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‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬
‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬
‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬
‫ﺟوﯾﻠﯾﺔ‬2015
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬2
‫اﻟﻔﮭﺮس‬
‫اﻟﻣﻘدﻣﺔ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3
1.‫طﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫وأﺑرز‬‫ﻋﻧﺎوﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫وﻋﻧﺎﺻر‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬------------------------------------------------------------4
‫أ‬.‫ﺗواﻓق‬‫واﺳﻊ‬‫ﺣول‬‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻛﺑرى‬-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4
‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬:‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫إﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫وﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬------------------------------------------------------------------4
‫ت‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬:‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﺟدﯾد‬‫وﻣﺎ‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﯾﮫ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫وﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫وﺷراﻛﺎت‬------------------6
‫ث‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬:‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬----------------------------------------------------------------------8
2.‫اﻟﺗﻌﻘﯾدات‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺔ‬--------------------------------------------------------------------------------11
‫أ‬.ُ‫ك‬‫ﺗﺷﺎﺑ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫واﻟﺟدل‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﻋﻧﺻر‬‫ﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬-------------------------------------------------------------------------------11
‫ب‬.‫ﺗﻘﺎطﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13
3.‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﻌﻧﻰ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫ﺑﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬-----------------------------------------------------14
‫أ‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﺗرﺳم‬‫اﻟطرﯾق‬‫وﺗﺿﺑط‬‫ﻧﺳق‬‫اﻟﺗﻘدم‬‫ﻓﯾﮫ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------14
‫ب‬.‫ﺧطورة‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎر‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺟزﺋﯾﺔ‬‫وﺿرورة‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬----------------------------------------------15
‫ت‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﺗﺳﺗدﻋﻲ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬‫و‬‫ﺣﻠوﻻ‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إطﺎر‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬-----------------------------------------------------15
‫ث‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدات‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻗﺿﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺷروع‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬------------------------------------------------------------------16
4.‫ﻣﺿﺎﻣﯾن‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫واﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬---------------------------------------------------------------------16
‫أ‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16
‫ب‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17
‫ت‬.‫اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19
‫ث‬.‫اﻟﺣوﻛﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻸﺟﻧدة‬-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21
5.‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﯾﺢ‬‫ﻧﺟﺎح‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬(Facteurs Clés de Succès)-------------------------------------------------------------------21
‫أ‬.‫ﻋدم‬‫اﻟﺗﻌوﯾل‬‫اﻟﺣﺻري‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺷرﻋﯾﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬------------------------------------------------------------21
‫ب‬.‫ﺗﻧﻘﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺧﺎت‬‫ﺗﯾﺳﯾرا‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫وﺧدﻣﺔ‬‫ﻟﻸﺟﻧدات‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------22
‫ت‬.‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻧدراج‬‫ھﺎدئ‬‫ﻟﻠﻧﻣوذج‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﯾﺟﻧب‬‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬‫وﯾﺳﺗﻔﯾد‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻔرص‬-------------22
‫ث‬.‫اﻟﺧطﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗواﺻﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣراﻓﻘﺔ‬:‫ﺧﻠق‬‫اﻟوﻋﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫دون‬‫اﻟﺳﻘوط‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻛﺎرﺛﯾﺔ‬-------------------------------------------------------22
‫اﻟﺧﺎﺗﻣﺔ‬:‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬‫واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
‫أھم‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
‫اﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23
‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺎت‬‫ﺧﺗﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬3
‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬
‫ﺗﻌﯾش‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻛﺑرى‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ،‫وأﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬ ‫ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ُﻔﺎﻗم‬‫ﯾ‬ ،‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻧطﻘﺔ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺟوار‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺄزوﻣﺔ‬.
‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻘﯾدا‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫وﯾزﯾد‬‫ﺗﻌﯾﺷ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻛل‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺎت‬‫ﺗﻘرﯾﺑﺎ‬‫ﻣن‬‫دراﻣﺎﺗﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗطورات‬:
-‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬،‫اﻷﺧﯾرة‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺷﻛﻠت‬‫اﻷﺣداث‬ ‫ﺟﻐراﻓﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎرﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘطﺔ‬
)‫اﻟﻣدن‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬(‫وطﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻷھداف‬)‫اﻷﺟﺎﻧب‬ ‫اﺳﺗﮭداف‬(‫اﻷﻋﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗﻘطﺑﯾن‬ ‫واﻟﺗدرﯾب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺷﺋﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﺳﺎﻟك‬
‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬)‫اﻟﻣﻧﻔردة‬ ‫اﻟذﺋﺎب‬(.‫اﻷﺣداث‬ ‫ﺗﻠك‬ ‫ﻛﺷﻔت‬ ‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫ﻟﻠظﺎھرة‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺻدي‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﺗزاﯾد‬‫ﻛﻠﻣﺎ‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺟذرت‬‫اﻟﻼﻧظﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬)asymétrie(‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫أدا‬‫ؤ‬‫وﺿرﺑﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬،
-‫و‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺗﺟﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻣﻧظم‬ ‫وﻏﯾر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظم‬ ‫وﺟﮭﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬،‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣﯾز‬‫ت‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺑﻛﺛﺎﻓﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﯾرة‬ ‫ﺗﺣرﻛﺎت‬
‫وﺣدﺗﮭﺎ‬‫و‬‫ﺗﺟﺎوزھﺎ‬‫ﺣدود‬‫ا‬‫ﻣﻌﺗﺎدة‬ ‫ﻏﯾر‬)‫ﻣﻘﺎطﻌﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺳﻔﺎط‬ ‫إﻧﺗﺎج‬ ‫ﺷل‬،‫اﻻﻣﺗﺣﺎﻧﺎت‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﻹداري‬ ‫اﻹﺿراب‬(...،
-‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﻛذﻟك‬‫ﺗﻧظﯾم‬ ‫ﺗﺣول‬ ،"‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬"‫اﻟﻌﻧﺎﺻر‬ ‫أﺣد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﯾﺑﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟدﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﮭﯾﻛﻠﺔ‬
‫داﺧﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧف‬.
‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺣدﺗ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺷﻌور‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻌﻣق‬ ،‫ﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺗﯾﺑﺎت‬ ‫وﺑﯾن‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬ ‫ﺑﻌدم‬‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺗﮭﺎ‬‫واﻟﺗﻲ‬ ،‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺻف‬
‫ﻋﻣوﻣﺎ‬‫و‬ ‫واﻟﺑطء‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟرﺧﺎوة‬‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬.‫ﻋواﻣل‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﻌود‬‫ﻋدﯾدة‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬‫ﺗﺧﻠف‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣددة‬
‫وﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗراح‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫دورھﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻌب‬ ‫ﻋن‬‫واﻟﺗﺄطﯾر‬‫واﻟ‬،‫دﻓﻊ‬‫اﻧﺷﻐﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺣﻛم‬‫ﺑﺄوﺿﺎﻋﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺗﺄھﯾل‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻘﺗﺿﯾﮫ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺗﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬‫أدوار‬‫ھﺎ‬‫اﻟذي‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬ ‫وﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬‫ﺳﻣﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﺣ‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗور‬‫ﯾﺳﺗوﺟب‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھو‬ ،‫ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﺟﮭدا‬
‫ووﻗﺗﺎ‬ ‫وإﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺎت‬‫ﯾﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫إﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬.
‫أﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟﻼﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬ ‫ھذا‬‫واﻟﺗرﺗﯾﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫و‬‫أﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟورﻗﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﺗﺳﻌﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫إﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺗرﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘدﯾم‬‫ﺗﺳﻣﺢ‬
‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫واﻟﺑطء‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﺧﺎء‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫وﻣﻐﺎﻟﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﻧﮭوض‬‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬.‫ﻓ‬‫اﻟورﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺑدأ‬‫ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬‫دﻗﯾق‬
‫ﻟطﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬1(،‫ﺛم‬‫ﺗﺗﻌرض‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﺎﺻر‬‫ﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫وﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻔردة‬‫ﺗﺷﺎﺑﻛﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫وﻣﺗﻘﺎطﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬2(‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﻛﯾد‬‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎطﻲ‬ ‫ﺧطورة‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺷﻛل‬‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬،‫و‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬‫ﺿرورة‬
‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫رﻏم‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺑﺎﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ھذه‬‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫طﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫وﺣﻠوﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﺣﺗﯾﺎﺟﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬،‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟورﻗﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺧﻠص‬‫ﺿرورة‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻓر‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬3(‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﺗﻘدم‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺗرﺣﺎت‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻌﻠق‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣﺿﺎﻣﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫وھﻧدﺳﺗﮭﺎ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬4(‫ﻧﺟﺎﺣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﯾﺢ‬ ‫وأھم‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬5(.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬4
1.‫طﺒﯿﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬‫وأ‬‫ﺑﺮز‬‫ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻨﮭﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﻘﯿﺪ‬ ‫وﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬
‫أ‬.‫واﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ‬‫ﺣﻮل‬‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻛﺒﺮى‬
‫ﺣﺻل‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫أوﻟوﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﺧﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻟدى‬ ‫واﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺗواﻓق‬‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬:
-‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫ھو‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬،
-‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوي‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫ﺣول‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻣﺣور‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫إﻧﺟﺎز‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑر‬‫ى‬،
-‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺗﻣﺛل‬.
ُ‫ﻌ‬‫ﺟﻣﯾ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫وﺗﺑﻘﻰ‬‫ﮭﺎ‬‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﺗطور‬ ‫ﺣﺳب‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫وإن‬.
‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪي‬:‫ا‬‫ﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎل‬‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ‬ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬
‫ﻧظﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫أﺳﻘطت‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺑداد‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﻣرﻛزة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋم‬‫واﺣدة‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)‫اﻟرﺋﯾس‬/‫اﻟﺣزب‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﻛم‬(...‫و‬ ،‫أطﻠﻘت‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬)‫ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾطﻠق‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬(،‫ﺟوھرھﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ُ‫ة‬‫إﻋﺎد‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫ﻟﻠﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬
‫اﻟﺣرﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﯾﺿﻣن‬ ‫ﺑوﺟﮫ‬‫واﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔردﯾﺔ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺑداد‬ ‫ﻋودة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫وﯾﻘطﻊ‬.
‫وﻗد‬ِ‫ة‬‫إﻋﺎد‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻛت‬‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫و‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫ﻣﺳﺎرا‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣﺣطﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدة‬ ‫ﻓﯾﮫ‬ ‫أﻧﺟزت‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ،‫دﺳﺗور‬2014
‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷود‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟم‬ ‫وﺣدد‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﻓق‬ ‫رﺳم‬ ‫اﻟذي‬.
‫و‬‫ﯾﻌﺗﻣد‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬‫ﻹ‬‫ﻋﺎدة‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺎس‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬:
-‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋدد‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬‫وﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻛل‬)‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬ ‫ﻧواب‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠس‬(...،
-‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋدد‬‫اﻵﻟﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ‬)‫ﻛ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻧظم‬(...‫واﻹﺟراءات‬)‫اﻟﻧﺻوص‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾﺑﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬(...،
-‫ّج‬‫ر‬‫ﻣﺗد‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت‬‫ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه‬‫اﻻ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣزﯾد‬‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺟﺎم‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘواﻋد‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬5
‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬‫طﻮﯾﻞ‬‫و‬‫ﻣﻌﻘﺪ‬
‫دﺳﺗور‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬2014،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺧوف‬ ‫ﻣﺳﻛوﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧت‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺧطر‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺑداد‬ ‫ودة‬‫ﻓﻛﺎن‬ ،‫ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬‫داﺧل‬
‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﻲ‬ ُ‫د‬ّ‫د‬‫اﻟﺗﻌ‬،‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ‬ ‫أي‬)‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬/‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬/
‫ﻣﺟﻠس‬‫ﻧواب‬‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬/‫ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬/‫اﻟﮭ‬‫ﯾﺋﺎت‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ‬/‫اﻟﺟﻣﺎﻋﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬...(،‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬‫ذﻟك‬‫ﯾﺳﺎھم‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻻﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻼﺣﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬ ‫وﯾﻣﻧﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠط‬ ‫ﻓﺻل‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬‫ﻟﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺑدأ‬ ‫ّس‬‫ر‬‫وﯾﻛ‬ ‫واﺣدة‬.
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬ ‫وﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬‫ﻋدﯾد‬‫ﻋﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫ات‬‫ﺟزﺋﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬)‫ﺧﺎﺻ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻛل‬(‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗﺿﻣن‬‫ﺑﻧﺎءھﺎ‬
‫ﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻛذﻟك‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻛل‬‫ﺗوﻓﯾر‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋد‬‫ﯾ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت‬ ‫د‬،‫ﯾﺗﻌﻠق‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﻹطﺎر‬)‫إﻋداد‬‫اﻟﻘواﻧﯾن‬‫وﻣﻧﺎﻗﺷﺗﮭﺎ‬
‫ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺻﺎدﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﺄﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟرأي‬ ‫وإﺑداء‬...(‫وﯾﻌﺗﺑر‬‫اﻟﺑﻌض‬‫اﻵﺧر‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت‬‫اﻻﺷﺗﻐﺎل‬)،‫اﻟﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ‬ ‫ھﯾﺎﻛل‬ ‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬
‫اﻟﺗﺟﮭﯾزات‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﻘر‬(...‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻧﺳﻰ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫دون‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬،‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫طﻠﯾﻌﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬‫و‬‫ﻣ‬‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬ ‫ﻧواب‬ ‫ﺟﻠس‬،
‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﺄھﯾل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬)‫ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﮭﯾﻛﻠﺔ‬‫وﻷ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣل‬ ‫ﺷﻛﺎل‬،‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوارد‬ ‫ﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬(...‫ﻟﺗﻘوم‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫اﻟوﺟﮫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑدورھﺎ‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬6
‫ھذا‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫أن‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻼﺣظ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﯾﺗﻘدم‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﻋﻣوﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟواﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺿﻐط‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻌل‬ ‫إﻻ‬)‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺎﻧون‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻛﮭﯾﺋﺔ‬(‫أو‬
‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧون‬ ‫ﺿﻐط‬)‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﻟﻠﻣﺣﻛﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﺟﺎل‬(،‫ُﺧﺷﻰ‬‫ﯾ‬‫و‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟدﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬
‫ﺗﮭﺎوﯾﮫ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫إھﻣﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷﺧرى‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫وﻏﻠﺑﺔ‬.
‫أﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻗﯿﺎدة‬‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺪم‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻖ‬ ‫وﺗﻀﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺋﺼﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻜﻤﻞ‬
‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫وإﯾﺟﺎد‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﺣ‬‫وﻣﻠ‬ ‫أﻛﯾدة‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧت‬ ‫ھﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫واﺿﺣﺔ‬‫ﺗﻘود‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬)Pilotage(‫وﺗدﻓﻊ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺋﺻﮫ‬ ‫وﺗﺳﺗدرك‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﺣو‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬:
-‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟ‬‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﺷﺗﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬،
-‫ﺑ‬‫ﺿﺑط‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫زﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺟدوﻟﺔ‬‫وﺗﻔرض‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ب‬ّ‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗر‬‫ﻧﺳﻘﺎ‬)Cadence(‫ﯾﺣدث‬‫اﻟدﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬.
‫ت‬.‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪي‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬:‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫واﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬‫وﻣﺎ‬‫ﯾﻘﺘﻀﯿ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎدﻻت‬
‫وﺗﻮاﻓﻘﺎت‬‫و‬‫ﺷﺮاﻛ‬‫ﺎت‬
‫واﻗﻊ‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد‬‫اﻟﺘﻮﻧﺴﻲ‬:‫اﻟﻤﺄزق‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮي‬‫واﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎوز‬
‫ظل‬‫أداء‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫ﺿﻌﯾﻔﺎ‬‫طوال‬‫اﻟﻌﻘد‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬،‫ﺣﯾث‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﺗﻣﻛن‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة‬‫ﻣن‬‫ھﺎﻣش‬‫اﻟﺗطور‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﺎح‬‫ﺑﺣﻛم‬
‫اﻟﺛورة‬‫اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣدﯾﺛﺔ‬‫و‬‫اﻻﻧدراج‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﺎﻟم‬‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌد‬‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺗﻣد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫اﻟﻣﻌرﻓﺔ‬.‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻘدر‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﺑﻌﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫ﻧﻘﻠﺔ‬‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫ﺣﻘﯾﻘﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﻣﻛن‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺗﺣﺳﯾن‬‫ﻣﺳﺗو‬‫ى‬‫اﻟﻌﯾش‬‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬‫ﻣﻠﺣوظ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻏرار‬‫ﻋدﯾد‬‫اﻟﺑﻠدان‬‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﻧﻣوھﺎ‬‫ﺷﺑﯾﮭﺎ‬‫ﺑﺗوﻧس‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑداﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺛﻣﺎﻧﯾﻧﺎت‬.
‫وﺗﻌﺑر‬‫ﻋن‬‫ھذا‬‫اﻟﺿﻌف‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﻲ‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺷرات‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬:
-‫ﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫ﺗدرﯾﺟﻲ‬‫ﻟﻧﺳب‬‫اﻟﻧﻣو‬‫ﻣﺗﺄت‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺗدﻧﻲ‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻌواﻣل‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج‬،
-‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﻧﺧﻔﺿﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫وﻧﻘص‬‫ﻓﺎدح‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺎھﻣﺔ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫اﻟﺧﺎص‬،
-‫ﻋﺟز‬‫ﺗﺟﺎري‬‫ﻣزﻣن‬‫أھم‬‫ﺳﻣﺎﺗﮫ‬‫اﻧﺧرام‬‫اﻟﻣﯾزان‬‫اﻟﻐذاﺋﻲ‬‫واﻟطﺎﻗﻲ‬‫وﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ‬‫ﺟدا‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺻﺎدرات‬‫اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ‬،‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻧﻔﺗﺎح‬‫ﺿﻌﯾف‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻷﺳواق‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة‬‫واﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﺷﺑﮫ‬‫ﻛﻠﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻋدد‬‫ﻣﺣدود‬‫ﻣن‬
‫اﻷﺳواق‬‫اﻷوروﺑﯾﺔ‬،
-‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺑطﺎﻟﺔ‬،‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻣﮭﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺻﻔوف‬‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬‫وأﺻﺣﺎب‬‫اﻟﺷﮭﺎدات‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﯾﺎ‬.
