future Top 5 issues - future industrial industrial lands, they can lead by lands developing those lands as eco-industrial parks or similar. 1. Business attraction 2. Insufficient water/sewer capacity While many communities report some progress, there is clearly much work to be 3. Ecologically sensitive areas within or done to ensure that Canada’s industrial nearby lands become part of a sustainable 4. Lack of Transportation Access (with community. ‘Soft’ investments are Traffic Congestion being a huge issue needed to develop appropriate policy and for urban and suburban respondents) support sustainability-driven revitalization and business attraction / retention efforts, 5. Conflicting nearby land uses work which often requires outside expertise to complete. ‘Hard’ investments Top 5 new objectives in the next are needed to not just replace two years: infrastructure, but replace it with infrastructure that further helps 1. Upgrade water/sewer capacity businesses to operate more efficiently and reduce their impact on the environment. 2. Encourage infill or intensification 3. Improve transportation access We hope that subsequent surveys show that these investments are being made, or 4. Attract clean, ‘green’ business Canada risks its industrial lands losing 5. Encourage green buildings competitiveness and hampering national efforts to achieve sustainable communities © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 6. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: vi A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands      Table of Contents Introduction Part One: Participant Profile Part Two: Current Status Part Three: Future Plans Part Four: Conclusion © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 7. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 1 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Introduction This report presents the results of a nation-wide survey targeting local governments, First Nations, and port and airport authorities. The survey was designed to uncover how local governments view their industrial lands, and if sustainability concepts are reflected in the issues facing industrial lands, as well as in plans to address those issues. The results present an interesting snapshot of key issues facing Canada’s industrial lands. In addition, respondents reported on their intention to address issues within their industrial lands in the next two years. By repeating this survey, we will be able to track whether and how key issues are being addressed. Hopefully, this and future snapshots of Canada’s industrial lands will support increased knowledge transfer and benchmarking between Canadian municipalities and will help Canada’s industrial lands continue evolving to be more competitive and to meet sustainability objectives. This report is formatted as follows: Part One: An overview of survey respondents and their Participant Profile organizations including size and location. Part Two: The existing status of developed and undeveloped Current Status industrial lands and issues facing these lands. Part Three: Barriers to and trends for future industrial Future Plans development. Part Four: Summary of survey and overview of implications. Conclusion © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 8. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 2 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Part One:  83% represented municipal government Participant Profile Response Type of Organization Percent Municipal government 83% Regional government 7% Provincial government 2% Port or airport authority 4% First Nation < 1% Other 3% Who Responded?  Most respondents represented either Planning or 143 organizations Economic Development functions from 10 provinces Function of Respondents and 1 territory Administration Environment/ 17% Sustainability 5% Planning 40% Economic Development 34% Public Works/ Engineering 4%  46% see their communities as rural, while 60% represent communities of less than 10,000 people. Type of Community Community Size Remote More than 1,000,000 5 4% 500,001 to 1,000,000 6 250,001 to 500,000 5 Population 100,001 to 250,000 14 50,001 to 100,000 15 Urban 28 Rural 20,001 to 50,000 35% 46% 10,001 to 20,000 18 5,001 to 10,000 23 Less than 5000 37 Suburban 0 10 20 30 40 50 15% Response Count © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 9. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 3 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Who Responded?1 British Columbia Ministry Columbia Shuswap Regional Sault Ste Marie North of Forests District Planning Board  The survey Belledune Port Authority Bruce Peninsula Park Corporation of Delta County of Frontenac Rural Municipality of Woodlands represents at Calgary First Nation County of Stettler No. 6 Saint John Airport Inc Camrose County County of Wellington South Nation Conservation Cariboo Regional District Dawson City Authority least* 119,000 Chalottetown City of Abbotsford District of Clearwater District of Kent Strathcona County Sturgeon County acres of City of Airdrie City of Beaconsfield District of Kitimat District of Lunenburg Town of Ajax Town of Aylmer developed City of Brampton District of North