Biometrics

1. An Introduction
To
Biometric Methods
TEJASVI BHATIA

2. CONTENTS
 Introduction.
 What is biometrics?
 Biometric system.
 Types of biometric systems.
 Requirements of biometric system.
 Biometrics today.
 Applications
 References

3. INTRODUCTION
We are so used to recognizing people in our daily
life that we often take this task for granted despite
the often heard problems of fraud. Automated
identity authentication afforded by biometric
technology was not looked into seriously
However, after the September 11 incident,
biometric technology is gaining in popularity

4. WHAT IS BIOMETRICS?
It is defined as the automated methods of
recognizing a person based on a physiological or
behavioral characteristic.
 Physiological include: face, hand, eye.
 Behavioral include: voice, gait, signature,
keystrokes.

5. BIOMETRIC SYSTEM
A biometric system is essentially a pattern
recognition system that operates:-
 by acquiring biometric data from an individual,
 extracting a feature set from the acquired data,
 comparing this feature set against the template
set in the database.

6. Contd..
A biometric system is designed using the following
four main modules:-
 Sensor module
 Feature extractor module.
 Matcher module.
 System database module.

7. TYPES OF BIOMETRIC SYSTEMS
Depending on the application context, a
biometric system is of two types:-
 Verification.
 identification

10. Requirements of a biometric system
 Universality
 Distinctiveness
 Permanence
 Performance
 Acceptability

11. BIOMETRICS TODAY
 Fingerprints
 Iris Prints
 Face Prints
 DNA Identification
 Voice Prints
 Palm Prints
 Handwriting Analysis
 Etc…

12. HAND GEOMETRY
They are based on a number of measurements
taken from the human hand, including
 shape
 size of palm
 lengths and widths of the fingers

14. FINGERPRINTS
A fingerprint is the pattern of ridges and furrows
on the surface of a fingertip, the formation of
which is determined during the fetal period.
There are two main technical approaches for
fingerprint recognition:
 minutia matching
 pattern matching.

15. FACIAL RECOGNITION
Face recognition are based on either:
 The location and shape of facial attributes such
as the eyes, eyebrows, nose, lips and chin, and
their spatial relationships.
 The overall (global) analysis of the face
image.

16. EYE BIOMETRICS
IRIS
 The complex iris structure carries very distinctive
information useful for personal recognition.
 Like fingerprints, even the irises of identical
twins are different

17. APPLICATIONS
Civilian
 National ID
 Driver's license
 Border crossing
Commercial
 ATM
 Credit card

18.  Cellular phone
 Access control
Forensic
 Criminal investigation.
 Corpse identification.
 Parenthood determination.

19. Fingerprint verification
system
Hand geometry
verification technology
iris recognition at London’s
Heathrow airport

20. REFERENCES
 www.eff.org/wp/biometrics-whos-watching-who
 www.pnas.org/content/96/20/1065full?ck=nck
 www.pubnedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcg?arti
d=333428

21. THANK YOU!