َ‫وﺻﺎﺣ‬َ‫ب‬‫ھذا‬‫اﻟﺿﻌف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ٌ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫اﻧﻔرادﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إدارة‬‫اﻟﺷﺄن‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ٌ‫ر‬‫وﺗﺟذ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﺳﺎد‬‫اﻟﻣﻣﻧﮭﺞ‬‫وﺣﯾف‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﺳﺗطﻊ‬
‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫إﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ‬‫اﻟﺛروة‬‫اﻟﺣد‬‫ﻣﻧﮫ‬،‫وﻛﺎن‬‫ﻣن‬‫أﺑرز‬‫ﺗﺟﻠﯾﺎﺗﮫ‬‫اﺧﺗﻼﻻت‬‫ﺟﮭوﯾﺔ‬‫ﻛﺑﯾرة‬‫ﻣﺗﻌددة‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬،‫واﻷوﺟﮫ‬‫ﻓﺎﻧطﻠﻘت‬
‫اﻟﺛورة‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎطق‬‫اﻷﻛﺛر‬‫ﻓﻘرا‬‫وﺗﮭﻣﯾﺷﺎ‬‫ﻟﺗﻛﺷف‬‫ﻋﻣق‬‫اﻟﻣﺄزق‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوي‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﻲ‬‫وﻣﺣدودﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻧوال‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬:
-‫ﺣﯾث‬‫أن‬‫ﻗﺎﺻرة‬ ‫اﻟﺛروة‬ ‫إﻧﺗﺎج‬ ‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻓﻘواﻧﯾن‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫ﺧﺎﻧﻘﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﻧﺎﻓﺳﺔ‬‫وﻣﻌززة‬‫ﻟﻼﻣﺗﯾﺎزات‬‫وﻣﺷﺟﻌﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺳﺎد‬‫واﻟﺑﺣث‬‫ﻋن‬‫اﻟرﯾﻊ‬،‫و‬‫ﯾﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻘطﺎع‬‫اﻟﻣﺻرﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬‫ﻛﺑﯾرة‬،‫و‬‫ﺗﺷﮭد‬‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗرﺑﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬
‫واﻟﺗﻛوﯾن‬‫إﺧﻼﻻت‬‫ﻋﻣﯾﻘﺔ‬،‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬ّ‫د‬‫ﺗﺣ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫اﻟﻠوﺟﺳﺗﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣردودﯾﺔ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎرات‬‫و‬‫ﺗﺗﺳﺑب‬‫اﻹﺷﻛﺎﻻت‬
‫اﻟﻌﻘﺎرﯾﺔ‬‫ﺷدﯾدة‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻌطﯾل‬‫ﺟزء‬‫ھﺎم‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﺎرﯾﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‬،‫و‬‫أﺻﺑﺢ‬‫اﻟﻌﺟز‬‫اﻟطﺎﻗﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻔﺎﻗم‬‫ﯾﺷﻛل‬‫ﻋﺎﺋﻘﺎ‬
‫ﻛﺑﯾرا‬‫أﻣﺎم‬‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫ﯾﺿﺎف‬‫إﻟﯾﮫ‬‫ﻧدرة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﯾﺎه‬‫ﺗﮭدد‬‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬‫اﻷﺟﯾﺎل‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬...
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬7
-‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬ّ‫أن‬‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﯾر‬ ‫اﻟﺛروة‬ ‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ‬ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻓ‬‫ﻧظﺎم‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﺎﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﺧﺗل‬‫وﻏﯾر‬‫ﻋﺎدل‬‫و‬‫ﺗﻌﯾش‬‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬
‫ﺑداﯾﺎت‬‫ﻋﺟز‬‫ﺳﯾﺗﻔﺎﻗم‬‫ﺑﺳرﻋﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺳﻧوات‬‫اﻟﻘﻠﯾﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬،‫و‬‫ﯾﺑﻠﻎ‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫واﻟدﻋم‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘ‬‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫دون‬‫أن‬
‫ﯾ‬‫ﻛون‬‫ﻟﻣﺳﺗﺣﻘﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺿرورة‬ ‫ﻣوﺟﮭﺎ‬،‫وﺗﺷﮭد‬‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻘﻘﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫ﺧدﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺻﺣﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬‫واﻟﻧﻘل‬‫ﺗﺑﺎطؤا‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺗطور‬‫وﺗﻔﺎوﺗﺎ‬‫ﺟﮭوﯾﺎ‬‫ﻻﻓﺗﺎ‬...
‫ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺪات‬‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬‫واﺧﺘﻼل‬‫اﻟﺘﻮازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻜﻠﯿﺔ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫اﻟﺜﻮرة‬
‫ﺧﻼل‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬‫ﺑﺟواﻧب‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎرات‬،‫اﻷﺧرى‬‫ﻓﺗﺄﺛر‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫ﺑﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬‫وﺗﻌﻘﯾدات‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫وﺗﺣﻣل‬‫ﺟزءا‬‫ھﺎﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣن‬‫أﻋﺑﺎ‬‫ﺋﮫ‬‫ﺑﺗﺧﻔﯾﻔﮫ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺣدة‬‫اﻟﺗوﺗر‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫ﻓﺑﻠﻐت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺗوﺳﻌﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻹﻧﻔﺎق‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﺣدودھﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺻوى‬‫وﺗﺣﻣﻠت‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺳط‬‫اﻷﻛﺑر‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬
‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬‫ﻋﺑر‬‫ﺗﺳوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻋدﯾدة‬‫وﻣﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺗﺳﺑﺑت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬‫ﻋدد‬‫اﻷﻋوان‬‫وﺣﺟم‬‫اﻷﺟور‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘطﺎع‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬.
‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫ﺷﮭدت‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗراﺟﻌﺎ‬‫ﻛﺑﯾر‬‫ا‬‫ﻟدور‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺣﺿورھﺎ‬‫ّى‬‫د‬‫أ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬‫اﻟﻘطﺎع‬‫ﻏﯾر‬‫اﻟﻣﮭﯾﻛل‬‫وﺗﻌدد‬‫ﻣظﺎھر‬
‫ﺗداﺧﻠﮫ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗﮭرﯾب‬‫واﻹﺟرام‬‫و‬‫ﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺻﺣﺔ‬‫وﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬‫وﻧﻘل‬‫و‬‫ﺗﻘﮭﻘر‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫إﺳداء‬‫اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺿرورﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻧﺷﺎط‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫و‬‫ﺗدھور‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ‬‫وﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻧﺎﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧظﺎﻓﺔ‬...
،‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻛن‬‫ﺣوﻛﻣﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫طرف‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﺎﻗﺑﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬:
-‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹدارة‬:‫ﺻﻌﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﯾﺷﺎ‬ ‫أﻓرز‬ ‫أول‬ ‫دﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾن‬‫واﻹدارة‬‫ﺗﺳﺑب‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣزﯾد‬‫ﺗﻌطﯾل‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬
‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬،
-‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬:‫ﺧطوات‬‫ﻧﺣو‬‫اﻟﻣﺄﺳﺳﺔ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻛﺗﻣل‬)‫ز‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ُر‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﻟم‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺣوار‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬
‫ﺑﻌد‬(‫وﺑروز‬”‫إﺷﻛﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬“‫اﻟﺗﻌددﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺎء‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﯾن‬،
-‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬:‫ﺗﻌﺛر‬‫اﻟوظﯾﻔﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬‫طﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬
‫وﻏﯾﺎب‬‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬‫ﺗﺷرﯾﻌﻲ‬‫ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣل‬‫ﻟﻠﺣﻛوﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﺎﻗﺑﺔ‬.
‫ﻓﻘد‬ ،‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫ﺗزاﻣﻧت‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺗواﺻل‬‫رﻛود‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫اﻷوروﺑﻲ‬‫وﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫إﻣدادات‬
‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬‫اﻟﺟزاﺋري‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫أوروﺑﺎ‬‫وﺗﻌطل‬‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫وارﺗﻔﺎع‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻌﻧف‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟﯾﺑﯾﺎ‬.
‫ﻛل‬‫ذﻟك‬‫أدى‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗواﺻل‬‫ﺗدھور‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﺧﺗﻼل‬‫اﻟﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫وﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗرﻗﯾم‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎدي‬‫ﻟﻠدوﻟﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬‫واﻧﺧﻔﺎض‬‫ﺳﻌر‬‫ﺻرف‬‫اﻟدﯾﻧﺎر‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﺗﺿﺧم‬،‫ﻣﻣﺎ‬‫أﺛر‬‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘدرة‬‫اﻟﺷراﺋﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣواطﻧﯾن‬.
‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﺟﻞ‬‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬‫واﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫ﺣﺎﺻل‬‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص‬‫ﯾؤدي‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﻧوال‬‫ﺗﻧﻣوي‬‫وطﻧﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗدام‬‫ﺟدﯾد‬‫ﯾﺟد‬‫ﻣرﺟﻌﯾﺗﮫ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫دﺳﺗور‬2014‫وﯾواﺋم‬‫ﺑﯾن‬
‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬،‫ﺑرﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬‫دوﻟﺔ‬‫ذات‬‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫إﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ودور‬‫ﺗﻌدﯾﻠﻲ‬‫وﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﺗﺷﺎرﻛﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫إدارة‬‫اﻟﺷﺄن‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬8
‫و‬‫ﺣﺎﺻل‬‫ﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﯾؤدي‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬:
1.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫وﺿﻊ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﯾﺣﺗﻣل‬‫ﺗﺄﺟﯾل‬‫إﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﻣﻌﻘدة‬‫وواﺳﻌﺔ‬‫وﻣﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬،‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫إﺟﻣﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬‫ﺗﺣت‬‫ﻋﻧوان‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬
‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬،
2.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﻛﺛﯾر‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﯾﮭﺎ‬‫ذﻟك‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬‫ﺗﻘوم‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﺿﺣﯾﺎت‬‫ظرﻓﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻗد‬‫ﺗطول‬‫أو‬‫ﻣﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬‫ﻣﻧزوﻋﺔ‬‫أو‬‫ﻣﺳﺎھﻣﺎت‬‫ﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬،
3.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫أﻛﯾدة‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﺻﺎﺣﺑﺔ‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺑراﻣﺞ‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﺣد‬‫ﻣن‬‫آﺛﺎرھﺎ‬‫اﻟﺳﻠﺑﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟﻔﺋﺎت‬‫اﻟﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﺗوﺳطﺔ‬‫ب‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫وﺗﺟ‬‫ﻗﻼﻗل‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﺣﺎدة‬‫ﺗﻌطل‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻹﺻﻼح‬،
4.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬‫ﯾﺣﺗﺎج‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫وﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫و‬‫ﺷراﻛﺔ‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻷطراف‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬،
5.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﻘﯾﺎم‬‫ﺑﺗﻠك‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬‫ﺗوﻓر‬‫اﻹرادة‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫وﻗوﺗﮭﺎ‬‫واﺳﺗﻣرارھﺎ‬‫وإﺻرارھﺎ‬‫ﺣﺗﻰ‬‫ﺗﺳﺗﻘر‬
‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫و‬‫ﻘﻧﻊ‬‫ﺑوﺟﺎھﺗﮭﺎ‬،
6.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﯾﺣﺗﺎج‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﯾ‬‫آﻟ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳ‬‫ﺗﺣﻘق‬‫ﺗواﻓﻘﺎ‬‫ﺣول‬‫اﻹﺟراءات‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬ِ‫وﺗرﺗﯾب‬
‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫واﻟﺧﯾﺎرات‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬.
ّ‫إن‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﯾﻌﻣل‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﯾﺎ‬‫ﺿﻣن‬‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت‬‫اﻟﻣﻧوال‬‫اﻟﻘدﯾم‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﯾﺳﺗطﯾﻊ‬‫ﺗﺧطﯾﮭﺎ‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻘدر‬‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﺟدﻟﯾﺎت‬
‫ﺟدﯾدة‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﺗﺣرﯾك‬‫اﻟﺧطوط‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬،‫و‬‫ﻛﺄن‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫اﻟﯾوم‬‫ﻏﯾر‬‫ﻗﺎدرة‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫إﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺣﯾث‬‫ﯾﻛون‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺧدﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟرﻏم‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺗدھور‬ ‫ﺗواﺻل‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫و‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬.
‫ث‬.‫اﻷﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪي‬:‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬
‫اﻟﻤﺸﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫وإﻗﻠﯿﻤﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ظﺎھﺮة‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ‬‫ﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬
‫ﯾﺗﺄﻛد‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ظﺎھرة‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺣﻛﺎم‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫واﺳﺗﻣرارھﺎ‬‫ﻟﺳﻧوات‬‫ﻋدﯾدة‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋدﯾدة‬ ‫ﻋواﻣل‬ ‫ﺗظﺎﻓر‬ ‫ظل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
-‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﯾط‬ ‫ﺑﻠدان‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﺧطر‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎظم‬‫ﻟﺗوﻧس‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺑﺎﺷر‬)‫ﻣﺻر‬ ،‫ﻟﯾﺑﯾﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺟزاﺋر‬،‫ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬(‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟم‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬
)‫أوروﺑﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷوﺳط‬ ‫اﻟﺷرق‬(...،
-‫اﻟﺗوﺗر‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺎطق‬ ‫ﺗﻌدد‬‫واﺳﺗﺣﻛﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻟﺑﻼدﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﻐراﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻧﺳﯾﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻣوﻋﺎت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻧطﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻘل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﻗدرﺗﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﺣدود‬ ‫ﻋﺑر‬،
-‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﻧﺳﯾن‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺎﺻر‬‫وراء‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺳﯾﺎق‬‫اﻟﺟﮭﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطروﺣﺎت‬.
‫ﯾﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ‬‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻨﺠﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻈﺎھﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﺰل‬‫ﻋﻦ‬‫رواﻓﺪھﺎ‬
‫وﻣﺤﺎﺿﻨﮭﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻌرﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺳب‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺗﺑر‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ِ‫ب‬‫اﻟﺣر‬ ‫أو‬‫اﻟﺳﻧوات‬ ‫ﻗﺎدم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﺳﺗواﺟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫أھم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬ ،َ‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬
‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻌﻣل‬‫ﺑﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬ٍ‫ﻣواز‬ ‫وﺑﺷﻛل‬‫اﺗﺟﺎھﯾن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت‬‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫رواﻓدھﺎ‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫وﻋزﻟﮭﺎ‬
‫وﻣﺣﺎﺿﻧﮭﺎ‬‫أﺧرى‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻘﺻﯾر‬ ‫اﻟﻣدى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟﺣﯾﻠوﻟﺔ‬ ‫أﺟل‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ،‫ودﯾﻣوﻣﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺿﺧﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫دون‬ ،‫واﻟﻣﺗوﺳط‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬9
‫ﻣﻘﺗﺿﯾﺎت‬ ‫أھم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫وﻟﻌل‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:
-‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻓر‬‫إﺟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬‫ﺗرﺳم‬‫اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻓق‬‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﮭذه‬،
-‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﻐﺎرﺑﯾﺎ‬‫ل‬ّ‫ز‬‫ﻧ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺧطط‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻧﺎﺳﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟواﻗﻊ‬ ‫أرض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬،
-‫ﺗﺣﺟﯾم‬‫اﻟﺑﺳﯾﻛوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫وآﺛﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟرأي‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬،
-‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫اﻻﻟﺗﻔﺎف‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫واﻟﻣدﻧﻲ‬‫واﻹﻋﻼﻣﻲ‬‫واﻟﺷﻌﺑﻲ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﮭود‬ ‫ﺣول‬.
َ‫د‬‫ﺟﮭ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺗرض‬‫اﻟ‬‫ذﻟك‬ ‫وﻣن‬ ،‫وﺗوﺟﯾﮭﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﺗﻛﯾﯾف‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﯾن‬ ‫أﺧذھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ٌ‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬:
-‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟزﻣﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺗداد‬‫ﻺرھﺎب‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬ ‫واﻟذي‬‫ﻧﻔس‬ ‫طول‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬،
-‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗطور‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﮫ‬‫وأﺳﺎﻟﯾﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎﺗﮫ‬‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﯾ‬‫ﻣﺗواﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻣواﻛﺑﺔ‬ ‫رﺻدا‬ ‫ﺳﺗوﺟب‬
‫و‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺎﻟﯾب‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗﻣرا‬ ‫ﺗﺣﯾﯾﻧﺎ‬.
‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬‫ﯾﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وطﻨﯿﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﻢ‬
‫ﺑﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ‬ ،‫واﻟﺣﺳم‬ ‫اﻟﻣوازﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬:
1.‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﻔﺎظ‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﻧظﺎم‬‫ورﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣرﯾﺎت‬.
2.‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬‫واﺣﺗرام‬‫اﻹﻧﺳﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﻘوق‬.
3.‫اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻔﺎذ‬ ‫ﺣق‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺷﻔﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬‫وﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾد‬‫ﻟﻠﺧﺻوﺻﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣراﻋﺎة‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬10
4.‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎون‬‫اﻟدوﻟﻲ‬‫ﺿرورة‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﻘﺎرب‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺣﻔﺎظ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﻘﻼﻟﯾﺔ‬.
5.‫اﻟدﯾﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫إدارة‬‫ﺿﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫ﺣرﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻔﻛر‬ ‫اﻟرأي‬‫وﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣﻧﺎﺧﺎت‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻐﻼل‬
‫اﻟﺣرﯾﺔ‬.
6.‫اﻟﺣدودﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎطق‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﮭرﯾب‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻘﺗﺿﯾﺎت‬‫وﺧﺷﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣﺎﻣﮫ‬.
‫ﺑﻠﻐﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬‫اﻹرھ‬‫ﺎب‬‫ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬‫ﺗﻜ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﯿﻔﺎ‬‫ﺳﺮﯾﻌﺎ‬‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﻘوﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺿرب‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﮭداف‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺗﺣوﻻ‬ ‫ﺗوﻧس‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﯾﺷﮭد‬)،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬
‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت‬(...‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﺳﺗوﺟب‬ ،‫ﺗﻛﯾﯾ‬‫ﺳرﯾﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻔﺎ‬‫ﻧوﻋﯾﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺣوﻻ‬)Switch(‫اﻷﺻﻌدة‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬:
-‫ﺑوﺿﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﺟراءات‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺧطط‬‫ﻟﻠطوارئ‬)Plans d’urgence(‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﺗﺣ‬‫اﻹﺟراءات‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬)،‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﯾﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎءات‬(...‫و‬‫إﺟراءات‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫ﻟﻠﻘطﺎﻋﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﺿررة‬،‫ﯾﺗم‬‫ﺗﺣﯾﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬‫ﻣﺗواﺻل‬،
-‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوي‬ ‫ﻣﻧوال‬،‫ﺑﺈ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬ ‫ھﯾﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬‫إدﻣﺎﺟﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻌطﻰ‬‫ﺗداﻋﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻧﯾﮫ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬)‫اﻧﺧﻔﺎض‬
‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎرات‬‫اﻷﺟﻧﺑﯾﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻣﺑﺎﺷرة‬‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻼﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫وﻧوﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﺣﺟم‬
‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة‬...(،
-،‫اﻟﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺑﺎﻗﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻔﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺗﻛﯾﯾف‬‫ﻠﺗداﻋﯾﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻺرھﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬
)،‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫اﻧﺧﻔﺎض‬‫اﻟﻣداﺧﯾل‬،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف‬‫اﻹﺟراءات‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬‫وإﺟراءات‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫ﻟﻠﻘطﺎﻋﺎت‬
‫اﻟﻣﺗﺿررة‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﯾن‬ ،...(،
-،‫اﻟﺷﻌﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺑﺗوﻓﯾر‬‫ﻣﻘوﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺻﻣود‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬)Résilience(‫و‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﯾﻘظﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫إرﺳﺎء‬
‫اﻟﯾﻘظﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎدرة‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫وإﺷراك‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫واﻟﺗوﻗﻲ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠ‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت‬ ،‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫ﯾ‬‫أو‬ ‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺎ‬ ‫ن‬
‫اﻟﻣواطﻧ‬ ،‫ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﯾﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺎ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ن‬(.
‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬
‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﻛﯾد‬ ‫وﯾﻣﻛن‬:
-‫ﺗﺗﺻدى‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﻣﻔردھﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ظﺎھرة‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻣﻧدﻣﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﺷرك‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬
‫اﻷطراف‬‫و‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫إﺟﻣﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫و‬‫ﻛﺑرى‬ ‫ﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫وﺷﻌﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫وإﻋﻼﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﻌﺗﺑر‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬‫ﻗﺿﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺣزﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎرات‬ ‫ﻓوق‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫واﻹدﯾوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺑﻼد‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺎت‬ ‫وﻣن‬،
-‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ووﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺑﺎﻗﯾﺔ‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻌددة‬‫أﺟل‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺻدي‬‫ﻧﺎﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬ ‫ﻠظﺎھرة‬،
-‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻧوﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺣول‬‫ﯾﺗﻣﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﺳرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ف‬ّ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺗﻛ‬‫ﻰ‬‫اﻟﺗطورات‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺑﻠﻐﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫اﻟﺣ‬ ‫ودرﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﺷﮭدھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬،
-‫ﯾﻣﺛل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺗﻣر‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﮭذه‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣطﺔ‬،‫ﯾﺑﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺣﯾث‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺿرﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺗﯾﻌﺎب‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ن‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺗﻣ‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ّع‬‫د‬‫ﺗﺻ‬ ‫دون‬ ‫ﻺرھﺎب‬‫أ‬ ‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻧﮭﯾﺎر‬ ‫أو‬‫و‬‫اﺿطراب‬
‫ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻲ‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬11
2.‫اﻟﺘﻌﻘﯿﺪات‬‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫أ‬.ُ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﺸﺎﺑ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫ﺑﯿﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺠﺪل‬‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬‫ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺪ‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﻣراﻋﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻣراره‬ ‫ورﺟﺣﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎﺑك‬ ‫ﯾﺷﻛل‬‫واﺳﺗﺣﺿﺎره‬
‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻧد‬.
‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪل‬‫واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬
‫ﺗﻣﺛل‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﺟﺎرب‬‫ﺗﺣوﻻ‬‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﯾﯾن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫وﺗ‬‫ﺳﺗدﻋﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب‬
)Bon°séquencement(‫ﺑﯾن‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾرات‬‫اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾرات‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬.
‫ﺗﻘدﻣت‬ ،‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫أﺛﻧﺎء‬ُ‫اﻟﻣطﺎﻟب‬‫ذات‬‫اﻟطﺎﺑﻊ‬‫ﺗﻠك‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬َ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺟواﻧب‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﻟﻛن‬ ،
‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻠم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧر‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺣﺳﺎب‬‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻷﻛﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﺟزء‬ ‫وﺗﺣﻣل‬ ‫ﺑل‬ ،
،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫اﻟﯾوم‬ ‫ُﺧﺷﻰ‬‫ﯾ‬‫و‬‫ﻣن‬‫أن‬ ‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺣﻘﺎﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬ ‫ل‬ّ‫ﺗﻌط‬‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﯾﮭ‬‫ﺑذﻟك‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﺳب‬
‫وﻣﻧﺟزاﺗﮫ‬.
‫اﻟﺛورة‬20112012-201320142015‫ﺑﻌدھﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬
‫ﯾﺳﺑق‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﯾﺗﻘدم‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫ﯾﺗﺄﺧر‬ ‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻌﺛر‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫ﻣﻧﺗظرا‬ ‫ﯾﺗوﻗف‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬
‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﯾﮭ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬
-17‫دﯾﺳﻣﺑر‬
2010:‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬
‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬
‫واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬
-14‫ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ‬
2011:‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬
‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬
-‫ﺗﻘدم‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫إﻧﺟﺎز‬
‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫اﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬(
-‫ﺗﺄﺧر‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻠف‬
‫ﻋن‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬
-‫ﺗﻌﺛر‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫اﻻﺳﺗﻘطﺎب‬
‫ﺗﻌﺛر‬ ،‫اﻻﻏﺗﯾﺎﻻت‬ ،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬(...
-‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣل‬
‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬
)‫اﻟﺗﺳوﯾﺎت‬‫ا‬‫ﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬(...
-‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘدم‬
)‫اﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ،‫دﺳﺗور‬(...
-‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫ﯾﻌد‬ ‫ﻟم‬
‫ﻗﺎدرا‬‫ﻣواﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﺣﻣل‬
‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻧظرا‬ ،‫ﻟﺣﺎﺟﺗﮫ‬
‫ﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻧﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬
‫ھﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬
-‫ﺧﺷﯾﺔ‬‫ﯾؤﺛر‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻣن‬
‫ﺗﻌطل‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬
‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬
،‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬
‫اﻟﺟﮭ‬‫ﺎت‬‫ﺑطﺎﻟﺔ‬ ،
‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬(...
‫اﻧﺘﻘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ل‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﺳﺘﮭﺪاف‬‫ا‬‫ﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد‬‫اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫إﻋﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬
‫ﺗﺷﻛل‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬‫ﺗداﻋﯾﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬)،‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬ ‫ﺗطرف‬‫ﺗوﺳﻊ‬‫ا‬،‫ﻟﻸﻗطﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑرة‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟرﯾﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺳﯾﺦ‬ ،‫ﻟﺗﮭرﯾب‬
‫ﺗﮭدﯾد‬‫ﻟﻼﺷﺗﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻧزاﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﺿطراﺑﺎت‬ ،‫اﻟﺣدودي‬ ‫اﻷﻣن‬...(‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺑﺎﺷرا‬ ‫ﺗﮭدﯾدا‬‫ﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟ‬‫ﯾن‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬.
‫و‬‫ﯾﺗﻐذى‬‫ﺻورﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬”‫اﻟداﻋﺷﯾﺔ‬“–‫ﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬”‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬“‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﻘﺎض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬–‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺔ‬
‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوﺿوﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺷروط‬:
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬12
-‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬ ‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫وطﻧﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺎت‬ ‫وﺿﯾﺎع‬،
-‫ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬ ‫اﻧﺣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﺑداﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎرات‬)Primaires(‫واﻟﺟﮭوﯾ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟطﺎﺋﻔﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺿﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎذﺑﺎت‬،
-‫ﺗداﺧل‬‫واﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎذﺑﺎت‬‫وﺗﻌﻘﯾداﺗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟداﺧﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺄن‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬.
‫وﻗد‬‫ﺗﺳﺑب‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫ﺳﻧﺔ‬2013‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫زﻋزﻋﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫و‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗداﻋﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ّ‫م‬َ‫ﺛ‬ ‫ﻣن‬
)‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﻗﯾم‬ ‫ﺗﺧﻔﯾض‬‫ﺗﺄﺛر‬ ،‫ﻗطﺎع‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬.(...
‫و‬‫اﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫إﻧﺟﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬2014‫وأﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺗﻣﺎﺳك‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﺳﺑﻲ‬‫ﻠﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻘرار‬ ‫ﺑداﯾﺔ‬،‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘل‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﺳﺗﮭداف‬
‫ﻣﺑﺎﺷر‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬.
‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬
‫ﻛﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺗرﺗﯾن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎﺑك‬ ‫ﺣوﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬:
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬13
‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﺳﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎطﻊ‬
‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﻔﮭم‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ّﺔ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻋﺻ‬ ،‫ﺑﻼدﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺗﺗﺟﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ،‫واﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻛﺛﯾر‬ ‫ﺗﺑدو‬
‫و‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌطﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘط‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬‫ﻟﮭذه‬ ‫واﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺧﻠﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻣق‬ ‫اﻟﻧظر‬
‫واﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻧﺑﺎط‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ،‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ،‫أﺑﻌﺎدھﺎ‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﮭﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬:
-‫اﻻﻧﺗﺑﺎه‬ ‫دون‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌطﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺻري‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺷﺑﻛﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺛﻼ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺿﯾﺔ‬
‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘﺎطﻌﺎت‬،‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻛري‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ودوﻟﯾﺎ‬ ‫إﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺎ‬
‫ﺗطورھﺎ‬ ‫وآﻓﺎق‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻓﮭم‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ،‫واﻟﻠوﺟﺳﺗﻲ‬،
-‫و‬‫ﺣﺗﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬ ،‫وﺗﻘوﯾﺿﮭﺎ‬ ‫زﻋزﻋﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫وﯾﺣﻔظﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺣﺻﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟوﻟﯾدة‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻧدراج‬ ‫ﺗﺣدي‬
‫ﺣﺗ‬ ،‫وﺗﺣوﻟﮫ‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟدوﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺣﯾطﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﮭم‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺗﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻟﺣﻔظ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺳب‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﺿن‬‫ودﻋم‬
‫إﺿﻌﺎﻓﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘوى‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺎطر‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫واﻟﺣد‬ ‫ﺗطورھﺎ‬‫وﺗﻘوﯾﺿﮭﺎ‬،
-‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫أ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫وﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺑﻼد‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ن‬‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬ ‫واﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻣوﯾل‬
‫ﺣرﻛﯾﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺣﯾطﻧﺎ‬ ‫دﻗﯾﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺣﺗم‬ ‫وﻏﯾرھﺎ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﯾن‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫ﺿﺑط‬‫أوﻟوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬‫وﺗﺣﺎﻟﻔﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﺧﯾﺎراﺗ‬ ‫وﺗدﻗﯾق‬‫ﮭ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬14
3.‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺒﻼد‬‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﺑﻤﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ُﻌﻨﻰ‬‫ﺗ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬
‫أ‬.‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻢ‬‫و‬‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺪم‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﺒﻂ‬
‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﺣﺗﺎﺟت‬ ‫ﻟﺋن‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﻠول‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬،‫ﻓﺈن‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﺻل‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎﺑك‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﻠول‬ ‫ﺗﻧدرج‬ ‫أن‬
‫ﺷﺎﻣل‬ ‫ﻲ‬ّ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ّﻰ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻣﺳ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﻧطﻠق‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ،‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫ﻟﺗﻌزﯾز‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬.
‫و‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺗ‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘق‬:
-‫اﻟﻣﺳك‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬‫ﺑزﻣﺎم‬‫اﻷﻣور‬‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠداﺧل‬)‫اﻟﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﻗواه‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬(‫و‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣطﻣﺋﻧﺔ‬‫ﻠﺧﺎرج‬)‫اﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬
‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺛﻣرﯾن‬ ‫وﻛذﻟك‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻣوﻟﺔ‬(،
-،‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗوﺿﯾﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫واﻟرأي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﯾطﻣﺋن‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺣول‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻘرﯾب‬‫ﺑﻼد‬،
-‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬ّ‫ﺑث‬‫ﺟدﯾد‬ ‫ﻧﻔس‬‫و‬‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫إﺣداث‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟﺑﻼد‬‫اﻟﺗﺣﻛم‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﺳق‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫اﻟذي‬‫ﺣدد‬‫ﺑدوره‬‫ﻧﺳق‬
‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎءات‬‫واﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬)‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬،‫اﻹﺻﻼح‬‫اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬‫اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌ‬‫ﻲ‬،‫ﻋﻣل‬ ‫ﻧﺳق‬،‫اﻹدارة‬‫اﻟﺣراك‬
‫اﻟدﺑﻠوﻣﺎﺳﻲ‬(...،
-‫اﻹ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬‫دﻣﺎج‬‫ﯾطﻣﺋن‬ ‫اﻟذي‬ ،‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫إدراج‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫أوﻟوﯾﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﮭﺎ‬)‫ﺧﺎرطﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫طرﯾ‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺣوار‬ ‫ق‬(،‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺿﻣﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﯾوﻓر‬‫اﻟﺿﻐط‬ ‫ﯾﺧﻔف‬‫ﻋن‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺎت‬)،‫اﻟﺣﻘوﻗﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬
‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠﺑﯾﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬(....
‫اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺗﻧزل‬ ،‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدات‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ّع‬‫ر‬‫وﺗﺗﻔ‬‫واﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬:
-‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬،‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬ ‫وإﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬ ‫أو‬
‫ا‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫و‬‫ط‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﮭ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺣ‬‫د‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ت‬
‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﮭ‬‫ﺎ‬‫د‬‫ئ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬‫ذ‬‫ج‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫و‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺿ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ء‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺑ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ء‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬‫د‬
‫ا‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫و‬‫ط‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬
‫ﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫و‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻹ‬‫ر‬‫ھ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ب‬
‫أ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ء‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗ‬‫د‬
‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺻ‬‫ﺎ‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺟ‬‫د‬‫ﯾ‬‫د‬
‫أ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬
‫ﺗ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬15
-‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬،
-‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫أو‬.
‫ب‬.‫ﺧﻄﻮرة‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎر‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬ ‫وﺿﺮورة‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﻤﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬‫ﺎت‬
‫اﻟﺧط‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ر‬‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﻣﻛﺎن‬‫ﺗﺗﻘدم‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬‫ﻣﺗوازن‬ ‫ﻏﯾر‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺗﺄ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إذ‬ ،‫اﻟ‬‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﺣد‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻧﻌﻛس‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫و‬‫وﺗﮭدد‬ ‫اﻷﺧرى‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬)effet de contamination(‫و‬ ،‫ﺑﯾﻧت‬ ‫ﻗد‬‫ﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬
‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﺧﺎطر‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬،‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬ ‫ﺑﺟواﻧب‬ ‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬‫ﻣﻣﺎ‬‫ھذ‬ ‫إﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻗم‬‫ا‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬
‫و‬‫ّر‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻋ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬ ‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫واﻧﻌﻛس‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬.
‫و‬‫إذ‬ ‫اﻟﯾوم‬‫ﯾﺑدو‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺿﺎﻏطﺎ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﮭددا‬‫ﯾﺧﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،:
-‫أن‬ّ‫ﻣ‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﯾﺑﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻧب‬‫ﺎ‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫واﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺷراﺋﺢ‬)‫اﻟﻣطﺎﻟب‬ ‫ﻋﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺑر‬
‫واﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬(،‫و‬ُ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺗﻘدﻣ‬ ‫ﻋدم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺧﺷﻰ‬‫ﮫ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﺗﻌطﯾ‬َ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬‫وﺗﮭدﯾد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﻘت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺳب‬
‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬،
-‫وأن‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﻘدم‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺳب‬ ‫ﺗﺛﺑﯾت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻣﺣدد‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎع‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟدﻋم‬ ‫ﺟﻠب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﺗﺣدي‬ ‫رأﺳﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹرادة‬.
‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ز‬ّ‫ز‬‫وﺗﺗﻌ‬‫وﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣل‬ ‫ﺷﻛل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﺗﻘدﯾم‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺛﯾرة‬ ‫ﻟدواﻋﻲ‬:
-‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﯾﻛﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺟزﺋﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺟﺎ‬ ‫أن‬‫داﺧﻠﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘوى‬ ‫ﻟﺗﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﻹﻗﻧﺎع‬‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬،
-‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘدم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اطﻣﺄﻧت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺑﻌض‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺎزﻻت‬ ‫وﺗﻘدﯾم‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺿﺣﯾ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺳﮭل‬ ‫أﻧﮫ‬
‫اﻷﺧرى‬،‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬،
-‫أن‬‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻧﻔس‬‫ﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬،
-‫ﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳﯾق‬ ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬:‫واﻻﻗ‬ ‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺻﺎدي‬.
‫ت‬.‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﻠﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫ﻛﻠﯿﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬16
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫واﺳﻌﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫ﺻﻧﻌت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬،‫ﺳرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧطﻠﻘت‬‫وﺻﻧﻌت‬
‫أزﻣﺎت‬2013‫دﺳﺗور‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎ‬ ‫رﺟم‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﺗرك‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫وﻋﯾﺎ‬2014ُ‫ﻗ‬‫و‬‫طﻌ‬‫ت‬ٌ‫ط‬‫أﺷوا‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إرﺳﺎء‬ ‫ﻧﺣو‬
‫دﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫ﻧظﺎم‬‫ﻗﺎرة‬ ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫وﺑﻧﺎء‬.
،‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﯾﻠق‬ ‫ﻟم‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬ ‫ﻧﻔس‬،‫و‬‫ﺑداﯾﺎت‬ ‫ُﺟﻠت‬‫ﺳ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫اﻟوﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺣوار‬ ‫ھﺎﻣش‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬
‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬)‫ﺳﻧﺔ‬2014(‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺧطوات‬ ‫طﻌت‬ُ‫ﻗ‬‫و‬)‫ﻗوا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺿﻣﯾن‬ ‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺷروع‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﯾن‬(‫دون‬
‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻓر‬‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬ ‫أرﺿﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺑﻧﺎء‬‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬.
‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫و‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠظﺎھرة‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫اﻟوﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧر‬ ‫ﻓﻘد‬ ،‫اﻟﺷرﯾﻌﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﺻﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﺻﻧﯾف‬ ‫ل‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺷ‬‫ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‬
‫إرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬)2013(‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫وﺑداﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎطﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺣول‬ ‫ﻧﻘطﺔ‬،‫وﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ‬ ‫أﻛﺛر‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫وﻣﺎزاﻟت‬
‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬ ‫أرﺿﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺣول‬ ‫ﺗﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟم‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬)‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺣﯾﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺑر‬(‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﻘﻲ‬
‫اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬.
‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬ ‫اﻧﻔك‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھذا‬‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣواﻗف‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗذﺑذب‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣرﺟﻌﯾﺔ‬‫ﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬‫ﺑﯾن‬
‫اﻻﻧدراج‬ ‫ّر‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﯾ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﮭﺎدئ‬‫ﻟﻠﻧﻣوذج‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻓﺿﺎﺋﮫ‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬.
