measurement_of_national_income.pdf

jk’Vªh; vk; dk ys[kkadu
L - 3
vH;kl ds iz”u
Presented by
Mr. Pradeep Negi (Lecturer-Economics)
Govt. Inter College BHEL Hardwar
Uttrakhand India

iz0 1 & jk’Vªªh; vk; fdls dgrs gSA jk’Vªªh; vk; vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa D;k lEcU/k gS
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj
jk’Vªªh; vk; dk vFkZ] ifjHkk’kk rFkk fo”ks’krk,W&
,d vFkZO;oLFkk esa] ,d o’kZ esa iSnk lHkh vfUre oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dk ekSfnzd ewY; gS ftldh
x.kuk] nksgjh x.kuk ds fcuk dh tkrh gSA ;g x.kuk izpfyr dherksa ij dh tkrh gS rFkk blesa
fons”kksa ls izkIr “kq) lk/ku lfEEkfyr dh tkrh gSA
vU; ifjHkk’kk &
izkS0 ek”kZy ds vuqlkj & “ns”k ds izkd`frd lk/kuksa ij Je vkSj iwWth }kjk dk;Z djus ij izfro’kZ
HkkSfrd ,oa vHkkSfrd oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dk mRiknu gksrk gSA bu lcdh “kq) mRifŸk dk ;ksx
jk’Vªh; vk; dgykrh gSA”
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
lef’V vFkZ”kkL= vH;kl ds iz”u

Exit
Class - XII
jk’Vªªh; vk; dh fo”ks’krk,W &
1- ;g iSnk dh xbZ lHkh vfUre oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dk ekSfnzd ewY; gksrk gSA
2- ;g ns”k ds lHkh fuokfl;ksa dh vk; dks “kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA
3- vk; dh x.kuk nksgjh x.kuk ds fcuk dh tkrh gSA
4- ,d ys[kk o’kZ ds fy, dh tkrh gSA
5- blesa vizR;{k dj “kkfey ugha gksrsA
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

jk’Vªªh; vk; vkSj vkfFkZd fodkl esa lEcU/k
Exit
Class - XII
jk’Vªªh; vk; ,d vFkZO;oLFkk esa vkfFkZd izxfr ds ckjs esa egRoiw.kZ tkudkjh nsrk gSA jk’Vªªh; vk; ,oa vkfFkZd
fodkl esa /kfu’B lEcU/k ik;k tkrk gSA mPp izfr O;fDr vk; okyk ns”k fuEu izfr O;fDr vk; okyk ns”k dh
vis{k vf/kd fodkflr ekuk tkrk gSA jk’Vªªh; vk; esa o`f} ls fdlh Hkh ns”k ds vkfFkZd dY;k.k esa o`f} gksrh gSA
ftlls miHkksx ds fy, vf/kd ek=k esa oLrq,W o lsok,W miyC/k gks tkrh gS blls vf/kd vkfFkZd dY;k.k esa o`f}
gksrh gSA blds foifjr jk’Vªªh; vk; esa deh ls fdlh Hkh ns”k ds vkfFkZd dY;k.k esa deh gksrh gS ftlls
miHkksx ds fy, de ek=k esa oLrq,W o lsok,W miyC/k gks tkrh gS ftldk ns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkk rFkk vkfFkZd
fodkl esa izfrdwy izHkko iM+rk gS vkSj ns”k dh fodkl nj /kheh gks tkrh gS ftlls ns”k ds m/kksx] jkstxkj]
dherksa] O;kikj vkfn ij izfrdwy izHkko iM+rk gSA
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
Next

iz0 2 & jk’Vªªh; vk; dh fofHkUu LkadYiukvksa dks la{ksi esa Li’V dhft,
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj
1- dqy jk’Vªh; mRIkkn (GNP) & ,d vFkZO;oLFkk esa] ,d o’kZ esa iSnk lHkh vfUre oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dk
ekSfnzd ewY; gS ftldh x.kuk] nksgjh x.kuk ds fcuk dh tkrh gSA ;g x.kuk cktkjh izpfyr dherksa ij dh
tkrh gSA
2- dqy /kjsyw mRIkkn (GDP) & fdlh ns”k esa ,d o’kZ dh vof/k esa ftu oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dk mRiknu fd;k
tkrk gS] muds ekSfnzd ewY; dks gh /kjsyw mRikn dgrs gSA bl ewY; esa ls fonsf”k;ksa }kjk vftZr vk; dks /kVk
fn;k tkrk gSa vkSj fons”kksa ls izkIr vk; dks tksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA
lw= & dqy /kjsyw mRIkkn (GDP) = dqy jk’Vªh; mRikn & ¼fu;kZr & vk;kr ewY;½
3- “kq) jk’Vªh; mRIkkn (NNP) & dqy jk’Vªh; mRikn Eksa ls ewY;âl dks /kVk nsus ls “ks’k cprk gS mls “kq)
jk’Vªh; mRikn dgrs gSA
lw= & “kq) jk’Vªh; mRikn = dqy jk’Vªh; mRikn & ewY;âl
jk’Vªªh; vk; dh fofHkUu ladYiuk,W&
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

