CAS 490T Senior Seminar on Children & Adolescents At-Risk

CAS 490T: Senior Seminar on Children & Adolescents At-Risk
Senior Presentation Grading Rubric
ORGANIZATION 5 4 3 2 1 0
o clear objectives + clearly states problem driving the
proposal/research questions
o Information is presented in a logical sequence.
o Presentation appropriately cites references.
o Uses an engaging beginning and/or thoughtful ending.
o Moves smoothly from one idea to the next (clear strong
transitions).
USE OF LANGUAGE 5 4 3 2 1 0
o Sentences are complete, grammatical, and flow together easily
o Words are well chosen; they express meaning precisely &
were given critical consideration (e.g.,
drug addicts vs. individuals with a substance use disorder;
homeless person vs person
experiencing homelessness; bad parent vs parent facing several
stressors or challenges)
o Language/words chosen are free from bias and reflective of
the fields current understanding
CONTENT (X2) 5 4 3 2 1 0

o Introduction defines background & importance of
research/justifies the study
o Technical terms are well-defined in language appropriate for
audience
o Accurate and relevant evidence/information is presented
o Main issues in their area of study clearly defined
o Both theoretical positions and empirical evidence presented
o Strengths & weaknesses of theory(ies) and methods used
adequately explained
o Competing explanations or theories considered and dealt with
properly
o Summarizes important findings from the review of literature
thoroughly and succinctly
o Explains research design (recruitment →data analyses) in an
easy-to-follow manner
o Demonstrates advanced understanding of the research design
chosen
o Points made reflect mastery of data analysis
o Integrates research findings to broader context
o Understands implication of data or method
o Identifies future avenues of investigation
o Supports arguments or explanation with references
VISUAL AIDS (X2) 5 4 3 2 1 0
○ Graphs/figures are clear and understandable.
○ The text is readable and clear.
○ Audio/Visual components support the main points of the talk.
○ Appropriate referencing of data that is/was not generated by
presenter

SPEAKING STYLE/DELIVERY (X2) 5 4 3 2 1 0
○ Speaks clearly and at an understandable pace (rhythm,
intonation).
o Spoken loud enough to hear easily.
○ Maintains eye contact with audience.
○ Well-rehearsed (either extemporaneous or scripted
presentation).
○ Limited use of filler words (“umm,” “like,” etc.).
○ Speaker uses body language appropriately.
○ Speaker is within time limits.
TOTAL SCORE _______ / 40
https://drugfree.org/article/shouldnt-use-word-addict/
Upgrade Los Angeles Slum
Abstract
One of the most important issues addressed in this proposal is
the difficulty that slum people who are living in areas with high
poverty rates have in acquiring beneficial education. This
problem can be alleviated by providing incentives to these
students, such as a reduction in college tuition fees. These
financial incentives go a great way toward guaranteeing that
students from slums can afford higher education, hence

lowering the number of college dropouts. This proposal is aimed
at identifying the obstacles faced by slum residents in receiving
a beneficial education, the obstacles introduced by urbanization
that have had a negative impact on these residents, the
consequences of lowering college tuition for slum residents
students, the roles played by family and friends in improving
the lives of slum residents students, and the obstacles faced by
students living in poverty that increase their chances of
dropping out of college. The study design that will be used to
answer these questions will be experimental research design.
Data will be collected through interviews and questionnaires,
which will be used in assessing and resolving these concerns. In
addition to outlining the difficulties experienced by slum
resident students, this study will serve to persuade the
appropriate authorities to ensure that necessary improvements
are implemented in the slum areas therefore ensuring these
communities are able to access beneficial education. This study
is also significant in contributing knowledge to the field of
education for slum residents.
Keywords
• Beneficial education: Process of acquiring or imparting the
most fundamental instructions, particularly in a school or
university setting.
• College dropout: An individual who leaves college or
university prior to the completion of their qualifications.
• College pricing: The fees that students must pay to attend
classes at an institution.
• Incentives: Something that stimulates or encourages
somebody to perform a particular action.
• Slum: Unofficial enclaves within cities that are
characterized by substandard housing and deplorable living
conditions.
• Urbanization: The rural to urban population migration.
OUTLINE