‫ث‬.‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫ﻣﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪات‬‫اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻗﻀﺔ‬
‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﺗﺗﻧزل‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌزﯾز‬‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻣل‬ٌ‫أﺟﻧدات‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺷروع‬ ‫ﺟوھرﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺎﻗﺿﺔ‬ ‫أﺧرى‬
‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫دﺳﺗور‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻣﮫ‬ ‫وﺣدد‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫إﻟﯾﮫ‬ ‫أﺷرت‬ ‫اﻟذي‬2014‫ﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﺛل‬ ،‫ﻧﻔﺳﮫ‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫ُﻌﻠن‬‫ﯾ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺗﻌﻣل‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺗﻘوﯾض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫أرﻛﺎن‬،‫وﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺗﻧوﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻧطﻠﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ُﻌطل‬‫ﯾ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘدم‬ ،‫وﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑدون‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺑوﻋﻲ‬ ،
‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬.
4.‫واﻟ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫ﮭﻨﺪﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬
‫أ‬.‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎل‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬
‫أھﺪاف‬‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪة‬
‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫وﻧﺎﺟﻊ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬ ‫ﯾﺷﺗﻐل‬ ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫وﺑﻧﺎء‬.
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ‬
‫وﺗﺑﻘﻰ‬ ُ‫ر‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗو‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫رﺳم‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫ھذه‬‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬ ‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﺷﺗﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧب‬.
‫واﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬
-‫إﺣداث‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺷﻌور‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬،
-‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯾﺎدة‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﻟدﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎدرة‬،
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬17
-‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫إدﻣﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫أھﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻘل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬ ‫ﻓﺑﻧﺎء‬ ،‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫أﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺗﺛﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬،
-‫ﻟﻠرؤﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺣﺿﺎر‬‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫و‬‫ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫وﺗراﺑط‬ ‫وأﺟزاﺋﮫ‬،
-‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻧﺳق‬)cadence(‫ﻣﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺣدث‬،
-‫اﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة‬‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎرب‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫وﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬‫ﺧطوات‬ ‫وأﺧطﺎء‬ ‫ﻧﺟﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬)‫دﺳﺗور‬ ،‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺣوار‬2014،
‫ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬ ،‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧون‬ ،‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﯾﺋﺔ‬(...،
-‫ﻣﺻﺎﺣﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺗدرج‬‫اﻟﻘواﻋد‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺳﺟﺎم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣزﯾد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه‬
‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪوﻟﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطﺮاف‬ ‫وإدارة‬
‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﮭﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺑﺎع‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬:
-‫رﺻد‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫و‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﻵﻟﯾﺎت‬
‫و‬ ‫واﻹﺟراءات‬‫ﺗﺄھﯾل‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬،
-‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺻور‬ ‫ﺿﺑط‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬‫و‬‫ﻣﻛون‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫إدارة‬‫اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟزﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻵﻣﺎد‬،
-‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫زﻣﻧﯾ‬ ‫ﺟدوﻟﺔ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗراﻋﻲ‬،
-‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ّ‫ﻣﻛو‬ ‫ﺑﻛل‬‫ﺑﻠورة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺻور‬‫وﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬.
‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﯿﺔ‬
ُ‫ﯾ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺗﺎج‬‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬‫ﻗﯾﺎدة‬‫واﺿﺣﺔ‬‫وإدارﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺳﮭر‬،‫و‬‫ﺗﻛون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫اﻟﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬‫ﻧواب‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠس‬
‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟواﻧب‬ ‫ﻏﻠﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬ ،‫ّق‬‫ﺳ‬‫وﯾﻧ‬ ‫وﯾﺗﺷﺎور‬ ،‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬:
-‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗور‬ ‫اﺣﺗرام‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺳﮭر‬ ‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﯾس‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬ ،،
-‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﻻت‬ ‫أﻏﻠب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺑﺎدرة‬ ‫ﻣﺻدر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎرھﺎ‬ ،.
‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬
‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫أھﺪاف‬
‫ﺗ‬‫ﮭدف‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺎرھﺎ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺑﻠورة‬‫اﺗﻔﺎق‬‫إطﺎري‬‫ﻋﺎم‬‫ﺣول‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﺎور‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫واﻷﺳﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻟﻺﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺣﯾث‬‫اﻟﻣﺿﻣون‬‫و‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻟﺗﻧزﯾل‬‫و‬‫اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻘﯾﺎم‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﻠك‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺣﯾث‬
‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎرﻛﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗواﻓق‬‫واﻟﺳﻠم‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫وﺣﺷد‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬‫واﻹﺳﻧﺎد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬)‫اﻟرأي‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬‫واﻷﺣزاب‬‫وﻣﺟﻠس‬
‫ﻧواب‬‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬‫واﻟﺧﺑراء‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬.(...
‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬18
‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺸﺨﯿﺺ‬
‫ﺗﺗوﻓر‬‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ھﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫أﻗدار‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫ﻟﻠوﺿﻊ‬
‫واﻟﺧﺑراء‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﺣزاب‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻟدى‬ ‫ﺗراﻛم‬
‫اﻟﻌ‬ ‫واﻟرأي‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﺳﻣﺢ‬ ،‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫ﺗﻠت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻧوات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺎم‬
‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫أھداف‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬ ‫أﺟل‬.
‫واﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ‬:‫اﻟﻤﻘﻮﻻت‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬‫اﻟﻤﺆطﺮة‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬
‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪ‬
‫ﯾﻛﺎد‬‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫ﯾﻛون‬‫ﺣﺎﺻﻼ‬‫ﺣول‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﻘوﻻت‬‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫أن‬‫ﺗﻣﺛل‬
‫إطﺎرا‬‫أوﻟﯾﺎ‬‫ﻟﻺﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬ً‫وأرﺿﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫واﻟﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻷطراف‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬:
-‫ﺗﺣﺗﺎج‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﺗﺟدﯾدﯾﺔ‬،‫ﺗطﻠق‬‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬‫ﻗدرات‬‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﯾن‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﯾن‬‫وﻓﻲ‬‫ﻧﻔس‬‫اﻟوﻗت‬‫ﯾﺗم‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬
‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬‫وﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫واﻟﺟﮭوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔوارق‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺣد‬.
-‫ﻻ‬‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬‫اﻟﻣﻠﻔﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫وﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬)،‫اﻟﺟﺑﺎﯾﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟدﻋم‬ ،‫اﻟﻣدﯾوﻧﯾﺔ‬
‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺗﻘﺎﻋد‬ ‫ﺳن‬ ،‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻧوك‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬(...‫إﻻ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إطﺎر‬
‫ﻟﻠﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬)Trajectoire°budgétaire(‫ﯾﻌﯾد‬‫اﺳﺗﻘرار‬‫اﻟﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫ﻟﻠدوﻟﺔ‬.
-ّ‫إن‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫ﻧﺳب‬ّ‫ﻧﻣو‬‫ﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﺷرط‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻰ‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫ﻟﯾﺗﺳ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬‫وﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬
‫وﻟﺗﺟﺎوز‬‫أزﻣﺔ‬‫اﺧﺗﻼل‬‫ﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬‫دون‬‫اﻻﺿطرار‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ا‬‫ﺗﺑﺎع‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺗﻘﺷﻔﯾﺔ‬.
-‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠدوﻟﺔ‬‫دور‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻣﺣوري‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫رﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﺋﺎت‬‫اﻟﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ‬‫واﻟﮭﺷﺔ‬‫واﻟطﺑﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗوﺳطﺔ‬‫واﻟﺟﮭﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺣروﻣﺔ‬.
-‫ﺗﺣﺗﺎج‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬،‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗﺟﻧب‬‫أﻋﺑﺎء‬‫إﺿﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻌد‬‫ﺗطﯾﻘﮭﺎ‬،‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻟﻠﺣراك‬ ‫ﺗرﺷﯾد‬‫اﻻ‬‫ﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫ﺗﻧﺧرط‬‫ﻓﯾﮫ‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬
‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫وﻛل‬‫اﻷطراف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻘوم‬ ،‫ﺗﺷﺎرﻛﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻌﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺗﮭدﺋﺔ‬‫ﺗﺗﻧﺎول‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬
‫ﻛ‬ ‫اﻟﻣواﺿﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬‫ﺎﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗوﻗﻲ‬ ‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗﺷﻐﯾل‬‫اﻟﻧزاﻋﺎت‬‫وﺣﺳن‬ ‫اﻟﺷﻐﻠﯾﺔ‬‫إدارﺗﮭﺎ‬‫ﻋﻧد‬‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺣدوﺛﮭﺎ‬
‫اﻟ‬‫ﺑﺄﻧواﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﺿراﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣل‬...
‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ‬‫واﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﺎت‬‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﯿﺔ‬
‫وﺗ‬‫ﻘوم‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫رﻛﯾزﺗﯾن‬:
1.‫رﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﻘدرة‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﺎﻓﺳﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫وﺗطوﯾر‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻌواﻣل‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج‬‫وﺗﺣﻔﯾز‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫ﺑﮭدف‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫ﻧﺳب‬‫ﻧﻣو‬
‫ﻋﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬:‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎرﯾﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻧظﺎم‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬-‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻣوارد‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬...
2.‫اﻻرﺗﻘﺎء‬‫ﺑﻣؤﺷرات‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺣد‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻧﺳب‬‫اﻟﻔﻘر‬‫واﻟﻔوارق‬‫اﻟﺟﮭوﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬
‫ﻟﻠﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬:‫اﻟﺗرﺑﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬‫واﻟﺻﺣﺔ‬‫واﻟﻧﻘل‬-
‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﺎﯾﺔ‬-‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬-‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬...
جسور - الأجندة الوطنية - التقرير الكامل
جسور - الأجندة الوطنية - التقرير الكامل
جسور - الأجندة الوطنية - التقرير الكامل
جسور - الأجندة الوطنية - التقرير الكامل
جسور - الأجندة الوطنية - التقرير الكامل
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جسور - الأجندة الوطنية - التقرير الكامل

  • 1. ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟوﯾﻠﯾﺔ‬2015
  • 2. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬2 ‫اﻟﻔﮭﺮس‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻘدﻣﺔ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------3 1.‫طﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫وأﺑرز‬‫ﻋﻧﺎوﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫وﻋﻧﺎﺻر‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬------------------------------------------------------------4 ‫أ‬.‫ﺗواﻓق‬‫واﺳﻊ‬‫ﺣول‬‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻛﺑرى‬-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------4 ‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬:‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫إﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫وﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬------------------------------------------------------------------4 ‫ت‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬:‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﺟدﯾد‬‫وﻣﺎ‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﯾﮫ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫وﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫وﺷراﻛﺎت‬------------------6 ‫ث‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬:‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬----------------------------------------------------------------------8 2.‫اﻟﺗﻌﻘﯾدات‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﺔ‬--------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 ‫أ‬.ُ‫ك‬‫ﺗﺷﺎﺑ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫واﻟﺟدل‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﻋﻧﺻر‬‫ﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬-------------------------------------------------------------------------------11 ‫ب‬.‫ﺗﻘﺎطﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------13 3.‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﻌﻧﻰ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫ﺑﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬-----------------------------------------------------14 ‫أ‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﺗرﺳم‬‫اﻟطرﯾق‬‫وﺗﺿﺑط‬‫ﻧﺳق‬‫اﻟﺗﻘدم‬‫ﻓﯾﮫ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------14 ‫ب‬.‫ﺧطورة‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎر‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺟزﺋﯾﺔ‬‫وﺿرورة‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬----------------------------------------------15 ‫ت‬.‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﺗﺳﺗدﻋﻲ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬‫و‬‫ﺣﻠوﻻ‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إطﺎر‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬-----------------------------------------------------15 ‫ث‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدات‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﻗﺿﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺷروع‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬------------------------------------------------------------------16 4.‫ﻣﺿﺎﻣﯾن‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫واﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬---------------------------------------------------------------------16 ‫أ‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------16 ‫ب‬.‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------17 ‫ت‬.‫اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------19 ‫ث‬.‫اﻟﺣوﻛﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻸﺟﻧدة‬-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------21 5.‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﯾﺢ‬‫ﻧﺟﺎح‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬(Facteurs Clés de Succès)-------------------------------------------------------------------21 ‫أ‬.‫ﻋدم‬‫اﻟﺗﻌوﯾل‬‫اﻟﺣﺻري‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺷرﻋﯾﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬------------------------------------------------------------21 ‫ب‬.‫ﺗﻧﻘﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺧﺎت‬‫ﺗﯾﺳﯾرا‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫وﺧدﻣﺔ‬‫ﻟﻸﺟﻧدات‬------------------------------------------------------------------------------22 ‫ت‬.‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻧدراج‬‫ھﺎدئ‬‫ﻟﻠﻧﻣوذج‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﯾﺟﻧب‬‫اﻟﻣﺧﺎطر‬‫وﯾﺳﺗﻔﯾد‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻔرص‬-------------22 ‫ث‬.‫اﻟﺧطﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗواﺻﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣراﻓﻘﺔ‬:‫ﺧﻠق‬‫اﻟوﻋﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫دون‬‫اﻟﺳﻘوط‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻛﺎرﺛﯾﺔ‬-------------------------------------------------------22 ‫اﻟﺧﺎﺗﻣﺔ‬:‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬‫واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23 ‫أھم‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23 ‫اﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------23 ‫ﻣﻼﺣظﺎت‬‫ﺧﺗﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------24
  • 3. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬3 ‫اﻟ‬‫ﻤﻘﺪﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﯾش‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻛﺑرى‬ ‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ،‫وأﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬ ‫ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ُﻔﺎﻗم‬‫ﯾ‬ ،‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﻧﺗﯾﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧطﻘﺔ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺟوار‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺄزوﻣﺔ‬. ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻘﯾدا‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫وﯾزﯾد‬‫ﺗﻌﯾﺷ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻛل‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺎت‬‫ﺗﻘرﯾﺑﺎ‬‫ﻣن‬‫دراﻣﺎﺗﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗطورات‬: -‫ﻓﻌﻠﻰ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬،‫اﻷﺧﯾرة‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺷﻛﻠت‬‫اﻷﺣداث‬ ‫ﺟﻐراﻓﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺎرﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻘطﺔ‬ )‫اﻟﻣدن‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬(‫وطﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻷھداف‬)‫اﻷﺟﺎﻧب‬ ‫اﺳﺗﮭداف‬(‫اﻷﻋﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺳﺗﻘطﺑﯾن‬ ‫واﻟﺗدرﯾب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺷﺋﺔ‬ ‫وﻣﺳﺎﻟك‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬)‫اﻟﻣﻧﻔردة‬ ‫اﻟذﺋﺎب‬(.‫اﻷﺣداث‬ ‫ﺗﻠك‬ ‫ﻛﺷﻔت‬ ‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫ﻟﻠظﺎھرة‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺻدي‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﺗزاﯾد‬‫ﻛﻠﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺟذرت‬‫اﻟﻼﻧظﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬)asymétrie(‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫أدا‬‫ؤ‬‫وﺿرﺑﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ھﺎ‬، -‫و‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺣﺗﺟﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻣﻧظم‬ ‫وﻏﯾر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظم‬ ‫وﺟﮭﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬،‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣﯾز‬‫ت‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺑﻛﺛﺎﻓﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻷﺧﯾرة‬ ‫ﺗﺣرﻛﺎت‬ ‫وﺣدﺗﮭﺎ‬‫و‬‫ﺗﺟﺎوزھﺎ‬‫ﺣدود‬‫ا‬‫ﻣﻌﺗﺎدة‬ ‫ﻏﯾر‬)‫ﻣﻘﺎطﻌﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻔﺳﻔﺎط‬ ‫إﻧﺗﺎج‬ ‫ﺷل‬،‫اﻻﻣﺗﺣﺎﻧﺎت‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﻹداري‬ ‫اﻹﺿراب‬(...، -‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﻛذﻟك‬‫ﺗﻧظﯾم‬ ‫ﺗﺣول‬ ،"‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬"‫اﻟﻌﻧﺎﺻر‬ ‫أﺣد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﯾﺑﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟدﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﮭﯾﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫داﺧﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧف‬. ‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺣدﺗ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺷﻌور‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻌﻣق‬ ،‫ﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﺗﯾﺑﺎت‬ ‫وﺑﯾن‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬ ‫ﺑﻌدم‬‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺗﮭﺎ‬‫واﻟﺗﻲ‬ ،‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺻف‬ ‫ﻋﻣوﻣﺎ‬‫و‬ ‫واﻟﺑطء‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟرﺧﺎوة‬‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬.‫ﻋواﻣل‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﻌود‬‫ﻋدﯾدة‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬‫ﺗﺧﻠف‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣددة‬ ‫وﺟﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗراح‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫دورھﺎ‬ ‫ﻟﻌب‬ ‫ﻋن‬‫واﻟﺗﺄطﯾر‬‫واﻟ‬،‫دﻓﻊ‬‫اﻧﺷﻐﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﺣﻛم‬‫ﺑﺄوﺿﺎﻋﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﺗ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺗﺄھﯾل‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻘﺗﺿﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟﺗﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬‫أدوار‬‫ھﺎ‬‫اﻟذي‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬ ‫وﻣﺳؤوﻟﯾﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬‫ﺳﻣﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﺣ‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗور‬‫ﯾﺳﺗوﺟب‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫وھو‬ ،‫ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﺟﮭدا‬ ‫ووﻗﺗﺎ‬ ‫وإﻣﻛﺎﻧﯾﺎت‬‫ﯾﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫إﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬. ‫أﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟﻼﺗﻧﺎﺳب‬ ‫ھذا‬‫واﻟﺗرﺗﯾﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫و‬‫أﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟورﻗﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﺗﺳﻌﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫إﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺗرﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘدﯾم‬‫ﺗﺳﻣﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫واﻟﺑطء‬ ‫اﻻرﺗﺧﺎء‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬ ‫وﻣﻐﺎﻟﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﻧﮭوض‬‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬.‫ﻓ‬‫اﻟورﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺑدأ‬‫ﺑﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬‫دﻗﯾق‬ ‫ﻟطﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬1(،‫ﺛم‬‫ﺗﺗﻌرض‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﺎﺻر‬‫ﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫وﻣ‬ ‫ﻣﻔردة‬‫ﺗﺷﺎﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫وﻣﺗﻘﺎطﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬2(‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﻛﯾد‬‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎطﻲ‬ ‫ﺧطورة‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﺷﻛل‬‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎﺋﻲ‬،‫و‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬‫ﺿرورة‬ ‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫رﻏم‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺑﺎﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ھذه‬‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫طﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫وﺣﻠوﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﺣﺗﯾﺎﺟﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬،‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟورﻗﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺧﻠص‬‫ﺿرورة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻓر‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬3(‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﺗﻘدم‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺗرﺣﺎت‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻌﻠق‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣﺿﺎﻣﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫وھﻧدﺳﺗﮭﺎ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬4(‫ﻧﺟﺎﺣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻔﺎﺗﯾﺢ‬ ‫وأھم‬)‫اﻟﻔﺻل‬5(.