Exit
Class - XII
4- “kq) /kjsyw mRIkkn (NDP) & fdlh ns”k esa ,d o’kZ dh vof/k esa ns”k ds vius gh lk/kuksa }kjk mRikfnr
oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa ds dqy ekSfnzd ewY; esa ls ;fn f/klkoV O;; vFkok ewy;âkl O;; /kVk fn;k rks tks “ks’k
cprk gS] mls “kq) /kjsyw mRIkkn dgrs gSA
lw= & “kq) /kjsyw mRIkkn (NDP) = dqy /kjsyw mRikn & f/klkoV O;;
5- Lkk/ku ykxr ij “kq) jk’Vªh; vk; (NNIFC) & Ckktkj ewY;ksa ij fo”kq) jk’Vªªh; mRikn Eksa ls ijks{k dj
/kVkus o vkfFkZd lgk;rk tksM+us ls tks jkf”k vkrh gS] og lk/ku ykxr ij fo”kq) jk’Vªªh; mRikn dgykrh gSA
bls gh ns”k dh jk’Vªªh; vk; dgk tkrk gSA
lw= & jk’Vªh; vk; = “kq) jk’Vªh; mRikn & ijks{k dj + vkfFkZd lgk;rk
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

Exit
Class - XII
6- oS;fDrd vk; (Personal Income) &,d o’kZ dh vof/k esa ,d ns”k ds lHkh O;fDr ;k ifjokj ftruh
vk; okLro esa izkIr djrs gS] mu lHkh vk;ksa ds ;ksx dks oS;fDrd vk; dgrs gSA blds vUrZxr ge etnwjh]
osru] C;kt] yxku rFkk ykHkka”k vkfn dks lfEEkfyr djrs gSA
jk’Vªªh; vk; esa ls oS;fDr vk; fudkyus ds fy,A
lw= & oS;fDrd vk; = jk’Vªh; vk; & ¼lkekftd lqj{kk dVkSrh + la;qDr iwWth okyh dEifu;k ds ykHk &
gLrkUrfjr HkqxrkuA
7 miHkksx vk; (Disposable Income) & O;fDr rFkk ifjokjksa ds ikl tks oS;fDrd vk; gksrh gS] og lc
miHkksx dk;ksZ ij O;; ugha dh tkrh] vk; dk ,d Hkkx oS;fDrd djksa ds :i esa ljdkj dks Hkqxrku djuk
gksrk gS vkSj tks Hkkx “ks’k cpk jgrk gS] miHkksx ds dke vkrk gSA
lw= & miHkksX; vk; = oS;fDrd vk; & oS;fDrd dj
ijUrq ;g vko”;d ughaa gS fd miHkksX; vk; iwjh rjg ls miHkksx ij O;; dj nh tk,A tks O;fDr viuh vk;
dk dqN Hkkx cpk ysrs gS mls cpr dgrs gSA
lw= & miHkksX; vk; = miHkksX; + cpr
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

iz03 & jk’Vªªh; vk; dh x.ku fof/k;kW fyf[k, A
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj
jk’Vªªh; vk; dh x.ku fof/k;kW
mRiknu
iz.kkyh
vk;
iz.kkyh
fefJr
iz.kkyh
O;;
iz.kkyh
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

Exit
Class - XII
1- mRiknu iz.kkyh & bl iz.kkyh esa ns”k ds leLr m|ksxksa] d`f’k rFkk vU; izdkj ds O;olk;ksa dh
dqy mit dk ewY; pkyw dherksa ij fudkyk tkrk gS vkSj blls py o vpy izfrLFkkiu /kVkdj
tks “kq) mRifŸk cprh gS] ogh ml o’kZ dh jk’Vªh; vk; gksrh gSA bldk iz;ksx ogkW fd;k tkrk gS
tgkW ij vkWdM+s miyC/k gksrks gSA
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

Exit
Class - XII
2- vk; iz.kkyh & bl iz.kkyh ds vUrxZr jk’Vªh; vk; dk vuqeku ns”k ds fofHkUu o;fDr;ksa ds nks
oxksZ dh vk; tksM+dj fd;k tkrk gSA blesa loZizFke vk; dks ikWp oxksZ esa foHkkftr fd;k tkrk gSA
Next
1- dpZpkfj;ksa dk osru
2- xSj&dEiuh O;kikjksaa dh vk;
3- O;fDr;ksa dh fdjk, dh vk;
4- dEifu;ksa ds ykHk
5- C;kt ls vk;
mijksDr lHkh vk; dks tksM+dj jk’Vªh; vk; Kkr dj yh tkrh gSA
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