Vancouver Town of Beresford City of Brandon District of Sechelt Town of Bonnyville City of Brantford Halifax Regional Municipality Town of Bridgetown industrial lands City of Brockville City of Brooks Killarney Kneehill County Town of Caledon Town of Carman & RM of and 130,000 acres City of Calgary City of Coquitlam Lac La Biche County Lanark County Dufferin Town of Creston of undeveloped City of Cote Saint Luc Local Government of Pinawa Town of Dalhousie City of Dauphin Loyalist Township Town of Davidson City of Fort Saskatchewan Manitoba Government Town of East Gwillimbury industrial lands City of Fort St John City of Greater Sudbury Metro Vancouver Miramichi Regional Economic Town of Espanola Town of Hearst across Canada. City of Kelowna City of Kitchener Development Agency Municipal District of Big Lakes Town of Hinton Town of Innisfail City of Leduc Municipal District of Town of Kentville City of Lethbridge Greenview No. 16 Town of Kindersley City of London Municipal District of Peace No. Town of Ladysmith City of Melfort 135 Town of Macklin City of Moncton Municipality of East Hants Town of Milton City of Montreal Municipality of Killarney Town of Nackawic City of Mount Pearl Turtle- Mountain Town of Neepawa City of North Vancouver Municipality of Northern Bruce Town of Okotoks City of Oshawa Peninsula Town of Oliver City of Pickering Municipality of the District of Town of Penhold *50 respondents answered ‘don’t City of Quebec Chester Town of Sackville know’ for the amount of industrial City of Richmond Municipality of the District of Town of Shaunavon land in their community. City of Salaberry-de- Guysborough Town of Shelburne Valleyfield Municipality of Wawa Town of Smithers City of Sault Ste. Marie Municipality of Yarmouth Town of Stonewall City of Selkirk Nicola Valley (Merritt) Town of Swan River City of Spruce Grove Opportunity Town of Tillsonburg City of St. Thomas Paintearth County Town of Tisdale City of Steinbach Pearson Int. Airport Town of Tracadie-Sheila City of Stratford Port Alberni Port Authority Town of Unity City of Surrey Red Deer County Town of Wynyard City of Swift Current Regional District Fraser Fort Township of Lake of Bays City of Terrace George Upper Rawdon (East Hants) City of Thorold Regional District of Central Village of Paquetville City of Vancouver Okanagan Village of Salisbury City of Whitehorse Regional District of Nanaimo West Hants City of Winkler Regional Municipality of Yarmouth Argyle Barrington City of Woodstock Durham District Planning Clear Hills County Commission Distribution of Survey Respondents – All Across the Country!                                                                          1  Provided complete surveys  © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 10. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 4 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Part Two:  The biggest issue facing existing industrial lands? Business retention and attraction Current Status  Land use issues – ecologically sensitive areas, inefficient land use, and conflicting adjacent land uses are the next biggest issues Issues Facing Currently Developed (and/or Partially Developed) Industrial Lands Business ret ent ion / att ract ion Ecologically sensit ive areas wit hin or nearby Inef f icient land use Conf lict ing adjacent land uses Insuf f icient wat er / sewer capacit y Don't know Lack of transportat ion access Old, outdat ed building st ock Traff ic congest ion St ormwat er qualit y Insuf f icient land / Brownf ield I ssue Cost of I nf rast ruct ure and land Employee retent ion I nsuff icient solid wast e management / diversion G roundwat er qualit y Ot her I nsuff icient energy capacit y Wast ewat er qualit y Non-greenhouse gas air emissions G reenhouse gas emissions 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% Top 5 Current Issues  Insufficient water and sewer capacity rounds out the top 5. Sustainabilty objectives should include reducing the demand for water via recycling and 1. Business retention/ conservation and even the use of reclaimed attraction wastewater. Managing demand could help stretch 2. Ecologically sensitive capacity further areas nearby or within  The issue of least concern? Surprisingly, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from industrial 3. Inefficient land use lands. With at least 213 municipal Partners for 4. Conflicting adjacent Climate Protection working to reduce GHG land uses emissions2, are municipalities missing an 5. Inefficient water or opportunity to engage business in GHG reduction sewer capacity activities?                                                                          2  Federation of Canadian Municipalities  © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 11. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 5 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Is there an Urban / Rural Divide?  