  • 4. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬4 1.‫طﺒﯿﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬‫وأ‬‫ﺑﺮز‬‫ﻋﻨﺎوﯾﻨﮭﺎ‬‫ﻓﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻌﻘﯿﺪ‬ ‫وﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ‬ ‫أ‬.‫واﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻮاﻓﻖ‬‫ﺣﻮل‬‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫ﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬‫ﻛﺒﺮى‬ ‫ﺣﺻل‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫أوﻟوﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﺧﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻟدى‬ ‫واﺳﻊ‬ ‫ﺗواﻓق‬‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬: -‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫ھو‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬، -‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوي‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫ﺣول‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻣﺣور‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫إﻧﺟﺎز‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑر‬‫ى‬، -‫اﻟﺗﺣدي‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺗﻣﺛل‬. ُ‫ﻌ‬‫ﺟﻣﯾ‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫وﺗﺑﻘﻰ‬‫ﮭﺎ‬‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﺗطور‬ ‫ﺣﺳب‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾﺑﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫وإن‬. ‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪي‬:‫ا‬‫ﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎل‬‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬‫اﻟﺴﻠﻄﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺮﺗﯿﺐ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯿﺲ‬ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﻧظﺎم‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫أﺳﻘطت‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺑداد‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﻣرﻛزة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋم‬‫واﺣدة‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬)‫اﻟرﺋﯾس‬/‫اﻟﺣزب‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﻛم‬(...‫و‬ ،‫أطﻠﻘت‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬)‫ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾطﻠق‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬(،‫ﺟوھرھﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ھﻲ‬ُ‫ة‬‫إﻋﺎد‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫ﻟﻠﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬ ‫اﻟﺣرﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﯾﺿﻣن‬ ‫ﺑوﺟﮫ‬‫واﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔردﯾﺔ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺑداد‬ ‫ﻋودة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫وﯾﻘطﻊ‬. ‫وﻗد‬ِ‫ة‬‫إﻋﺎد‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻛت‬‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫و‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫ﻣﺳﺎرا‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣﺣطﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدة‬ ‫ﻓﯾﮫ‬ ‫أﻧﺟزت‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ،‫دﺳﺗور‬2014 ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷود‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟم‬ ‫وﺣدد‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﻓق‬ ‫رﺳم‬ ‫اﻟذي‬. ‫و‬‫ﯾﻌﺗﻣد‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬‫ﻹ‬‫ﻋﺎدة‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫ﺑﺎﻷﺳﺎس‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬: -‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋدد‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬‫وﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻛل‬)‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬ ‫ﻧواب‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠس‬(...، -‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋدد‬‫اﻵﻟﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ‬)‫ﻛ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﻧظم‬(...‫واﻹﺟراءات‬)‫اﻟﻧﺻوص‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾﺑﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬(...، -‫ّج‬‫ر‬‫ﻣﺗد‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت‬‫ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه‬‫اﻻ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣزﯾد‬‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺟﺎم‬‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘواﻋد‬.
  • 5. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬5 ‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬‫طﻮﯾﻞ‬‫و‬‫ﻣﻌﻘﺪ‬ ‫دﺳﺗور‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬2014،‫ﺑﺎﻟﺧوف‬ ‫ﻣﺳﻛوﻧﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧت‬‫ﻋ‬ ‫ﺧطر‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺑداد‬ ‫ودة‬‫ﻓﻛﺎن‬ ،‫ﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬‫داﺧل‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﻲ‬ ُ‫د‬ّ‫د‬‫اﻟﺗﻌ‬،‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ‬ ‫أي‬)‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬/‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬/ ‫ﻣﺟﻠس‬‫ﻧواب‬‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬/‫ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬/‫اﻟﮭ‬‫ﯾﺋﺎت‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ‬/‫اﻟﺟﻣﺎﻋﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬...(،‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬‫ذﻟك‬‫ﯾﺳﺎھم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻻﺧﺗﺻﺎﺻﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻼﺣﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬ ‫وﯾﻣﻧﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠط‬ ‫ﻓﺻل‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬‫ﻟﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫رﻗﺎﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺑدأ‬ ‫ّس‬‫ر‬‫وﯾﻛ‬ ‫واﺣدة‬. ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬ ‫وﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬‫ﻋدﯾد‬‫ﻋﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫ات‬‫ﺟزﺋﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬)‫ﺧﺎﺻ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﻛل‬(‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗﺿﻣن‬‫ﺑﻧﺎءھﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺷﻐﯾﻠﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻛذﻟك‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺷﻛل‬‫ﺗوﻓﯾر‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ،‫ﻋد‬‫ﯾ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻠزﻣﺎت‬ ‫د‬،‫ﯾﺗﻌﻠق‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺎﻹطﺎر‬)‫إﻋداد‬‫اﻟﻘواﻧﯾن‬‫وﻣﻧﺎﻗﺷﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺻﺎدﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﺄﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟرأي‬ ‫وإﺑداء‬...(‫وﯾﻌﺗﺑر‬‫اﻟﺑﻌض‬‫اﻵﺧر‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣﺗطﻠﺑﺎت‬‫اﻻﺷﺗﻐﺎل‬)،‫اﻟﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺔ‬ ‫ھﯾﺎﻛل‬ ‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟﮭﯾزات‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﻘر‬(...‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﻧﺳﻰ‬ ‫أن‬ ‫دون‬ ،‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬،‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫طﻠﯾﻌﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬‫و‬‫ﻣ‬‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬ ‫ﻧواب‬ ‫ﺟﻠس‬، ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﺄھﯾل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬)‫ﻣراﺟﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﮭﯾﻛﻠﺔ‬‫وﻷ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣل‬ ‫ﺷﻛﺎل‬،‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوارد‬ ‫ﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬(...‫ﻟﺗﻘوم‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫اﻟوﺟﮫ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺑدورھﺎ‬.
  • 6. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬6 ‫ھذا‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫أن‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻼﺣظ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﯾﺗﻘدم‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﻋﻣوﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟواﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﺿﻐط‬ ‫ﺑﻔﻌل‬ ‫إﻻ‬)‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺎﻧون‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻛﮭﯾﺋﺔ‬(‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧون‬ ‫ﺿﻐط‬)‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﻟﻠﻣﺣﻛﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﺟﺎل‬(،‫ُﺧﺷﻰ‬‫ﯾ‬‫و‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟدﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﮭﺎوﯾﮫ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻗﻲ‬ ُ‫ل‬‫إھﻣﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷﺧرى‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫وﻏﻠﺑﺔ‬. ‫أﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻗﯿﺎدة‬‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬‫ﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺪم‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻖ‬ ‫وﺗﻀﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺋﺼﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﻜﻤﻞ‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫وإﯾﺟﺎد‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﺣ‬‫وﻣﻠ‬ ‫أﻛﯾدة‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻧت‬ ‫ھﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫واﺿﺣﺔ‬‫ﺗﻘود‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬)Pilotage(‫وﺗدﻓﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌددة‬ ‫ﻧﻘﺎﺋﺻﮫ‬ ‫وﺗﺳﺗدرك‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﺣو‬ ‫ﺑﮫ‬: -‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟ‬‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﺷﺗﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬، -‫ﺑ‬‫ﺿﺑط‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫زﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺟدوﻟﺔ‬‫وﺗﻔرض‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ب‬ّ‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗر‬‫ﻧﺳﻘﺎ‬)Cadence(‫ﯾﺣدث‬‫اﻟدﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬. ‫ت‬.‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪي‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬:‫ﺑﻨﺎء‬‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫واﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬‫وﻣﺎ‬‫ﯾﻘﺘﻀﯿ‬‫ﮫ‬‫ﻣﻦ‬‫ﻣﺒﺎدﻻت‬ ‫وﺗﻮاﻓﻘﺎت‬‫و‬‫ﺷﺮاﻛ‬‫ﺎت‬ ‫واﻗﻊ‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد‬‫اﻟﺘﻮﻧﺴﻲ‬:‫اﻟﻤﺄزق‬‫اﻟﺘﻨﻤﻮي‬‫واﻟﺤﺎﺟﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺘﺠﺎوز‬ ‫ظل‬‫أداء‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫ﺿﻌﯾﻔﺎ‬‫طوال‬‫اﻟﻌﻘد‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬،‫ﺣﯾث‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﺗﻣﻛن‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة‬‫ﻣن‬‫ھﺎﻣش‬‫اﻟﺗطور‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﺎح‬‫ﺑﺣﻛم‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬‫اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣدﯾﺛﺔ‬‫و‬‫اﻻﻧدراج‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﺎﻟم‬‫ﻣﺎ‬‫ﺑﻌد‬‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎﻋﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺗﻣد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫اﻟﻣﻌرﻓﺔ‬.‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻘدر‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﺑﻌﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫ﻧﻘﻠﺔ‬‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫ﺣﻘﯾﻘﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﻣﻛن‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺗﺣﺳﯾن‬‫ﻣﺳﺗو‬‫ى‬‫اﻟﻌﯾش‬‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬‫ﻣﻠﺣوظ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻏرار‬‫ﻋدﯾد‬‫اﻟﺑﻠدان‬‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬‫ﻧﻣوھﺎ‬‫ﺷﺑﯾﮭﺎ‬‫ﺑﺗوﻧس‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺑداﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺛﻣﺎﻧﯾﻧﺎت‬. ‫وﺗﻌﺑر‬‫ﻋن‬‫ھذا‬‫اﻟﺿﻌف‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﻲ‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺷرات‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬: -‫ﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫ﺗدرﯾﺟﻲ‬‫ﻟﻧﺳب‬‫اﻟﻧﻣو‬‫ﻣﺗﺄت‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﺎ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺗدﻧﻲ‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻌواﻣل‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج‬، -‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﻧﺧﻔﺿﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫وﻧﻘص‬‫ﻓﺎدح‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺎھﻣﺔ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫اﻟﺧﺎص‬، -‫ﻋﺟز‬‫ﺗﺟﺎري‬‫ﻣزﻣن‬‫أھم‬‫ﺳﻣﺎﺗﮫ‬‫اﻧﺧرام‬‫اﻟﻣﯾزان‬‫اﻟﻐذاﺋﻲ‬‫واﻟطﺎﻗﻲ‬‫وﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ‬‫ﺟدا‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺻﺎدرات‬‫اﻟﺗﻛﻧوﻟوﺟﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻘدﻣﺔ‬،‫إﺿﺎﻓﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻧﻔﺗﺎح‬‫ﺿﻌﯾف‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻷﺳواق‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة‬‫واﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﺷﺑﮫ‬‫ﻛﻠﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻋدد‬‫ﻣﺣدود‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻷﺳواق‬‫اﻷوروﺑﯾﺔ‬، -‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺑطﺎﻟﺔ‬،‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺗﻔﺎﻗﻣﮭﺎ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺻﻔوف‬‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬‫وأﺻﺣﺎب‬‫اﻟﺷﮭﺎدات‬‫اﻟﻌﻠﯾﺎ‬. َ‫وﺻﺎﺣ‬َ‫ب‬‫ھذا‬‫اﻟﺿﻌف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ٌ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫اﻧﻔرادﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إدارة‬‫اﻟﺷﺄن‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ٌ‫ر‬‫وﺗﺟذ‬‫ﻟﻠﻔﺳﺎد‬‫اﻟﻣﻣﻧﮭﺞ‬‫وﺣﯾف‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﺳﺗطﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫إﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ‬‫اﻟﺛروة‬‫اﻟﺣد‬‫ﻣﻧﮫ‬،‫وﻛﺎن‬‫ﻣن‬‫أﺑرز‬‫ﺗﺟﻠﯾﺎﺗﮫ‬‫اﺧﺗﻼﻻت‬‫ﺟﮭوﯾﺔ‬‫ﻛﺑﯾرة‬‫ﻣﺗﻌددة‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬،‫واﻷوﺟﮫ‬‫ﻓﺎﻧطﻠﻘت‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎطق‬‫اﻷﻛﺛر‬‫ﻓﻘرا‬‫وﺗﮭﻣﯾﺷﺎ‬‫ﻟﺗﻛﺷف‬‫ﻋﻣق‬‫اﻟﻣﺄزق‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوي‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﻲ‬‫وﻣﺣدودﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻧوال‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﻟﻲ‬: -‫ﺣﯾث‬‫أن‬‫ﻗﺎﺻرة‬ ‫اﻟﺛروة‬ ‫إﻧﺗﺎج‬ ‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻓﻘواﻧﯾن‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫ﺧﺎﻧﻘﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﻧﺎﻓﺳﺔ‬‫وﻣﻌززة‬‫ﻟﻼﻣﺗﯾﺎزات‬‫وﻣﺷﺟﻌﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺳﺎد‬‫واﻟﺑﺣث‬‫ﻋن‬‫اﻟرﯾﻊ‬،‫و‬‫ﯾﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻘطﺎع‬‫اﻟﻣﺻرﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬‫ﻛﺑﯾرة‬،‫و‬‫ﺗﺷﮭد‬‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗرﺑﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬ ‫واﻟﺗﻛوﯾن‬‫إﺧﻼﻻت‬‫ﻋﻣﯾﻘﺔ‬،‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬ّ‫د‬‫ﺗﺣ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫اﻟﻠوﺟﺳﺗﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣردودﯾﺔ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎرات‬‫و‬‫ﺗﺗﺳﺑب‬‫اﻹﺷﻛﺎﻻت‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻘﺎرﯾﺔ‬‫ﺷدﯾدة‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﻘﯾد‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻌطﯾل‬‫ﺟزء‬‫ھﺎم‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﺎرﯾﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‬،‫و‬‫أﺻﺑﺢ‬‫اﻟﻌﺟز‬‫اﻟطﺎﻗﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻔﺎﻗم‬‫ﯾﺷﻛل‬‫ﻋﺎﺋﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺑﯾرا‬‫أﻣﺎم‬‫اﻹﻗﻼع‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫ﯾﺿﺎف‬‫إﻟﯾﮫ‬‫ﻧدرة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﯾﺎه‬‫ﺗﮭدد‬‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬‫اﻷﺟﯾﺎل‬‫اﻟﻘﺎدﻣﺔ‬...
  • 7. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬7 -‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬ّ‫أن‬‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻏﯾر‬ ‫اﻟﺛروة‬ ‫ﺗوزﯾﻊ‬ ‫إﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬،‫ﻓ‬‫ﻧظﺎم‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﺎﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﺧﺗل‬‫وﻏﯾر‬‫ﻋﺎدل‬‫و‬‫ﺗﻌﯾش‬‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑداﯾﺎت‬‫ﻋﺟز‬‫ﺳﯾﺗﻔﺎﻗم‬‫ﺑﺳرﻋﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺳﻧوات‬‫اﻟﻘﻠﯾﻠﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬،‫و‬‫ﯾﺑﻠﻎ‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫واﻟدﻋم‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘ‬‫ﻊ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫دون‬‫أن‬ ‫ﯾ‬‫ﻛون‬‫ﻟﻣﺳﺗﺣﻘﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺿرورة‬ ‫ﻣوﺟﮭﺎ‬،‫وﺗﺷﮭد‬‫اﻟﻧﺗﺎﺋﺞ‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻘﻘﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫ﺧدﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺻﺣﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬‫واﻟﻧﻘل‬‫ﺗﺑﺎطؤا‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗطور‬‫وﺗﻔﺎوﺗﺎ‬‫ﺟﮭوﯾﺎ‬‫ﻻﻓﺗﺎ‬... ‫ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺪات‬‫اﻟﻤﺮﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﺔ‬‫واﺧﺘﻼل‬‫اﻟﺘﻮازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻜﻠﯿﺔ‬‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬‫اﻟﺜﻮرة‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬‫ﺑﺟواﻧب‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎرات‬،‫اﻷﺧرى‬‫ﻓﺗﺄﺛر‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫ﺑﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬‫وﺗﻌﻘﯾدات‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫وﺗﺣﻣل‬‫ﺟزءا‬‫ھﺎﻣﺎ‬‫ﻣن‬‫أﻋﺑﺎ‬‫ﺋﮫ‬‫ﺑﺗﺧﻔﯾﻔﮫ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺣدة‬‫اﻟﺗوﺗر‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫ﻓﺑﻠﻐت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﺳﻌﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻹﻧﻔﺎق‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﺣدودھﺎ‬‫اﻟﻘﺻوى‬‫وﺗﺣﻣﻠت‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﺳط‬‫اﻷﻛﺑر‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬‫ﻋﺑر‬‫ﺗﺳوﯾﺎت‬‫ﻋدﯾدة‬‫وﻣﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫ﺗﺳﺑﺑت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬‫ﻋدد‬‫اﻷﻋوان‬‫وﺣﺟم‬‫اﻷﺟور‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘطﺎع‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬. ‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫ﺷﮭدت‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗراﺟﻌﺎ‬‫ﻛﺑﯾر‬‫ا‬‫ﻟدور‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺣﺿورھﺎ‬‫ّى‬‫د‬‫أ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬‫اﻟﻘطﺎع‬‫ﻏﯾر‬‫اﻟﻣﮭﯾﻛل‬‫وﺗﻌدد‬‫ﻣظﺎھر‬ ‫ﺗداﺧﻠﮫ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗﮭرﯾب‬‫واﻹﺟرام‬‫و‬‫ﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺻﺣﺔ‬‫وﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬‫وﻧﻘل‬‫و‬‫ﺗﻘﮭﻘر‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫إﺳداء‬‫اﻟﺧدﻣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺿرورﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻧﺷﺎط‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫و‬‫ﺗدھور‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻟﺑﯾﺋﻲ‬‫وﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻧﺎﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧظﺎﻓﺔ‬... ،‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻛن‬‫ﺣوﻛﻣﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫طرف‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﺎﻗﺑﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬: -‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹدارة‬:‫ﺻﻌﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﯾﺷﺎ‬ ‫أﻓرز‬ ‫أول‬ ‫دﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﯾن‬‫واﻹدارة‬‫ﺗﺳﺑب‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣزﯾد‬‫ﺗﻌطﯾل‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬، -‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬:‫ﺧطوات‬‫ﻧﺣو‬‫اﻟﻣﺄﺳﺳﺔ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻛﺗﻣل‬)‫ز‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ُر‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫ﻟم‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺣوار‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬(‫وﺑروز‬”‫إﺷﻛﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬“‫اﻟﺗﻌددﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺷرﻛﺎء‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﯾن‬، -‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬:‫ﺗﻌﺛر‬‫اﻟوظﯾﻔﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬‫طﺑﯾﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫وﻏﯾﺎب‬‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬‫ﺗﺷرﯾﻌﻲ‬‫ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣل‬‫ﻟﻠﺣﻛوﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﺎﻗﺑﺔ‬. ‫ﻓﻘد‬ ،‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻸوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫ﺗزاﻣﻧت‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺗواﺻل‬‫رﻛود‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫اﻷوروﺑﻲ‬‫وﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫إﻣدادات‬ ‫اﻟﻐﺎز‬‫اﻟﺟزاﺋري‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫أوروﺑﺎ‬‫وﺗﻌطل‬‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫وارﺗﻔﺎع‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻌﻧف‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟﯾﺑﯾﺎ‬. ‫ﻛل‬‫ذﻟك‬‫أدى‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺗواﺻل‬‫ﺗدھور‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﺧﺗﻼل‬‫اﻟﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫وﺗراﺟﻊ‬‫اﻟﺗرﻗﯾم‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎدي‬‫ﻟﻠدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬‫واﻧﺧﻔﺎض‬‫ﺳﻌر‬‫ﺻرف‬‫اﻟدﯾﻧﺎر‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ارﺗﻔﺎع‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﺗﺿﺧم‬،‫ﻣﻣﺎ‬‫أﺛر‬‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﻣﻘدرة‬‫اﻟﺷراﺋﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣواطﻧﯾن‬. ‫ﻣﻦ‬‫أﺟﻞ‬‫ﻋﻘﺪ‬‫اﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬‫واﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﺟﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﺣﺎﺻل‬‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص‬‫ﯾؤدي‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﻧوال‬‫ﺗﻧﻣوي‬‫وطﻧﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺗدام‬‫ﺟدﯾد‬‫ﯾﺟد‬‫ﻣرﺟﻌﯾﺗﮫ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫دﺳﺗور‬2014‫وﯾواﺋم‬‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬،‫ﺑرﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬‫دوﻟﺔ‬‫ذات‬‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫إﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ودور‬‫ﺗﻌدﯾﻠﻲ‬‫وﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﺗﺷﺎرﻛﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫إدارة‬‫اﻟﺷﺄن‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬.