Exit
Class - XII
3- fefJr iz.kkyh & bl iz.kkyh ds vUrxZr mRiknu jhfr o vk; jhfr nksuksa dk gh iz;ksx fd;k
tkrk gSa A ftu m|ksxksa O;olk;ksa esa mRiknu ls lEcfU/kr vkWdM+s miyC/k gksrs gS mudh mit dk
ewY; dks Kkr djus ds fy, mRiknu iz.kkyh dk iz;kssx fd;k tkrk gS rFkk ftu O;olk;ksa esa ;s
vkWdM+sa miyC/k ugha gksrs] muesa vk; Kkr djus ds fy, vk; iz.kkyh dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

Exit
Class - XII
4- O;; iz.kkyh & bl iz.kkyh ds vUrxZr jk’Vªh; vk; dks Kkr djus ds fy, o’kZ Hkj esa oLRkqvksa o
lsokvksa ij fd, tkus okys dqy O;; dks tksM+k dks tksM+k tkrk gSA O;; nks enksa ij fd;k tkrk gSA
1- miHkksx OkLrq ij O;;
2- fuos”k oLrqvksa ij O;;A
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

iz0 4 & jk’Vªªh; vk; dh ifjHkk’kk nhft,A blds ekius esa fdu dfBukb;ksa dk lkeuk
djuk iM+rk gS
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj jk’Vªªh; vk; dh IkfjHkk’kk
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
jk’Vªªh; vk; dk vFkZ rFkk ifjHkk’kk
x.kuk] nksgjh x.kuk ds fcuk dh tkrh gSA ;g x.kuk izpfyr dherksa ij dh tkrh gS rFkk blesa
fons”kksa ls izkIr “kq) lk/ku lfEEkfyr dh tkrh gSA
vU; ifjHkk’kk &

Exit
Class - XII
1- i;kZIr ,oa fo”oluh; vkWdM+ksa dk vHkkoA
2- O;kolkf;d fof”k’Vhdj.k dk vHkkoA
3- mRiknu ds dqN Hkkx dh x.kuk djuk dfBu gksukA
4- dqN oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa dk jk’Vªh; vk; ds vUrZxr fu/kkZj.k dk vHkkoA
5- ns”k esa vkS|ksfxd Jerk dk iw.kZ mi;ksx u gksukA
6- ljdkj }kjk yxk;s x;s dj rFkk O;; ds dkj.k jk’Vªh; vk; dh x.kuk esa dfBukbZ mRiUu gksukA
7- ns”k esa izkd`frd rFkk ekuoh lalk/kuksa dk leqfpr mi;ksx u gksukA
8- lkekftd o vkfFkZd fiNM+kiu rFkk f”k{kk rFkk tx:drk dk vHkkoA
9- nksgjh x.kuk dh leL;kA
10-vekSfnzd {ks= dk izHkkoA
Hkkjr dh jk’Vªªh; vk; x.kuk esaa gksus okyh dfBukb;kW&
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

iz0 5 & jk’Vªªh; vk; o izfr O;fDr vk; esa D;k vUrj gksrk gS
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj jk’Vªªh; vk; o izfr O;fDr vk; esa vUrj
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
jk’Vªªh; vk;
x.kuk] nksgjh x.kuk ds fcuk dh tkrh gSA jk’Vªh; vk; vFkZO;oLFkk esa mRikfnr fofHkUUk oLrqvksa
,oa lsokvkssa dh ek=k dk ;ksx gksrh gSA
vU; ifjHkk’kk &

Exit
Class - XII
jk’Vªªh; vk; o izfr O;fDr vk; esa vUrj
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
izfr O;fDr vk; & izfr O;fDr vk; vFkZO;oLFkk dh vkSlr vk; ds ckjs esa crkrh gSA vFkZO;oLFkk
dh dqy vk; ls dqy tula[;k dks Hkkx nsdj izfr O;fDr vk; dks Kkr fd;k tkrk gSA
dqy jk’Vªh; vk;
lw= & izfr O;fDr vk; =
dqy tul[;k