Upgrading Slums
· Most people living in the slums are high school and college
dropouts who have failed to secure excellent working
opportunities. Examining the slums one can identify that it has
been populated by people whose chances to obtain excellent
improvements have been dimmed (Bianchi et al., 2021). Slums
are overpopulated and the living conditions are purely
unhygienic for human survival. The slum population is growing
because of the poor economic stability affecting the residents.
Los Angeles is rapidly developing in the urban sector.
· However, the disparity between the economic systems means
that the slum ratio will also rise. Necessary improvement
measures should be taken on the slum residents. They have to be
given equal and significant opportunities to improve their living
conditions (Dupere et al., 2021). Moreover, the slum residents
need an improvement as the primary way to have a stable
economy in Los Angeles. The report examines how slum
residents are affected and the improvement measures for their
living conditions.
Research Questions
1. What are some of the challenges experienced by slum
residents in receiving beneficial education?
2. What challenges have been introduced by urbanization that
have negatively affected the slum residents?
3. How beneficial is reducing college pricing beneficial for the
slum resident high school and college dropouts?
4. What are the roles played by family and friends in improving
the slum resident lives?
5. Challenges faced by students living in poverty which
increases their high school and college dropout levels?
Literature Review
· Challenges experienced by slum residents in obtaining
beneficial education
· Slum residents are living under high poverty rates and cannot
afford to pay for the needed education (Dynarski et al., 2021).

Most of the schools attended by slum residents are under poor
conditions since they lack necessary resources to enhance the
education quality. Therefore, most slum residents are forced to
drop out either in college or high school levels because the
education cannot guarantee them excellent future opportunities.
· The Los Angeles government has focused on improving urban
education and showing minimal efforts for slum resident
education. Lack of incentives has further deteriorated education
in the slum areas (Glaeser, 2020). Therefore, most of the
children are born and raised in slums with no hope of
eliminating poverty. Most residents barely have an education or
have minimal resources to cater for the tuition charges. The
school drop-out levels has become a culture to the slum
residents.
· Challenges introduced by urbanization to the slum residents
· Urbanization was introduced to make significant
improvements and changes on the livelihood. Urbanization has
caused an increase in the economic rates (Silva-laya, 2020). The
living rates have been increased and that has become a major
problem to the slum residents. For instance, prices for essentia l
items have been increased and most people have shifted from
the urban areas to the rural levels. Only those with high
education levels have skills needed in securing chances in the
urbanized cities.
· Additionally, urbanization has forced overcrowding i n the
already poor conditions in the slum areas. Slum residents have
limited opportunities and depend on menial jobs to cater for
essentials like food and house rent (Bianchi et al., 2021). Most
of the money obtained from the menial jobs cannot be enough to
cater college and high school fees. Most of such students drop
out to look for work opportunities that would help in
sustainability. Without major improvements on the slum
residents, school dropping out would transform into a norm
where the learners adapt to live in poverty.
· Benefits of reducing college pricing on the slum resident
students

· Students from the slum residents are already suffering from
high poverty levels which has a negative impact on their
education. The government should examine that student group
and develop excellent mechanisms that would help in ensuring
they have received beneficial education (Dupere et al., 2021).
For instance, equality should be created between the low income
and high income students. Most of the low income students miss
chances to join excellent schools because of the biases during
the allocation period. a low income student should be given
equal opportunities to receive beneficial education that would
help secure the future.
· Additionally, college fees should be reduced and a free
education program should be introduced for the slum resident
high school and college students (Dynarrski et al., 2021). That
is an excellent mechanism because it is aimed at minimizing
dropping out chances. The major objective is ensuring that
learners have enough resources that would help them move past
the poverty levels.
· Challenges faced by slum students that causes an increase in
the college and high school dropout population
· The huge gap between the income classes levels contribute in
discrimination of the low income students. For instance, most
slum resident students are discriminated against because of their
inability to access the necessary resources (Glaeser, 2020).
Adding with the constant lack of fees lowers their self-esteem
and the morale to read and develop a better future. For some
reason, such students will drop out to look for menial jobs and
support their needs.
· Additionally, high school and college places an individual
under intense pressure to fit in with the current trends. A
student from the slum residence feels pressured to stay updated
with the social trends. Therefore, many of such students
capitalize on the lack of resources for school and fulfilling the
peer pressure to drop out. Some students might indulge in drugs
and substance abuse but they will drop out and adapt to the
poverty life they have been accustomed to (Silva-laya, 2020). It