Yes. The issues concerning suburban and urban municipalities are fairly similar. For rural communities, business retention / attraction is a key challenge. Business ret ention / at traction Conf licting adjacent land uses D on't know Ecologically sensit ive areas within or nearby I nsuff icient wat er / sewer capacit y Inef ficient land use Lack of transportation access Old, out dat ed building stock Stormwater qualit y Rural & Remote (50%) Employee retention Urban (35%) Insuff icient solid wast e management / diversion Suburban (15%) G roundwater qualit y Non-greenhouse gas air emissions Wastewater qualit y Traffic congestion I nsuff icient land / Brownfield Issue Insuf ficient energy capacit y Cost of I nfrastruct ure and land Other G reenhouse gas emissions 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% Current Issues Facing Existing Industrial Lands By Community Type © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 12. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 6 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Top 5 Objectives Already  The Official Plan (or equivalent) is the top in Existing Policies tool used by local governments to set 1. Upgrade water/sewer sustaiability objectives for their industrial capacity lands 2. Encourage infill or intensification  Very few are leveraging Industrial Land 3. Improve transportation Strategies or Community Energy Plans to access promote sustainability in their industrial lands 4. Reduce energy consumption and/or increase energy Offic ial Co m m unity Plan, Develo pm ent Plan, efficiency Planning Strategy o r equivalent 5. Attract clean technology, Zo ning / Land Us e Bylaw renewable energy and/or green business Ec o no m ic Develo pm ent Strategy Design / Develo pm ent Guidelines Recall that insufficient water / sewer capacity was Integrated Co m m unity Sustainability Plan actually the fifth most Indus trial Land Strategy pressing issue! Do n't k no w Green Building Strategy Co mm unity Energy Plan Enviro nm ental M as ter Plan Other 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% Case Study: Pearson Eco-Business Zone Policy Toolkit The Toronto Region Conservation Authority, • Primers – 1-2 page briefings on a Greater Toronto Airport Authority, and Cities of number of topics, such as how staff can Toronto, Mississauga, and Brampton are use the development permit powers in supporting the creation of the Pearson Eco- Ontario to support eco-business activity Business Zone - an internationally recognized and an overview of all allowable incentive community known for its competitive, high tools in Ontario; performance and eco-friendly business climate. • Policy templates / language, including a The Pearson Eco-Business Zone includes over glossary of standardized eco-industrial 12,000 hectares of employment lands and is terms and definitions; Official Plan home to over 12,000 businesses surrounding policies; and principles for development the Toronto Pearson International Airport. guidelines; An Eco-Business Zone Toolkit has been • Staff training modules. developed for the local government partners, incorporating extensive multi-departmental A number of larger spin-off projects were consultation and containing: also identified, such as the need for a comprehensive eco-industrial technical • Communication materials to help staff from resource directory for staff and for the all departments understand “what’s in it for municipal partners to work together to lobby them” as well as template PowerPoint® the Province for building code changes. slides to assist staff in making presentations to Council, the community, or even other staff; © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 13. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 9 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Part Three:  Just over half of the undeveloped industrial lands are owned by multiple land owners, Future Plans which represents a challenge to cohesive future sustainable development. Strong Top 5 Issues Facing sustainability policy will be needed. Undeveloped  Approximately one quarter of the Industrial Lands undeveloped industrial lands are owned by the local government/organization, putting 1. Business attraction these organizations in a good position to 2. Insufficient demonstrate sustainability leadership. water/sewer capacity  Business attraction is the biggest issue facing 3. Ecologically sensitive future industrial lands. Nearly twice as many areas within or respondents considered this an issue for nearby future lands compared to existing lands. 4. Lack of  Insufficient water, sewer and transportation Transportation infrastructure also make the top 5. Access 5. Conflicting land uses Issues Facing Undeveloped Industrial Lands Business at t ract ion I nsuf f icient wat er / sewer capacit y Ecologically sensit ive areas wit hin or nearby Lack of t ransport at ion access Conf lict ing adjacent land uses Pot ent ial aest het ics of indust rial development Employee at t ract ion Don't know Cost t o service & Pressure f orm ot her use sect ors Pot ent ial st ormwat er qualit y Traf f ic congest ion Pot ent ial groundwat er qualit y Pot ent ial wast ewat er qualit y Ot her I ncreasing solid wast e management / diversion Mult i-owner / I nsuf f icient land size I nsuf f icient energy capacit y Land locat ion / Need Rezoning I ncreasing non-greenhouse gas air emissions I ncreasing greenhouse gas emissions 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% 45% 50% © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 14. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 10 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Is there an Urban / Rural Divide?  Yes again, at least for some issues. For rural communities, business retention / attraction is a key challenge. Interestingly, the potential aesthetics of future industrial development is a much greater concern in urban areas. Biggest Issues Facing Undeveloped Industrial Lands by Community Type Business attraction Insufficient water / sewer capacity Conf licting adjacent land uses Ecologically sensit ive areas within or nearby Lack of transport ation access Potential aest hetics of industrial development Employee attraction Potential groundwater quality Don't know Potent ial st ormwater quality Rural & Remote (50%) Potent ial wastewater quality Urban (35%) Suburban (15%) Cost to service & Pressure form other use sectors Increasing solid wast e management / diversion Other Traffic congestion Insufficient energy capacity Increasing non-greenhouse gas air emissions Land location / Need Rezoning Increasing greenhouse gas emissions Mult i-owner / Insufficient land size 0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 15. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 11 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Top 3 New How will issues with future industrial Sustainability lands be addressed? Objectives  33% of respondents indicated that they don’t Anticipated* know what new sustainability objectives are planned in the next two years. This may have 1. Upgrade been a reflection of their job position or a water/sewer general lack of clear objectives pertaining to capacity industrial lands. 2. Encourage infill or intensification  33% of organizations plan to set objecitves to 3. Improve address insufficient water/sewer capacity in transportation the next two years, which correlates to one of access the top issues facing industrial lands. *after ‘don’t know’  30% of respondents plan to ecourage infill or intensification. New Sustainability Objectives Anticpated in the Next Two Years Don't know Upgrade water / sewer capacit y Encourage inf ill or int ensif ication I mprove transport at ion access At tract clean t echnology, renewable energy, and/or green business Encourage new green buildings Reduce energy consumption and/or increase energy eff iciency Reduce wat er use and wastewater generation from businesses Launch a business ret ention init iat ive Redevelop brownf ields int o higher use industrial lands Reduce greenhouse gas emissions from businesses Restore ecological or natural heritage f eat ures Encourage by-product exchange / synergy Achieve green building retrof its Reduce non-greenhouse gas air emissions from businesses Reduce wat erborne pollution from businesses Ot hers 0% 5% 10% 15% 20% 25% 30% 35% 40% © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 16. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 12 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Part Four: What are the Issues? Conclusion The top 5 issues facing existing industrial lands are: “…cities are facing an infrastructure deficit 6. Business retention/ attraction currently pegged at 7. Ecologically sensitive areas nearby or $123-billion, a price tag within no degree of property- 8. Inefficient land use tax hikes can hope to 9. Conflicting adjacent land uses cover.” 10. Inefficient water or sewer capacity Globe and Mail, Mar 17, 2011 “Canada’s big-city mayors are The top 5 issues facing future industrial lands wondering: After the stimulus, what’s next?” by Siri Agrell are: 1. Business attraction 2. Insufficient water/sewer capacity 3. Ecologically sensitive areas within or nearby 4. Lack of Transportation Access (with Traffic Congestion being a huge issue for urban and suburban respondents) 5. Conflicting land uses Addressing the Issues Clearly, addressing our infrastructure deficit and supporting better land use planning are key to ensuring that Canada’s industrial lands continue to be competitive, generate jobs, and remain community assets even as communities strive to meet a growing list of sustainability objectives. Ensuring that Canada’s industrial lands are well-planned, efficient, and properly serviced will in turn help communities attract and retain business, although other measures are likely required. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 17. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 13 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Setting Sustainable Communities have indicated that they intend Objectives for the Future: to tackle some of these issues. The top five By-product Synergy objectives communities plan to set in the Community Spotlight: Belledune Port Authority, NB next two years are: 1. Upgrade water/sewer capacity The Belledune Port Authority “encourages local industries to look 2. Encourage infill or intensification at their by-products to see if 3. Improve transportation access marketable products can be sent to 4. Attract clean, ‘green’ business other industries, rather than creating landfills”. 