iz0 6 & jk’Vªªh; vk; dh x.kuk dk D;k egÙko gS
Exit
Class - XII Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
jk’Vªªh; vk; dk egÙo
1- jk’Vªªh; vk; fdlh Hkh ns”k dh vFkZO;oLFkk ds ckjs lgh tkudkjh nsrk gSA blls m|ksxksa] d`f’k]
lsokvksa vkfn dh tkudkjh izkIr gksrh gSA
2- jk’Vªªh; vk; dh lgk;rk ls nks ;k nks ls vf/kd ns”kksa dh vFkZo;oLFkk] izfrO;fDr vk;] jk’Vªªh; vk;
vkfn dk rqyukRed v/;;u fd;k tk ldrk gSA
3- jk’Vªªh; vk; ds vk¡dM+s fdlh ns”k dh vkfFkZd izxfr ds lwpd gksrs gSA buds }kjk mRiknu rFkk
vU; {ks=ksa esa gqbZ izxfr dk vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gSA
4- jk’Vªªh; vk; ls ge fdlh ns”k ds fuokfl;ksa ds jgu&lgu ds Lrj ds ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIr gksrk
gSA
5- jk’Vªªh; vk; ds vuqeku ds v/kkj ij fdlh Hkh ns”k dh ljdkj Hkkoh ;kstukvksa dk fuekZ.k djrh gSA
6- ljdkj dh vkfFkZd uhfr ns”k dh jk’Vªªh; vk; ij fuHkZj djrh gSA
7- jk’Vªªh; vk; ds vk¡dM+ksa ds vk/kkj ij gh ctV dk fuekZ.k fd;k tkrk gSA
8- jk’Vªªh; vk; ls ns”k ds vkfFkZd fodkl dh Hkkoh izo`fÙk dk vuqeku yxk;k tk ldrk gSA blds
lkFk&lkFk jkstxkj o vk; ds Lrj ds ckjs esa tkudkjh izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA

iz0 7 & ldy /kjsyw mRikn vkSj ldy jk’Vªªh; mRikn esa D;k vUrj gksrk gS
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj ldy /kjsyw mRikn vkSj ldy jk’Vªªh; mRikn esa vUrj
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

iz0 8 & jk’Vªªh; vk; vkSj oS;fäd vk; esa D;k vUrj gksrk gS
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj jk’Vªªh; vk; vkSj oS;fäd vk; esa vUrj
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

iz0 9 & futh vk; vkSj oS;fäd vk; esa D;k vUrj gksrk gS
Exit
Class - XII
mŸkj futh vk; vkSj oS;fäd vk; esa vUrj
Next
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics

iz01- jk’Vªh; vk; fdls dgrs gS
m0 izkS0 ek”kZy ds vuqlkj & “ns”k ds izkd`frd lk/kuksa ij Je vkSj iwWth }kjk dk;Z djus ij izfro’kZ
HkkSfrd ,oa vHkkSfrd oLrqvksa vkSj lsokvksa dk mRiknu gksrk gSA bu lcdh “kq) mRifŸk dk ;ksx jk’Vªh;
vk; dgykrh gSA”
iz02- izfr O;fDr vk; fdls dgrs gS
m0 dy vk; dks dqy tula[;k ls Hkkx nsus ls tks vk; izkIr gksrh gS mls izfr O;fDr vk; dgrs gSA
iz03- gLrkUrj.k vk; fdls dgrs gS
m0 ;g ,di{kh; Hkqxrku gSA ;g fcuk fdlh oLRkq ;k lsok d cnys izkIr gksrh gSA
iz04- OkS;fDrd vk; D;k gS
m0 ,d o’kZ dh vof/k esa ,d ns”k ds lHkh O;fDr ;k ifjokj ftruh vk; okLro esa izkIr djrs gS mu
lHkh vk; ds ;ksx dks oS;fDrd vk; dgrs gSA
iz05- jk’Vªh; iz;ksT; vk; D;k gS
m0 jk’Vªªh; iz;ksT; vk; jk’Vªªh; vk;] vizR;[k dj rFkk “ks’k fo”o ls izkIr “kq) vk; dk ;ksx gksrk gSA
National Income and
related aggregates
Macro Economics
lef’V vFkZ”kkL=
Exit
Class - XII Next

Mr. Pradeep Negi
Lecturer – Economics
School – Govt. Inter College BHEL
Sector 1, Hardwar Uttrakhand.
Mob – 9720893445
Email – pradeepnegi70@rediffmail.com
pradeepnegieconomics@gmail.com
Blog – http://pradeepnegieconomics.blogspot.com (learning activity for students)
Web – http://learningadvanceeconomics.weebly.com (Learning activity for students)
Web - http://exploring-e-economic.weebly.com (Learning e-economics in Hindi)
Web – http://pradeepnegi.weebly.com (My Profile)
Web - http://pradeepnegieconomics.wikispaces.com (Students Project Activity)
Web - http://modelgicbhelhardwar.weebly.com (Creating School Web site)
Joined me

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measurement_of_national_income.pdf