  • 8. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬8 ‫و‬‫ﺣﺎﺻل‬‫ﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﯾؤدي‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬: 1.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫وﺿﻊ‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﯾﺣﺗﻣل‬‫ﺗﺄﺟﯾل‬‫إﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﻣﻌﻘدة‬‫وواﺳﻌﺔ‬‫وﻣﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬،‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫إﺟﻣﺎﻟﮭﺎ‬‫ﺗﺣت‬‫ﻋﻧوان‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬، 2.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﻛﺛﯾر‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﯾﮭﺎ‬‫ذﻟك‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬‫ﺗﻘوم‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﺿﺣﯾﺎت‬‫ظرﻓﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻗد‬‫ﺗطول‬‫أو‬‫ﻣﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬‫ﻣﻧزوﻋﺔ‬‫أو‬‫ﻣﺳﺎھﻣﺎت‬‫ﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬، 3.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫أﻛﯾدة‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﺻﺎﺣﺑﺔ‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺑراﻣﺞ‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﺣد‬‫ﻣن‬‫آﺛﺎرھﺎ‬‫اﻟﺳﻠﺑﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺋﺎت‬‫اﻟﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﺗوﺳطﺔ‬‫ب‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫وﺗﺟ‬‫ﻗﻼﻗل‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﺣﺎدة‬‫ﺗﻌطل‬‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻹﺻﻼح‬، 4.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬‫ﯾﺣﺗﺎج‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫وﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫و‬‫ﺷراﻛﺔ‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻷطراف‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬، 5.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﻘﯾﺎم‬‫ﺑﺗﻠك‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬‫ﺗوﻓر‬‫اﻹرادة‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫وﻗوﺗﮭﺎ‬‫واﺳﺗﻣرارھﺎ‬‫وإﺻرارھﺎ‬‫ﺣﺗﻰ‬‫ﺗﺳﺗﻘر‬ ‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫و‬‫ﻘﻧﻊ‬‫ﺑوﺟﺎھﺗﮭﺎ‬، 6.ّ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﯾﺣﺗﺎج‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﯾ‬‫آﻟ‬‫ﺔ‬ّ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳ‬‫ﺗﺣﻘق‬‫ﺗواﻓﻘﺎ‬‫ﺣول‬‫اﻹﺟراءات‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬ِ‫وﺗرﺗﯾب‬ ‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫واﻟﺧﯾﺎرات‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬. ّ‫إن‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﯾﻌﻣل‬‫ﺣﺎﻟﯾﺎ‬‫ﺿﻣن‬‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻻت‬‫اﻟﻣﻧوال‬‫اﻟﻘدﯾم‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﯾﺳﺗطﯾﻊ‬‫ﺗﺧطﯾﮭﺎ‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻘدر‬‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﺟدﻟﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺟدﯾدة‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﺗﺣرﯾك‬‫اﻟﺧطوط‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬،‫و‬‫ﻛﺄن‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫اﻟﯾوم‬‫ﻏﯾر‬‫ﻗﺎدرة‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫إﻋﺎدة‬‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺣﯾث‬‫ﯾﻛون‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺧدﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟرﻏم‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺗدھور‬ ‫ﺗواﺻل‬‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫و‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬. ‫ث‬.‫اﻷﻣﻨﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪي‬:‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺸﮭﺪ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﻣﺴﺘﻘﺮة‬ ‫وإﻗﻠﯿﻤﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺤﻠﯿﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﺤﻜﻤﺔ‬ ‫ظﺎھﺮة‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻟﻌﺪﯾﺪ‬‫ﻟﺴﻨﻮات‬ ‫ﯾﺗﺄﻛد‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ظﺎھرة‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺣﻛﺎم‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫واﺳﺗﻣرارھﺎ‬‫ﻟﺳﻧوات‬‫ﻋدﯾدة‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋدﯾدة‬ ‫ﻋواﻣل‬ ‫ﺗظﺎﻓر‬ ‫ظل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬: -‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﯾط‬ ‫ﺑﻠدان‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﺧطر‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎظم‬‫ﻟﺗوﻧس‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺑﺎﺷر‬)‫ﻣﺻر‬ ،‫ﻟﯾﺑﯾﺎ‬،‫اﻟﺟزاﺋر‬،‫ﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬(‫اﻟﻌﺎﻟم‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ )‫أوروﺑﺎ‬ ،‫اﻷوﺳط‬ ‫اﻟﺷرق‬(...، -‫اﻟﺗوﺗر‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺎطق‬ ‫ﺗﻌدد‬‫واﺳﺗﺣﻛﺎﻣﮭﺎ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻟﺑﻼدﻧﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﻐراﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎء‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻧﺳﯾﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻣوﻋﺎت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧطﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻘل‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫وﻗدرﺗﮭﺎ‬‫اﻟﺣدود‬ ‫ﻋﺑر‬، -‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﻧﺳﯾن‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﺎﺻر‬‫وراء‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺳﯾﺎق‬‫اﻟﺟﮭﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطروﺣﺎت‬. ‫ﯾﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺴﺐ‬‫ﺗﺤﻘﯿﻖ‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻨﺠﺎﻋﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤﻜﺎﻓﺤﺔ‬‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬‫و‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻈﺎھﺮة‬ ‫ﻋﺰل‬‫ﻋﻦ‬‫رواﻓﺪھﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﺤﺎﺿﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌرﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﺳب‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺗﺑر‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ِ‫ب‬‫اﻟﺣر‬ ‫أو‬‫اﻟﺳﻧوات‬ ‫ﻗﺎدم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﺳﺗواﺟﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫أھم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬ ،َ‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻌﻣل‬‫ﺑﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬ٍ‫ﻣواز‬ ‫وﺑﺷﻛل‬‫اﺗﺟﺎھﯾن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬:‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت‬‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫رواﻓدھﺎ‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫وﻋزﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﺣﺎﺿﻧﮭﺎ‬‫أﺧرى‬ ‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻘﺻﯾر‬ ‫اﻟﻣدى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫اﻟﺣﯾﻠوﻟﺔ‬ ‫أﺟل‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ،‫ودﯾﻣوﻣﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺿﺧﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫دون‬ ،‫واﻟﻣﺗوﺳط‬.
  • 9. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬9 ‫ﻣﻘﺗﺿﯾﺎت‬ ‫أھم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫وﻟﻌل‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬: -‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻓر‬‫إﺟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬‫ﺗرﺳم‬‫اﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻓق‬‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﮭذه‬، -‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺎت‬‫ﻣﻐﺎرﺑﯾﺎ‬‫ل‬ّ‫ز‬‫ﻧ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫ﺧطط‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺗﻧﺎﺳﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟواﻗﻊ‬ ‫أرض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬، -‫ﺗﺣﺟﯾم‬‫اﻟﺑﺳﯾﻛوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫وآﺛﺎرھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟرأي‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬، -‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫اﻻﻟﺗﻔﺎف‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫واﻟﻣدﻧﻲ‬‫واﻹﻋﻼﻣﻲ‬‫واﻟﺷﻌﺑﻲ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﮭود‬ ‫ﺣول‬. َ‫د‬‫ﺟﮭ‬ ‫وﺗﻌﺗرض‬‫اﻟ‬‫ذﻟك‬ ‫وﻣن‬ ،‫وﺗوﺟﯾﮭﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﺗﻛﯾﯾف‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬ ‫ﺑﻌﯾن‬ ‫أﺧذھﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ٌ‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬: -‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟزﻣﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻣﺗداد‬‫ﻺرھﺎب‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬ ‫واﻟذي‬‫ﻧﻔس‬ ‫طول‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬، -‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗطور‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺗﮫ‬‫وأﺳﺎﻟﯾﺑﮫ‬ ‫ﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺎﺗﮫ‬‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬ ،‫ﯾ‬‫ﻣﺗواﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻣواﻛﺑﺔ‬ ‫رﺻدا‬ ‫ﺳﺗوﺟب‬ ‫و‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻷﺳﺎﻟﯾب‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗﻣرا‬ ‫ﺗﺣﯾﯾﻧﺎ‬. ‫اﻟﻤﻌﺎﻟﺠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ‬ ‫ﺗﺤﺪﯾﺪ‬‫ﯾﻘﺘﻀﻲ‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻀﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وطﻨﯿﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺴﻢ‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺷﺎرﻛﺔ‬ ،‫واﻟﺣﺳم‬ ‫اﻟﻣوازﻧﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬: 1.‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﻔﺎظ‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﻧظﺎم‬‫ورﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣرﯾﺎت‬. 2.‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬‫واﺣﺗرام‬‫اﻹﻧﺳﺎن‬ ‫ﺣﻘوق‬. 3.‫اﻟﻣﻌﻠوﻣﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻔﺎذ‬ ‫ﺣق‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺷﻔﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬‫وﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﻘﯾﯾد‬‫ﻟﻠﺧﺻوﺻﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣراﻋﺎة‬.
  • 10. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬10 4.‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎون‬‫اﻟدوﻟﻲ‬‫ﺿرورة‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﻘﺎرب‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫واﻟﺣﻔﺎظ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﻘﻼﻟﯾﺔ‬. 5.‫اﻟدﯾﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫إدارة‬‫ﺿﻣﺎن‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬‫ﺣرﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﻣﺎرﺳﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻔﻛر‬ ‫اﻟرأي‬‫وﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻣﻧﺎﺧﺎت‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻐﻼل‬ ‫اﻟﺣرﯾﺔ‬. 6.‫اﻟﺣدودﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎطق‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﮭرﯾب‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻘﺗﺿﯾﺎت‬‫وﺧﺷﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺎﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣﺎﻣﮫ‬. ‫ﺑﻠﻐﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺤﺪة‬ ‫درﺟﺔ‬‫اﻹرھ‬‫ﺎب‬‫ﺗﺴﺘﻮﺟﺐ‬‫ﺗﻜ‬‫ﯿ‬‫ﯿﻔﺎ‬‫ﺳﺮﯾﻌﺎ‬‫ﻋﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺴﺘﻮﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﻘوﻣﺎت‬ ‫ﺿرب‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﮭداف‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺗﺣوﻻ‬ ‫ﺗوﻧس‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﯾﺷﮭد‬)،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت‬(...‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﺳﺗوﺟب‬ ،‫ﺗﻛﯾﯾ‬‫ﺳرﯾﻌﺎ‬ ‫ﻔﺎ‬‫ﻧوﻋﯾﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺣوﻻ‬)Switch(‫اﻷﺻﻌدة‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬: -‫ﺑوﺿﻊ‬ ‫اﻹﺟراءات‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺧطط‬‫ﻟﻠطوارئ‬)Plans d’urgence(‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﺗﺣ‬‫اﻹﺟراءات‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬)،‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺷﻔﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎءات‬(...‫و‬‫إﺟراءات‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫ﻟﻠﻘطﺎﻋﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﺿررة‬،‫ﯾﺗم‬‫ﺗﺣﯾﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬‫ﻣﺗواﺻل‬، -‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوي‬ ‫ﻣﻧوال‬،‫ﺑﺈ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬ ‫ھﯾﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﺎدة‬‫إدﻣﺎﺟﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻌطﻰ‬‫ﺗداﻋﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﯾﻌﻧﯾﮫ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬)‫اﻧﺧﻔﺎض‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎرات‬‫اﻷﺟﻧﺑﯾﺔ‬،‫اﻟﻣﺑﺎﺷرة‬‫اﻷوﺿﺎع‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻼﺋﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫وﻧوﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﺣﺟم‬ ‫اﻟﺟدﯾدة‬...(، -،‫اﻟﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺑﺎﻗﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﻔﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺗﻛﯾﯾف‬‫ﻠﺗداﻋﯾﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻺرھﺎب‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬ )،‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬‫اﻧﺧﻔﺎض‬‫اﻟﻣداﺧﯾل‬،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﻛﺎﻟﯾف‬‫اﻹﺟراءات‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﺟﻠﺔ‬‫وإﺟراءات‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫ﻟﻠﻘطﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﺿررة‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺷﺂت‬ ‫ﺗﺄﻣﯾن‬ ،...(، -،‫اﻟﺷﻌﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺑﺗوﻓﯾر‬‫ﻣﻘوﻣﺎت‬‫اﻟﺻﻣود‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬)Résilience(‫و‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﯾﻘظﺔ‬ ‫ﺛﻘﺎﻓﺔ‬ ‫إرﺳﺎء‬ ‫اﻟﯾﻘظﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﮭد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎدرة‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫وإﺷراك‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫واﻟﺗوﻗﻲ‬)‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠ‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺎت‬ ،‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫ﯾ‬‫أو‬ ‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺎ‬ ‫ن‬ ‫اﻟﻣواطﻧ‬ ،‫ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﯾﺎ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺎ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ن‬(. ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻤﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﺮاﺗﯿﺠﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻞ‬ ‫ﻣﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺗوﺻﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺧﻼﺻﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﻛﯾد‬ ‫وﯾﻣﻛن‬: -‫ﺗﺗﺻدى‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫ﺑﻣﻔردھﺎ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ظﺎھرة‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻣﻧدﻣﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﺷرك‬ُ‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬‫و‬‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫إﺟﻣﺎﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫و‬‫ﻛﺑرى‬ ‫ﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫وﺷﻌﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫وإﻋﻼﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗﻌﺗﺑر‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﻓﺣﺔ‬‫ﻗﺿﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣزﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎرات‬ ‫ﻓوق‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫واﻹدﯾوﻟوﺟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺑﻼد‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺎت‬ ‫وﻣن‬، -‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫و‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫رؤﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬‫ﺷﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ووﻗﺎﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﺑﺎﻗﯾﺔ‬‫اﻷﺑﻌﺎد‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻌددة‬‫أﺟل‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺻدي‬‫ﻧﺎﺟﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬ ‫ﻠظﺎھرة‬، -‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺑد‬ ‫ﻻ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻧوﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺣول‬‫ﯾﺗﻣﺎﺷ‬ ‫ﺳرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ف‬ّ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺗﻛ‬‫ﻰ‬‫اﻟﺗطورات‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬‫ﺑﻠﻐﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫ّة‬‫د‬‫اﻟﺣ‬ ‫ودرﺟﺔ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﺷﮭدھﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬، -‫ﯾﻣﺛل‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺗﻣر‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﮭذه‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣطﺔ‬،‫ﯾﺑﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺣﯾث‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷرﺿﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺣﺗﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺿرﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺗﯾﻌﺎب‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ن‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺗﻣ‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ّع‬‫د‬‫ﺗﺻ‬ ‫دون‬ ‫ﻺرھﺎب‬‫أ‬ ‫اﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻧﮭﯾﺎر‬ ‫أو‬‫و‬‫اﺿطراب‬ ‫ﻣﺟﺗﻣﻌﻲ‬.
