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โดย Ext. ธีรนพ เต็มธีรกิจ
ผู้ป่วยเด็กชายไทย อายุ 11 ปี นักเรียน ศาสนาพุทธ ภูมิลาเนา
จังหวัดนครราชศรีมา
Chief complaint:
ปวดข้อศอกซ้าย 3 ชั่วโมงก่อนมารพ.
3 ชั่วโมงก่อนมาโรงพยาบาล ขณะเตะฟุตบอลกับเพื่อน ล้ม ข้อศอก
ซ้ายกระแทกพื้น จากนั้นมีอาการปวด ขยับข้อศอกไม่ได้ ไม่มีศีรษะ
กระแทก ไม่มีชา ขยับข้อมือได้ปกติ ไม่มีบาดแผลภายนอก
No underlying disease
ไม่มีประวัติแพ้อาหารและยา
Left arm:
• Marked tenderness, swelling and deformity at
above elbow
• Limited ROM of elbow due to pain
• Radial artery and Ulnar artery pulse 2+
• No numbness and weakness
Supracondylar fracture
Lateral condyle fracture
Elbow dislocation
Supracondylar fracture; Gartland II
Close reduction
Long arm cast
± K-wire fixation
 m/c- extension type
 most commonly in children aged 5 to 7
 mechanism of injury:
• fall on outstretched hand
 Associated injuries:
• anterior interosseous nerve neurapraxia
• radial nerve palsy
• ulnar nerve palsy
• vascular injury (1%)
Gartland type
Type I Nondisplaced
Type II Displaced, posterior cortex intact
Type III Completely displaced
pain
refusal to move the elbow
gross deformity
swelling
bruising
limited active elbow motion
neurovascular
posterior fat pad sign
displacement of the anterior humeral line
alteration of Baumann angle
https://upload.wikimedia.org
http://d3rzbccgedqypw.cloudfront.net/ http://www.radiologyassistant.nl/
Middle 1/3 of capitellum
http://cursoenarm.net/
normal is 70-75
degrees, but best
judge is a
comparison of the
contralateral side
Gartland type
Type I Long arm casting 3-4 weeks
Type II Closed reduction
+ long arm casting
± percutaneous pinning
Type III Closed reduction
+ long arm casting
+ percutaneous pinning
• In Type II
• If reduction stable in elbow’s angle below than 90o, usually
use percutaneous pinning because if stabilized in that
position, it should be compressed vessel.
Pin migration
Infection
Cubitus valgus/Cubitus varus
Nerve palsy/Vascular Injury
Volkmann ischemic contracture
• lack of blood flow (ischemia) to the forearm (After
reduction and stabilized elbow <90o)
Postoperative Stiffness
 http://www.orthobullets.com/pediatrics/4007/supr
acondylar-fracture--pediatric
 https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/001221.htm
 emedicine.medscape.com/article/1269576-
overview

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