5. Encourage green buildings Promoting by-product exchange such There are some other strategies as well. For as this builds relationships within the business community, turns waste existing lands, comprehensive sustainability- into resources, and has the potential driven revitalization strategies, such as the to generate significant cost savings. one to create the Pearson Eco-Business Zone in Greater Toronto (see sidebar page 7) can help to reduce demand for water, wastewater treatment, and transportation. Such efforts could also include formal business retention and expansion initiatives designed to promote Setting Sustainable sustainability, reduce business operating Objectives for the Future: costs, and create a more attractive, Sustainable Community Plans competitive business environment. Such eco- Community Spotlight: Ville de industrial ‘retrofit’ strategies can also reduce Salaberry-de-Valleyfield, QC the impact of businesses on nearby ecologically sensitive areas e.g., by helping In addition to multiple actions businesses to change the way they manage related to encouraging green buildings and development, stormwater. including in the industrial sector, the City is working with For existing and future lands, strong local multiple community partners, government policy and leadership is key. such as the Chamber of Local governments clearly recognize that Commerce, the Port of and the College of Valleyfield to develop their offiical plans and zoning bylaws are an industrial environmental powerful tools to encourage sustainability in network to promote recycling industrial lands. However, economic and improve its business development strategies, industrial land retention and expansion strategies, integrated community program. sustainabiliity plans, and community energy For more information view the Action plans also can help greatly, yet appear to be Plan at: http://www.ville.valleyfield .qc.ca/webc quite underutilized. oncepteurcontent63/000022410000/upl oad/PADD-E-WEBfinale16mars2010.pdf For the one-quarter of respondents who own their future industrial lands, they have the ability to actually lead change for sustainability by developing those lands as © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 18. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 14 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  eco-industrial parks or similar. As owners, they will be able to make the decisions to ensure that from master planning through to the construction of infrastructure and operation of businesses, sustainability is a Setting Sustainable core value. Objectives for the Future: Area Concept Planning Community Spotlight: A Final Thought - What is the True Magnitude Terrace, BC of Water / Sewer Capacity Issues? The community of Terrace, BC The same formulas have been used for “adopted an Area Concept Plan that incorporates large buffer decades to project how much infrastructure zones / natural areas, and how much land is required to support a pedestrian/cycle trail linkages, certain number of jobs in a community. water conservation / low water These formulas do not take into account an use development, groundwater evolution in building types (such as the recharge for stormwater, etc.” increased marketing penetration of green and For more information adaptive building practices) or the evolution view the Terrace OCP at www.terrace.ca in business practices (such as energy and water conservation, facility sharing, and telecommuting) that reduce businesses’ demand for infrastructure. Efforts to intensify industrial land use should consider that the relationship between required industrial lands required and jobs is likely to shift over time as more suitable green building and business practices become more prevalent, as shown hypothetically below. Employment Land Area Vs Job Growth 550 500 Employmnt Land (acres) 450 400 350 Acres ‐ BAU 300 Acres ‐ Green 250 200 10,000 12,000 14,000 16,000 18,000 20,000 Jobs Possible Impact of Green & Adaptable Building and Business Practices on Employment Land Requirements © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 19. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 15 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Expand Your Wastewater  In addition, creative options such as water Capacity with No New Capital  capacity cap and trades (being considered in   Alberta’s Industrial Heartland) or technical There are numerous examples  re-rating of infrastructure capacity (see where process optimization and  sidebar) that can allow for existing statistical analysis of actual  operational data has resulted in a  infrastructure to meet the increased demand wastewater treatment plant  that may result from intensification. being re‐rated for a higher  capacity. For example, one  Furthermore, in our experience, engineering municipality was able to boost its  standards for estimating capacity capacity rating by 12% without  having to invest new capital in  requirements do not necessarily reflect the plant, and was able to  current reality; many demand estimates are significantly defer the  overstated because they don’t account for the construction of a new plant   change in business practices and the shift in   (Leaf & Johnson, Proceedings of the  the types of businesses we find in industrial Water Environment Federation, WEFTEC  lands compared to 50 years ago. Furthermore, 2008: Session 1 through Session 10 , pp.  331‐338(8)).  