  • 11. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬11 2.‫اﻟﺘﻌﻘﯿﺪات‬‫ﻣﺠﺘﻤﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أ‬.ُ‫ﻚ‬‫ﺗﺸﺎﺑ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫ﺑﯿﻨﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﻟﺠﺪل‬‫ﻋﻨﺼﺮ‬‫ﺗﻌﻘﯿﺪ‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻣراﻋﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﯾﻧﺑﻐﻲ‬ ‫إﺿﺎﻓﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻣراره‬ ‫ورﺟﺣﺎن‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎﺑك‬ ‫ﯾﺷﻛل‬‫واﺳﺗﺣﺿﺎره‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻧد‬. ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎﻟﯿﻦ‬ ‫ﺑﯿﻦ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪل‬‫واﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ ‫ﺗﻣﺛل‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﺟﺎرب‬‫ﺗﺣوﻻ‬‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوﯾﯾن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫وﺗ‬‫ﺳﺗدﻋﻲ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳب‬ )Bon°séquencement(‫ﺑﯾن‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾرات‬‫اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾرات‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬. ‫ﺗﻘدﻣت‬ ،‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫أﺛﻧﺎء‬ُ‫اﻟﻣطﺎﻟب‬‫ذات‬‫اﻟطﺎﺑﻊ‬‫ﺗﻠك‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬َ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗﻌﻠﻘ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺟواﻧب‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﻟﻛن‬ ، ‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺳﻠم‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧر‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﺣﺳﺎب‬‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻷﻛﺑر‬ ‫اﻟﺟزء‬ ‫وﺗﺣﻣل‬ ‫ﺑل‬ ، ،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫اﻟﯾوم‬ ‫ُﺧﺷﻰ‬‫ﯾ‬‫و‬‫ﻣن‬‫أن‬ ‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺣﻘﺎﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬ ‫ل‬ّ‫ﺗﻌط‬‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﯾﮭ‬‫ﺑذﻟك‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻛﺎﺳب‬ ‫وﻣﻧﺟزاﺗﮫ‬. ‫اﻟﺛورة‬20112012-201320142015‫ﺑﻌدھﺎ‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺳﺑق‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻘدم‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﯾﺗﺄﺧر‬ ‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬ ‫ﯾﺗﻌﺛر‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺗظرا‬ ‫ﯾﺗوﻗف‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫ّد‬‫د‬‫ﯾﮭ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ -17‫دﯾﺳﻣﺑر‬ 2010:‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬ ‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ -14‫ﺟﺎﻧﻔﻲ‬ 2011:‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬ ‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ -‫ﺗﻘدم‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫إﻧﺟﺎز‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫اﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬( -‫ﺗﺄﺧر‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬ -‫ﺗﻌﺛر‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﺻﻌوﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﺳﺑب‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫اﻻﺳﺗﻘطﺎب‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺛر‬ ،‫اﻻﻏﺗﯾﺎﻻت‬ ،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺄﺳﯾﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬(... -‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻣل‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ )‫اﻟﺗﺳوﯾﺎت‬‫ا‬‫ﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬(... -‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘدم‬ )‫اﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ،‫دﺳﺗور‬(... -‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫ﯾﻌد‬ ‫ﻟم‬ ‫ﻗﺎدرا‬‫ﻣواﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﺣﻣل‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻛﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻧظرا‬ ،‫ﻟﺣﺎﺟﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺗﻧﺎﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ھﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬ -‫ﺧﺷﯾﺔ‬‫ﯾؤﺛر‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺗﻌطل‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬)‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬ ،‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣطﺎﻟب‬ ‫اﻟﺟﮭ‬‫ﺎت‬‫ﺑطﺎﻟﺔ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬(... ‫اﻧﺘﻘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ل‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﺳﺘﮭﺪاف‬‫ا‬‫ﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎد‬‫اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺴﺎر‬ ‫إﻋﺎﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﺸﻠﮫ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺪ‬ ‫ﺗﺷﻛل‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬‫ﺗداﻋﯾﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬)،‫اﻟﺷﺑﺎب‬ ‫ﺗطرف‬‫ﺗوﺳﻊ‬‫ا‬،‫ﻟﻸﻗطﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﺑرة‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟرﯾﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺳﯾﺦ‬ ،‫ﻟﺗﮭرﯾب‬ ‫ﺗﮭدﯾد‬‫ﻟﻼﺷﺗﻌﺎل‬ ‫ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫وﻧزاﻋﺎت‬ ‫اﺿطراﺑﺎت‬ ،‫اﻟﺣدودي‬ ‫اﻷﻣن‬...(‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺑﺎﺷرا‬ ‫ﺗﮭدﯾدا‬‫ﻼﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟ‬‫ﯾن‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫واﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬. ‫و‬‫ﯾﺗﻐذى‬‫ﺻورﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬”‫اﻟداﻋﺷﯾﺔ‬“–‫ﻹﻗﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬”‫اﻹﺳﻼﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬“‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﻘﺎض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬–‫ﺟ‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوﺿوﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺷروط‬:
  • 12. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬12 -‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬ ‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫وطﻧﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺎت‬ ‫وﺿﯾﺎع‬، -‫ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬ ‫اﻧﺣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﺑداﺋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻋﺗﺑﺎرات‬)Primaires(‫واﻟﺟﮭوﯾ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟطﺎﺋﻔﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫أو‬ ‫واﻟﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺿﯾﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎذﺑﺎت‬، -‫ﺗداﺧل‬‫واﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎذﺑﺎت‬‫وﺗﻌﻘﯾداﺗﮫ‬ ‫اﻟداﺧﻠﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺷﺄن‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬. ‫وﻗد‬‫ﺗﺳﺑب‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬‫ﺳﻧﺔ‬2013‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫زﻋزﻋﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫و‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗداﻋﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﮫ‬ ‫ﻛﺎن‬ ّ‫م‬َ‫ﺛ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ )‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺗرﻗﯾم‬ ‫ﺗﺧﻔﯾض‬‫ﺗﺄﺛر‬ ،‫ﻗطﺎع‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺣﺔ‬.(... ‫و‬‫اﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫إﻧﺟﺎز‬ ‫ﺑﻌد‬2014‫وأﻣﺎم‬‫اﻟ‬‫ﺗﻣﺎﺳك‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫اﻟﻧﺳﺑﻲ‬‫ﻠﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫و‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻘرار‬ ‫ﺑداﯾﺔ‬،‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫اﻧﺗﻘل‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﺳﺗﮭداف‬ ‫ﻣﺑﺎﺷر‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬. ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﺘﺸﺎﺑﻚ‬ ‫ﺣﻮﺻﻠﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫واﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻞ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎﺿﻲ‬ ‫ﻛﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻘﺑﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﺗرﺗﯾن‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎﺑك‬ ‫ﺣوﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬:
  • 13. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬13 ‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺠﻐﺮاﺳﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻮﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﻘﺎطﻊ‬ ‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﻔﮭم‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ّﺔ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﻋﺻ‬ ،‫ﺑﻼدﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺗﺗﺟﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ،‫واﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻛﺛﯾر‬ ‫ﺗﺑدو‬ ‫و‬ ،‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌطﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻘط‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠﯾﻣﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺣﻠﯾل‬‫ﻟﮭذه‬ ‫واﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺧﻠﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﻣق‬ ‫اﻟﻧظر‬ ‫واﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺿﺎﯾﺎ‬‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﺎﺳﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻧﺑﺎط‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ،‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ،‫أﺑﻌﺎدھﺎ‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻔﮭﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬: -‫اﻻﻧﺗﺑﺎه‬ ‫دون‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌطﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺻري‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻧﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺷﺑﻛﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺛﻼ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻓﻘﺿﯾﺔ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺎت‬ ‫ﺷﺑﻛﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺻﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘﺎطﻌﺎت‬،‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻔﻛري‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ،‫ودوﻟﯾﺎ‬ ‫إﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺗطورھﺎ‬ ‫وآﻓﺎق‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻓﮭم‬ ‫وﺑﺎﻟﺗﺎﻟﻲ‬ ،‫واﻟﻠوﺟﺳﺗﻲ‬، -‫و‬‫ﺣﺗﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬ ،‫وﺗﻘوﯾﺿﮭﺎ‬ ‫زﻋزﻋﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫وﯾﺣﻔظﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺣﺻﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬ ‫اﻟوﻟﯾدة‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻧدراج‬ ‫ﺗﺣدي‬ ‫ﺣﺗ‬ ،‫وﺗﺣوﻟﮫ‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟدوﻟﻲ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺣﯾطﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﮭم‬‫ﻰ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺗﺑﯾن‬‫اﻟﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬ ‫ﻟﺣﻔظ‬ ‫اﻷﻧﺳب‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺣﺿن‬‫ودﻋم‬ ‫إﺿﻌﺎﻓﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘوى‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺎطر‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫واﻟﺣد‬ ‫ﺗطورھﺎ‬‫وﺗﻘوﯾﺿﮭﺎ‬، -‫ﻛﻣﺎ‬‫أ‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫وﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺑﻼد‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺻﺎﻟﺢ‬ ‫ن‬‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎرﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬ ‫واﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻣوﯾل‬ ‫ﺣرﻛﯾﺗﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺣﯾطﻧﺎ‬ ‫دﻗﯾﻘﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﮭﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﺣﺗم‬ ‫وﻏﯾرھﺎ‬،‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﯾن‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫ﺿﺑط‬‫أوﻟوﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻋﻼﻗﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬‫وﺗﺣﺎﻟﻔﺎﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﻗﻠﯾﻣﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﺧﯾﺎراﺗ‬ ‫وﺗدﻗﯾق‬‫ﮭ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾ‬ ‫ﺎ‬‫ﺔ‬.
  • 14. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬14 3.‫ﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺒﻼد‬‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫ﺑﻤﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ُﻌﻨﻰ‬‫ﺗ‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬ ‫أ‬.‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬‫اﻟﻄﺮﯾﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﺮﺳﻢ‬‫و‬‫ﻓﯿﮫ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﻘﺪم‬ ‫ﻧﺴﻖ‬ ‫ﺗﻀﺒﻂ‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫اﺣﺗﺎﺟت‬ ‫ﻟﺋن‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﻠول‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬،‫ﻓﺈن‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﺻل‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎﺑك‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬‫ﯾﻘﺗﺿﻲ‬‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﻠول‬ ‫ﺗﻧدرج‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻣل‬ ‫ﻲ‬ّ‫ﻠ‬‫ﻛ‬‫ّﻰ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻣﺳ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬ ‫ﻧطﻠق‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ،‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫أو‬ ‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫ﻟﺗﻌزﯾز‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬. ‫و‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺗ‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﺣﻘق‬: -‫اﻟﻣﺳك‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬‫ﺑزﻣﺎم‬‫اﻷﻣور‬‫رﺳﺎﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ،‫ﻣﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠداﺧل‬)‫اﻟﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﻗواه‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬(‫و‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻣطﻣﺋﻧﺔ‬‫ﻠﺧﺎرج‬)‫اﻟدوﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﺛﻣرﯾن‬ ‫وﻛذﻟك‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻣوﻟﺔ‬(، -،‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺗوﺿﯾﺢ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫واﻟرأي‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﯾطﻣﺋن‬ ‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﺣول‬‫اﻟ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑل‬‫ﻟﻠ‬ ‫ﻘرﯾب‬‫ﺑﻼد‬، -‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬ّ‫ﺑث‬‫ﺟدﯾد‬ ‫ﻧﻔس‬‫و‬‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫إﺣداث‬‫ا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻟﺑﻼد‬‫اﻟﺗﺣﻛم‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻧﺳق‬‫ﯾ‬ ‫اﻟذي‬‫ﺣدد‬‫ﺑدوره‬‫ﻧﺳق‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﻔﺿﺎءات‬‫واﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬)‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬،‫اﻹﺻﻼح‬‫اﻟﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺞ‬‫اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌ‬‫ﻲ‬،‫ﻋﻣل‬ ‫ﻧﺳق‬،‫اﻹدارة‬‫اﻟﺣراك‬ ‫اﻟدﺑﻠوﻣﺎﺳﻲ‬(...، -‫اﻹ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﻧﻰ‬‫دﻣﺎج‬‫ﯾطﻣﺋن‬ ‫اﻟذي‬ ،‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫إدراج‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫أوﻟوﯾﺎ‬‫ﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﮭﺎ‬)‫ﺧﺎرطﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وﻗﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺎ‬ ‫ﺷﺎﻛﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫طرﯾ‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺣوار‬ ‫ق‬(،‫ﺑﻣﺎ‬‫و‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺟﻣﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺿﻣﺎﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﯾوﻓر‬‫اﻟﺿﻐط‬ ‫ﯾﺧﻔف‬‫ﻋن‬‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺎت‬)،‫اﻟﺣﻘوﻗﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣطﻠﺑﯾﺔ‬،‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺔ‬(.... ‫اﻟداﺧﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺗﻧزل‬ ،‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدات‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ّع‬‫ر‬‫وﺗﺗﻔ‬‫واﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬: -‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬،‫اﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬ ‫وإﻋﺎدة‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺳﯾس‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ا‬‫ﻷ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫و‬‫ط‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﮭ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺣ‬‫د‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ت‬ ‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ج‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﮭ‬‫ﺎ‬‫د‬‫ئ‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﻣ‬‫و‬‫ذ‬‫ج‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫و‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬‫ﻓ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻔ‬‫ﺿ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ء‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻐ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﺑ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ء‬‫و‬‫ا‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ر‬‫ا‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫و‬‫ط‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬ ‫ﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫و‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻹ‬‫ر‬‫ھ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ب‬ ‫أ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫ﺑ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ء‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻌ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻗ‬‫د‬ ‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻗ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺻ‬‫ﺎ‬‫د‬‫ي‬‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﻋ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺟ‬‫د‬‫ﯾ‬‫د‬ ‫أ‬‫ﺟ‬‫ﻧ‬‫د‬‫ة‬‫ا‬‫ﻻ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ل‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻲ‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﻘ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻣ‬‫ﻧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ت‬‫ا‬‫ﻟ‬‫د‬‫ا‬‫ﺧ‬‫ﻠ‬‫ﯾ‬‫ﺔ‬