the demand for infrastructure varies widely,   and it might make sense to consider demand on a case by case basis. Consider, for example, the variation shown in water consumption at several business parks in the Metro Toronto area shown in the figure below.     F i g u r e 2 : V a r i a t i o n in Water Consumption at Business Parks across Metro Toronto   Setting Sustainable Objectives for the Future: Green Industrial Parks Community Spotlight: Moncton, NB Although not labeled as an eco-industrial park, Moncton Industrial Park West has been designed to be more environmentally attuned than past developments. This industrial park includes LED streetlighting and localized storm water detention facilities. Specifications require new individual projects to manage their storm water on-site in order to ensure net zero impact on the municipal storm system. A custom guide promotes environmentally sensitive landscaping treatments and integrating storm water management into landscape design. An incentive in the form of a 5% rebate on the purchase price rewards projects that incorporate specific environmentally beneficial components in their landscaping, building design and materials, and heating systems. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 20. 2011 State of Sustainability Report: 16 A Local Government Perspective on Canada’s Industrial Lands  Conclusion While many communities report some progress, there is clearly much work to be done to ensure that Canada’s industrial lands become part of a sustainable community. ‘Soft’ investments are needed to develop appropriate policy and support sustainability- driven revitalization and business attraction / retention efforts, work which often requires outside expertise to complete. ‘Hard’ investments are needed to not just replace infrastructure, but replace it with infrastructure that further helps businesses to operate more efficiently and reduce their impact on the environment. We hope that subsequent surveys show that these investments are being made, or Canada risks its industrial lands losing competitiveness and hampering national efforts to achieve sustainable communities. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 21. We would like to acknowledge thank the survey participants for contributing their valuable time and insights to this survey. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd. 
  • 22. Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd. 2001-2011: Celebrating 10 years of Global Eco-Industrial Leadership EIS is the only firm in Canada specializing exclusively in eco-industrial planning and development. We have been involved in creating sustainable municipal policy in communities across Canada for the past decade, and we bring a breadth of experience to green industrial efforts that includes eco-industrial strategies; energy mapping; green economic development; policy tools for sustainability (including the promotion of renewable energy and GHG-reducing activities); and municipal-business partnerships to support green building and energy. As pioneers in the field of industrial ecology and sustainable development practices, our firm has consulted on over $500 million in projects for government and private corporations in Canada, the U.S.A., Asia, Mexico, South America, and the Middle East. We have learned firsthand the challenges municipalities face setting targets, developing sustainable plans, and measuring the performance of their communities. We believe in working collaboratively with our clients to provide solutions that are tailored to their unique economic, social and environmental objectives. Our systems-based approach incorporates leading expertise in eco- industrial networking, industrial ecology, green infrastructure, and strategic planning. We take pride in producing results that are both practical and creative. Eco-Business Zone Alliance (EBZA) Eco-Industrial Solutions is a member of the Intelleco Development Corporation EBZA, a group of sustainability professionals Intelleco was formed by Herold Development who assist businesses to 'green' their bottom- Services Ltd. and Eco-Industrial Solutions Ltd. line, gain competitive advantage, and reduce to seek more active roles in Canadian, U.S., their environmental footprint. We are joined in and international industrial development this alliance by The Innovolve Group, offering projects with strong sustainability elements. As sustainability strategy development, EIS’ sister firm, Intelleco is structured to offer communications, design, brand management a full spectrum of support to development and event planning to lead transformative projects including: alternative soft cost market change; and the Sustainability Learning financing arrangements; development Centre, a learning, networking, and technology management services; development strategic transfer hub that develops human and advisory services; and investment partnerships. technical capacity in Green Core Competencies™ in the Industrial, Commercial and Institutional sectors. © Eco‐Industrial Solutions Ltd.