  • 15. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬15 -‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬، -‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻟﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬ ‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫أو‬. ‫ب‬.‫ﺧﻄﻮرة‬‫ﺟﺰﺋﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎر‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫اﻋﺘﻤﺎد‬ ‫وﺿﺮورة‬‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾ‬ ‫ﻤﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬‫ﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺧط‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ر‬‫أن‬ ‫ﺑﻣﻛﺎن‬‫ﺗﺗﻘدم‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬‫ﻣﺗوازن‬ ‫ﻏﯾر‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﺷﺎﺷﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻔﺗﺄ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫إذ‬ ،‫اﻟ‬‫أن‬ ‫ﻣﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫واﺣد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻧﻌﻛس‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬‫و‬‫وﺗﮭدد‬ ‫اﻷﺧرى‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬)effet de contamination(‫و‬ ،‫ﺑﯾﻧت‬ ‫ﻗد‬‫ﺗﺟرﺑﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣرﺣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣﺧﺎطر‬‫ﺗﺿﺧم‬،‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫ﺣﺳﺎب‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬ ‫ﺑﺟواﻧب‬ ‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬‫ﻣﻣﺎ‬‫ھذ‬ ‫إﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻗم‬‫ا‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬ ‫و‬‫ّر‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﻋ‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺳﻠﺑﺎ‬ ‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫واﻧﻌﻛس‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬. ‫و‬‫إذ‬ ‫اﻟﯾوم‬‫ﯾﺑدو‬‫اﻟﻣﻠف‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬‫و‬ ‫ﺿﺎﻏطﺎ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﮭددا‬‫ﯾﺧﻔﻰ‬ ‫ﻓﻼ‬ ،: -‫أن‬ّ‫ﻣ‬‫ھ‬ ‫ﯾﺑﻘﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﺟﺎﻧب‬‫ﺎ‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﯾ‬‫ﺎ‬‫ﺑﺎﻟ‬‫ﻟ‬ ‫ﻧﺳﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫واﺳﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﺷراﺋﺢ‬)‫اﻟﻣطﺎﻟب‬ ‫ﻋﻧﮫ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺑر‬ ‫واﻟﺗﻧﻣوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬(،‫و‬ُ‫ﯾ‬‫ﺗﻘدﻣ‬ ‫ﻋدم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﺧﺷﻰ‬‫ﮫ‬ُ‫ل‬‫ﺗﻌطﯾ‬َ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬‫وﺗﮭدﯾد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﻘت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺳب‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬، -‫وأن‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺗﻘدم‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻛﺎﺳب‬ ‫ﺗﺛﺑﯾت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻣﺣدد‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎع‬ ‫وﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻼﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬ ‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬ ‫اﻟدﻋم‬ ‫ﺟﻠب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﺗﺣدي‬ ‫رأﺳﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹرادة‬. ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬ ‫ز‬ّ‫ز‬‫وﺗﺗﻌ‬‫وﺟﺎﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣل‬ ‫ﺷﻛل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﺗﻘدﯾم‬‫أھﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻛﺛﯾرة‬ ‫ﻟدواﻋﻲ‬: -‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﯾﻛﻔﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫ﺟزﺋﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺑرﻧﺎﻣﺟﺎ‬ ‫أن‬‫داﺧﻠﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻘوى‬ ‫ﻟﺗﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬‫وﻻ‬‫ﻹﻗﻧﺎع‬‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬، -‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘدم‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اطﻣﺄﻧت‬ ‫إذا‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺑﻌض‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺎزﻻت‬ ‫وﺗﻘدﯾم‬ ُ‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺿﺣﯾ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺳﮭل‬ ‫أﻧﮫ‬ ‫اﻷﺧرى‬،‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎدﻟﺔ‬، -‫أن‬‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻧﻔس‬‫ﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑ‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫ﺎﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬، -‫ﻣطﻠوب‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻧﺳﯾق‬ ‫أن‬‫اﻟﺛﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬:‫واﻻﻗ‬ ‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺻﺎدي‬. ‫ت‬.‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺨﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬ ‫وﺣﻠﻮﻻ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺠﺎت‬ ‫ﺗﺴﺘﺪﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺤﺪﯾﺎت‬‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫ﻛﻠﯿﺔ‬‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬
  • 16. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬16 ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫واﺳﻌﺎ‬ ‫وﻋﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫ﺻﻧﻌت‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗوى‬،‫ﺳرﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﺎﻧطﻠﻘت‬‫وﺻﻧﻌت‬ ‫أزﻣﺎت‬2013‫دﺳﺗور‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺎ‬ ‫رﺟم‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺷﺗرك‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫وﻋﯾﺎ‬2014ُ‫ﻗ‬‫و‬‫طﻌ‬‫ت‬ٌ‫ط‬‫أﺷوا‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إرﺳﺎء‬ ‫ﻧﺣو‬ ‫دﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫ﻧظﺎم‬‫ﻗﺎرة‬ ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫وﺑﻧﺎء‬. ،‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎﺑل‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﯾﻠق‬ ‫ﻟم‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫اﻻھﺗﻣﺎم‬ ‫ﻧﻔس‬،‫و‬‫ﺑداﯾﺎت‬ ‫ُﺟﻠت‬‫ﺳ‬‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫اﻟوﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺣوار‬ ‫ھﺎﻣش‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬)‫ﺳﻧﺔ‬2014(‫اﻷوﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺧطوات‬ ‫طﻌت‬ُ‫ﻗ‬‫و‬)‫ﻗوا‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬ ‫وﺗﺿﻣﯾن‬ ‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺷروع‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻧﯾن‬(‫دون‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺗوﻓر‬‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬ ‫أرﺿﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺑﻧﺎء‬‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬. ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫أﻣﺎ‬‫اﻷﻣﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫و‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠظﺎھرة‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬ ‫ﺑﺿرورة‬ ‫اﻟوﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺄﺧر‬ ‫ﻓﻘد‬ ،‫اﻟﺷرﯾﻌﺔ‬ ‫أﻧﺻﺎر‬ ‫ﺗﺻﻧﯾف‬ ‫ل‬ّ‫ﻛ‬‫ﺷ‬‫ﻣﻧظﻣﺔ‬ ‫إرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬)2013(‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫وﺑداﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟظﺎھرة‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎطﻲ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺣول‬ ‫ﻧﻘطﺔ‬،‫وﻧﺟﺎﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼءﻣﺔ‬ ‫أﻛﺛر‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺎت‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬‫وﻣﺎزاﻟت‬ ‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬ ‫أرﺿﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺣول‬ ‫ﺗﺟﺗﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﻟم‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬)‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺣﯾﺎﻧﺎ‬ ‫ﻋﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺑر‬(‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺗوى‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﻘﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣطﻠوﺑﺔ‬. ‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬ ‫اﻧﻔك‬ ‫وﻣﺎ‬ ‫ھذا‬‫اﻟﺧﺎرﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣواﻗف‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗذﺑذب‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﯾﻌﺎﻧﻲ‬‫ﻏﯾﺎب‬‫ﻣ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣرﺟﻌﯾﺔ‬‫ﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫اﻻﻧدراج‬ ‫ّر‬‫ﺳ‬‫ﯾ‬ُ‫ﺗ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﮭﺎدئ‬‫ﻟﻠﻧﻣوذج‬‫اﻟﺗوﻧﺳﻲ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻓﺿﺎﺋﮫ‬‫اﻟﺟﻐراﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬. ‫ث‬.‫وطﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫ﻣﻮاﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻤ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪات‬‫اﻟﻮطﻨﻲ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻤﺸﺮوع‬ ‫ﻨﺎﻗﻀﺔ‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﺗﺗﻧزل‬‫و‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﺗﻌزﯾز‬‫ﺳﺎﺣﺔ‬‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﻣل‬ٌ‫أﺟﻧدات‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺷروع‬ ‫ﺟوھرﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻧﺎﻗﺿﺔ‬ ‫أﺧرى‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫دﺳﺗور‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻣﮫ‬ ‫وﺣدد‬ ‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫إﻟﯾﮫ‬ ‫أﺷرت‬ ‫اﻟذي‬2014‫ﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬ ،‫ﻣﺛل‬ ،‫ﻧﻔﺳﮫ‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫ُﻌﻠن‬‫ﯾ‬‫اﻹرھﺎﺑﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫ﺗﻌﻣل‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﻘوﯾض‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫أرﻛﺎن‬،‫وﺑﻌﺿﮭﺎ‬،‫ﻣﺗﻧوﻋﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻧطﻠﻘﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫ُﻌطل‬‫ﯾ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻘدم‬ ،‫وﻋﻲ‬ ‫ﺑدون‬ ‫أو‬ ‫ﺑوﻋﻲ‬ ، ‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬ ‫اﻟوﺿﻊ‬. 4.‫واﻟ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﻀﺎﻣﯿﻦ‬‫ﮭﻨﺪﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋ‬ ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﯿﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻤﺔ‬ ‫أ‬.‫ﻣﺴﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻜﻤﺎل‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫اﻻﻧﺘﻘﺎل‬‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫أھﺪاف‬‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬‫وﻧﺎﺟﻊ‬ ‫دﯾﻣﻘراطﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﺷﻛل‬ ‫ﯾﺷﺗﻐل‬ ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎﺗﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺷﮭد‬ ‫وﺑﻧﺎء‬. ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺮؤﯾﺔ‬ ‫وﺗﺑﻘﻰ‬ ُ‫ر‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗو‬ ‫ﻣﻌﺎﻟﻣﮭﺎ‬ ‫رﺳم‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫ھذه‬‫اﻟرؤﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫ﺗرﺗﯾب‬ ‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫اﺷﺗﻐﺎل‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻧب‬. ‫واﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ‬‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ -‫إﺣداث‬‫ﺑ‬ ‫ﺷﻌور‬‫ﺈ‬‫ﻟﺣﺎﺣﯾﺔ‬‫اﺳﺗﻛﻣﺎل‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬، -‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻓﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬ ‫ﻗﯾﺎدة‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫اﻟدﻓﻊ‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﻗﺎدرة‬،
  • 17. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬17 -‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫إدﻣﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬ ‫ﻋن‬ ‫أھﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﻘل‬ ‫ﻻ‬ ‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬ ‫ﻓﺑﻧﺎء‬ ،‫اﻷطراف‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫أﯾﺎ‬ ‫ﺗﺳﺗﺛﻧﻲ‬ ‫ﻻ‬، -‫ﻟﻠرؤﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻣر‬ ‫اﻻﺳﺗﺣﺿﺎر‬‫ﻣﺟﻣوﻋﮫ‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫و‬‫ﺣﻠﻘﺎﺗﮫ‬ ‫وﺗراﺑط‬ ‫وأﺟزاﺋﮫ‬، -‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫ﻧﺳق‬)cadence(‫ﻣﻌﺑﺋﺔ‬ ‫دﯾﻧﺎﻣﯾﻛﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﯾﺣدث‬، -‫اﻻﺳﺗﻔﺎدة‬‫اﻟﺗﺟﺎرب‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫وﺧﺎﺻﺔ‬‫ﺧطوات‬ ‫وأﺧطﺎء‬ ‫ﻧﺟﺎﺣﺎت‬ ‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬‫اﻟﺳﺎﺑﻘﺔ‬)‫دﺳﺗور‬ ،‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺣوار‬2014، ‫ﻟﻠﻘﺿﺎء‬ ‫اﻷﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺟﻠس‬ ،‫اﻻﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧون‬ ،‫ﻟﻼﻧﺗﺧﺎﺑﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻠﯾﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﮭﯾﺋﺔ‬(...، -‫ﻣﺻﺎﺣﺑﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻋﻣﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﺑﺗﻐﯾﯾر‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻠوﻛﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﻣﺗدرج‬‫اﻟﻘواﻋد‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺳﺟﺎم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻣزﯾد‬ ‫ﺑﺎﺗﺟﺎه‬ ‫اﻟدﯾﻣﻘراطﯾﺔ‬. ‫اﻟﺰﻣﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺠﺪوﻟﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﻌﻨﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطﺮاف‬ ‫وإدارة‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻧﮭﺟﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﺗﺑﺎع‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬: -‫رﺻد‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫ﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﻠﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﺳﻠطﺔ‬ ‫اﻟدﺳﺗورﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫و‬‫اﻋﺗﻣﺎد‬‫اﻵﻟﯾﺎت‬ ‫و‬ ‫واﻹﺟراءات‬‫ﺗﺄھﯾل‬‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬‫اﻟﻘﺎﺋﻣﺔ‬، -‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺻور‬ ‫ﺿﺑط‬‫ﺗرﻛﯾز‬‫و‬‫ﻣﻛون‬ ‫ﻛل‬ ‫إدارة‬‫اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟزﻣﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻵﻣﺎد‬، -‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬‫زﻣﻧﯾ‬ ‫ﺟدوﻟﺔ‬‫ﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻧﺗﻘﺎل‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬‫اﻟﻣﻛوﻧﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﺧﺗﻠف‬ ‫ﺑﯾن‬ ‫واﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫اﻷوﻟوﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺗراﻋﻲ‬، -‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬‫اﻟﻣﻌﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷطراف‬‫و‬ ‫ن‬ ّ‫ﻣﻛو‬ ‫ﺑﻛل‬‫ﺑﻠورة‬‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺻور‬‫وﺑﯾﻧﮭﺎ‬ ‫ﻣﻌﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﻌﻼﻗﺔ‬ ‫إدارة‬ ‫ﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬. ‫اﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﯿﺔ‬ ‫اﻵﻟﯿﺔ‬ ُ‫ﯾ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬ ‫ﺣﺗﺎج‬‫ﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺗﺣدﯾد‬‫ﻗﯾﺎدة‬‫واﺿﺣﺔ‬‫وإدارﺗﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫ﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﺗﺳﮭر‬،‫و‬‫ﺗﻛون‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫اﻟﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ھذه‬‫ﻧواب‬ ‫ﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺎر‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﺎﻧوﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺟواﻧب‬ ‫ﻏﻠﺑﺔ‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬ ،‫ّق‬‫ﺳ‬‫وﯾﻧ‬ ‫وﯾﺗﺷﺎور‬ ،‫ذﻟك‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬: -‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟدﺳﺗور‬ ‫اﺣﺗرام‬ ‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﺳﮭر‬ ‫اﻟﺟﻣﮭورﯾﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﯾس‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎر‬ ،، -‫اﻟﺣﻛوﻣﺔ‬ ‫رﺋﺎﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺣﺎﻻت‬ ‫أﻏﻠب‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷرﯾﻌﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﺑﺎدرة‬ ‫ﻣﺻدر‬ ‫ﺑﺎﻋﺗﺑﺎرھﺎ‬ ،. ‫ب‬.‫اﻟﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬ ‫أﺟﻨﺪة‬‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ ‫اﻷﺟﻨﺪة‬ ‫أھﺪاف‬ ‫ﺗ‬‫ﮭدف‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺳﺎرھﺎ‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﺑﻠورة‬‫اﺗﻔﺎق‬‫إطﺎري‬‫ﻋﺎم‬‫ﺣول‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﺎور‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫واﻷﺳﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻺﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺣﯾث‬‫اﻟﻣﺿﻣون‬‫و‬‫أﺟﻧدة‬‫اﻟﺗﻧزﯾل‬‫و‬‫اﻟﮭﻧدﺳﺔ‬‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻼزﻣﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻘﯾﺎم‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫ﺗﻠك‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺣﯾث‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺎرﻛﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗواﻓق‬‫واﻟﺳﻠم‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫وﺣﺷد‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬‫ﻟﮭﺎ‬‫واﻹﺳﻧﺎد‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﮭﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺧﺗﻠﻔﺔ‬)‫اﻟرأي‬‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬‫واﻷﺣزاب‬‫وﻣﺟﻠس‬ ‫ﻧواب‬‫اﻟﺷﻌب‬‫واﻟﺧﺑراء‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬.(...
  • 18. ‫اﻟﻌﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣﻠﺣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺣﺎﺟﺔ‬‫اﻟﺗﺣدﯾﺎت‬ ‫ﺣدة‬ ‫ﻟﻣواﺟﮭﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﺎﻣﻌﺔ‬ ‫وطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫أﺟﻧدة‬ ‫إﻟﻰ‬18 ‫اﻟﻤﺸﺘﺮك‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺸﺨﯿﺺ‬ ‫ﺗﺗوﻓر‬‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ھﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫أﻗدار‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬ ‫اﻟﻌﺎم‬ ‫ﻟﻠوﺿﻊ‬ ‫واﻟﺧﺑراء‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﯾﺔ‬ ‫واﻷﺣزاب‬ ‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬ ‫ﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬ ‫ﻟدى‬ ‫ﺗراﻛم‬ ‫اﻟﻌ‬ ‫واﻟرأي‬‫ﺑﺎﻟﺑﻧﺎء‬ ‫اﻟدﻗﯾق‬ ‫اﻟﺗﺷﺧﯾص‬ ‫ھذا‬ ‫وﯾﺳﻣﺢ‬ ،‫اﻟﺛورة‬ ‫ﺗﻠت‬ ‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬ ‫اﻟﺳﻧوات‬ ‫ﺧﻼل‬ ‫ﺎم‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻋﻠﯾﮫ‬‫اﻷﺟﻧدة‬ ‫أھداف‬ ‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬ ‫أﺟل‬. ‫واﻟﻤﻮﺟﮭﺎت‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺒﺎدئ‬:‫اﻟﻤﻘﻮﻻت‬‫اﻟﻜﺒﺮى‬‫اﻟﻤﺆطﺮة‬‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠﺘﻌﺎﻗﺪ‬‫اﻻﻗﺘﺼﺎدي‬ ‫واﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺠﺪﯾﺪ‬ ‫ﯾﻛﺎد‬‫اﻟﺗواﻓق‬‫اﻟوطﻧﻲ‬‫ﯾﻛون‬‫ﺣﺎﺻﻼ‬‫ﺣول‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻟﻣﻘوﻻت‬‫اﻟﺗﻲ‬‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫أن‬‫ﺗﻣﺛل‬ ‫إطﺎرا‬‫أوﻟﯾﺎ‬‫ﻟﻺﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺳﺗﻘﺑﻠﯾﺔ‬ً‫وأرﺿﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺷﺗرﻛﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﻣﺑﺎدﻻت‬‫واﻟﺗواﻓﻘﺎت‬‫ﺑﯾن‬‫اﻷطراف‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﺔ‬: -‫ﺗﺣﺗﺎج‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻣﻘﺎرﺑﺔ‬‫ﻣﺗﻛﺎﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﺗﺟدﯾدﯾﺔ‬،‫ﺗطﻠق‬‫ﻓﯾﮭﺎ‬‫ﻗدرات‬‫اﻟﻔﺎﻋﻠﯾن‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﯾن‬‫وﻓﻲ‬‫ﻧﻔس‬‫اﻟوﻗت‬‫ﯾﺗم‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬ ‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬‫وﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫واﻟﺟﮭوﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻔوارق‬ ‫ﻣن‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺣد‬. -‫ﻻ‬‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫اﻟﺗﻌﺎﻗد‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدي‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫اﻟﺟدﯾد‬‫اﻟﻣﻠﻔﺎت‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬ ‫وﻣﻌﺎﻟﺟﺔ‬)،‫اﻟﺟﺑﺎﯾﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟدﻋم‬ ،‫اﻟﻣدﯾوﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻹرھﺎب‬ ‫ﻣﻘﺎوﻣﺔ‬ ،‫اﻟﺗﻘﺎﻋد‬ ‫ﺳن‬ ،‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺑﻧوك‬ ،‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣؤﺳﺳﺎت‬(...‫إﻻ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫إطﺎر‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﯾزاﻧﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﺳﺎر‬)Trajectoire°budgétaire(‫ﯾﻌﯾد‬‫اﺳﺗﻘرار‬‫اﻟﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬‫ﻟﻠدوﻟﺔ‬. -ّ‫إن‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫ﻧﺳب‬ّ‫ﻧﻣو‬‫ﻣرﺗﻔﻌﺔ‬‫ﺷرط‬‫أﺳﺎﺳﻲ‬‫ﻰ‬ّ‫ﻧ‬‫ﻟﯾﺗﺳ‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫ﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬‫وﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎل‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬ ‫وﻟﺗﺟﺎوز‬‫أزﻣﺔ‬‫اﺧﺗﻼل‬‫ﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬‫دون‬‫اﻻﺿطرار‬‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ا‬‫ﺗﺑﺎع‬‫ﺳﯾﺎﺳﺔ‬‫ﺗﻘﺷﻔﯾﺔ‬. -‫ﻟ‬‫ﻠدوﻟﺔ‬‫دور‬‫اﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬‫ﻣﺣوري‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫رﻋﺎﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻔﺋﺎت‬‫اﻟﺿﻌﯾﻔﺔ‬‫واﻟﮭﺷﺔ‬‫واﻟطﺑﻘﺔ‬‫اﻟﻣﺗوﺳطﺔ‬‫واﻟﺟﮭﺎت‬‫اﻟﻣﺣروﻣﺔ‬. -‫ﺗﺣﺗﺎج‬‫اﻟﺑﻼد‬،‫ﻟ‬‫ﺗ‬‫ﺗﺟﻧب‬‫أﻋﺑﺎء‬‫إﺿﺎﻓﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟم‬‫ﺗﻌد‬‫ﺗطﯾﻘﮭﺎ‬،‫إﻟﻰ‬‫ﻟﻠﺣراك‬ ‫ﺗرﺷﯾد‬‫اﻻ‬‫ﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﻲ‬،‫ﺗﻧﺧرط‬‫ﻓﯾﮫ‬‫اﻟدوﻟﺔ‬‫واﻟﻣﻧظﻣﺎت‬ ‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫وﻛل‬‫اﻷطراف‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫واﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬ ‫ﯾﻘوم‬ ،‫ﺗﺷﺎرﻛﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻌﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻠﺗﮭدﺋﺔ‬‫ﺗﺗﻧﺎول‬ ‫أن‬ ‫ﯾﻣﻛن‬ ‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻛ‬ ‫اﻟﻣواﺿﯾﻊ‬ ‫ﻋدﯾد‬‫ﺎﻻﺳﺗراﺗﯾﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟوطﻧﯾﺔ‬‫ﺗوﻗﻲ‬ ‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﻟﻠﺗﺷﻐﯾل‬‫اﻟﻧزاﻋﺎت‬‫وﺣﺳن‬ ‫اﻟﺷﻐﻠﯾﺔ‬‫إدارﺗﮭﺎ‬‫ﻋﻧد‬‫وﻛﯾﻔﯾﺔ‬ ‫ﺣدوﺛﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻟ‬‫ﺑﺄﻧواﻋﮭﺎ‬ ‫اﻹﺿراﺑﺎت‬ ‫ﻣﻊ‬ ‫ﺗﻌﺎﻣل‬... ‫ﻣﻼﻣﺢ‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯿﻜﻠﯿﺔ‬‫واﻟﺴﯿﺎﺳﺎت‬‫اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﯿﺔ‬‫اﻟﻤﺴﺘﻘﺒﻠﯿﺔ‬ ‫وﺗ‬‫ﻘوم‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻻﻗﺗﺻﺎدﯾﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫رﻛﯾزﺗﯾن‬: 1.‫رﻓﻊ‬‫اﻟﻘدرة‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﺎﻓﺳﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻼﻗﺗﺻﺎد‬‫وﺗطوﯾر‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎﺟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻟﻌواﻣل‬‫اﻹﻧﺗﺎج‬‫وﺗﺣﻔﯾز‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎر‬‫ﺑﮭدف‬‫ﺗﺣﻘﯾق‬‫ﻧﺳب‬‫ﻧﻣو‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬:‫اﻟﺳﯾﺎﺳﺎت‬‫اﻻﺳﺗﺛﻣﺎرﯾﺔ‬-‫اﻟﻧظﺎم‬‫اﻟﻣﺎﻟﻲ‬-‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻣوارد‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬... 2.‫اﻻرﺗﻘﺎء‬‫ﺑﻣؤﺷرات‬‫اﻟﺗﻧﻣﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﺑﺷرﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺣد‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﻧﺳب‬‫اﻟﻔﻘر‬‫واﻟﻔوارق‬‫اﻟﺟﮭوﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣﻊ‬‫اﻟﻣﺣﺎﻓظﺔ‬‫ﻋﻠﻰ‬‫اﻟﺗوازﻧﺎت‬‫اﻟﻛﺑرى‬ ‫ﻟﻠﻣﺎﻟﯾﺔ‬‫اﻟﻌﻣوﻣﯾﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫ﺧﻼل‬‫ﺟﻣﻠﺔ‬‫ﻣن‬‫اﻹﺻﻼﺣﺎت‬‫اﻟﮭﯾﻛﻠﯾﺔ‬‫ﻓﻲ‬‫اﻟﻣﺟﺎﻻت‬:‫اﻟﺗرﺑﯾﺔ‬‫واﻟﺗﻌﻠﯾم‬‫واﻟﺻﺣﺔ‬‫واﻟﻧﻘل‬- ‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟﺟﺑﺎﯾﺔ‬-‫اﻟﺻﻧﺎدﯾق‬‫اﻻﺟﺗﻣﺎﻋﯾﺔ‬-‫ﻣﻧظوﻣﺔ‬‫اﻟدﻋم‬...