is quite unfortunate that the students have to undergo that type
of pressure because of an inequality which can be solved by the
Los Angeles government. More efforts are dedicated to
introducing new trends that would further affect the slum
resident people since they have no voice to communicate about
their challenges or desire to witness life improvements.
Theoretical Frameworks
A. The theoretical framework I have selected for the study is
redistribution with growth as the primary way to improve the
slum situation. Major actions should be taken to ensure that
slums have been eliminated. The theoretical framework includes
activities like housing programs (Bianchi et al., 2021). The
slum residents need to be relocated in better housing and
accommodation away from their immediate environment.
Significant measures like reducing college fees should be
incorporated because it is the best way in which college and
high school dropout will be minimized. The selected framework
is expected to offer long term solutions to the identified
challenges. Various resources should be incorporated to ensure
that the slum residence has been eliminated primarily purposely
for life improvement and providing equal opportunities to
securing high end job opportunities.
B. The theoretical framework is essential in the research since it
governs the study development. The research will be based
around ensuring that the theoretical framework has been
addressed by every mentioned aspect (Dupere et al., 2021).
Theoretical framework strives to develop a connection between
all the variables presented by the research and indicates how
both aspects will be closely related. The strategy used in
selecting the theoretical framework is examining the
background analysis and developing a proportionate concept.
C. The theoretical framework will be incorporated in the
research through data collection where sample questions are
developed to show specific variables that should be denoted
from the provided data (Dynarski et al., 2021). Theoretical
framework will be incorporated through development of survey

questions and interviews. The major objective is to obtain an
anticipated response.
Positionality Statement
· Los Angeles has the highest number of slum residents and
most of them are high school and college dropouts. Poverty has
been a system adopted by the slum residents because they have
no opportunities working in their favor that would ensure their
improvement.
· The best focus should be about ensuring that necessary
improvements have been introduced in the slum regions.
· The improvement measures are beneficial because students
will have chances at beneficial education and have necessary
supporting resources.
· The main objective should be eliminating the slum regions to
provide the people with better housing structures and living
conditions.
Research Design
1. The best research for the study is experimental design where
the cause and effects of slum residence is examined. The
participants living within the slums will be selected to help
examine causes of the poverty levels. Comprehending the root
problems will help in accumulating the data on why students
drop from colleges and high schools (Glaeser, 2020). The
variables would be examined on changes that would be
experienced suppose the slum resident’s livelihood is improved.
The major objective is to analyze whether school dropout would
be a prominent factor. Experimental design ensures that enough
data has been collected from the targeted population.
2. Participant recruitment is focused on selecting people from
residing in the slums. They have a first hand in experiencing
poverty and they have the best answers for the provided
questions (Silva-laya, 2020). For instance, participants for the
research will be high school and college dropouts residing in
the slums. They should volunteer to provide the needed data for
the research. The students will explain how residing in slums
has affected their life opportunities in escaping poverty. They

will state some of the improvements that should be done in the
slums that would ensure they have improved living standards.
Data collection measures
The major data which should be collected is the challenges
experienced by the slum residents. The questions should be
centered on all the struggles faced and why most students are
forced to drop out of schools where they reach the college
levels. Their opinion should be included where they
communicate about some of the improvements that should be
done on the slum residences and extended to their education
opportunities.
1. Interviews is the first data collection technique that should be
used in retrieving data from the respondents (Bianchi et al.,
2021). A question list would be developed in which they are
questioned and their responses are recorded and would be used
as the research data. That is an excellent mechanism because
interviews develop an interaction and the respondents will open
up about challenges experienced while living in the slums.
2. Questionnaires is another data collection measure that would
be used in collecting information from the participants. Some of
the participants like their information to be concealed. The
questionnaire provides privacy for the respondents as they
provide their experiences in living within the slums (Dupere et
al., 2021). Questionnaire is effective because the students will
have an expression platform and provide significant data more
than it would have been given in a formal interview without
their identities hidden.
Empirical strategy
1. How to analyze interview data
I will analyze the interview data through transcription and
ensuring that I read through the transcription scripts to obtain
meaningful data. I will ensure that I highlight the key
information that will be translated and incorporated into the
study. It means that I should use digital devices during the
interview to ensure that all of the provided information has been
recorded (Dynarski et al., 2021). The audio should be translated

to a transcript which can be read to examine all the points.
However, reading through the transcript can be quite time
consuming especially if the interview was held for a long
duration.
Additionally, I can analyze the interview information through
developing codes that would identify key phrases for the
essential data. For instance, the annotation will help in
identifying reasons why slum residents drop out of the learning
institutions (Glaeser, 2020). The codes will help develop an
excellent pattern and it will be corrected later after the major
key points have been examined. I will develop a segment in
which I will categorize the data. That is an excellent strategy
since it will facilitate separation of the key phrases from the
bias in the recorded information.
2. Survey data from the questionnaire can be analyzed through
transferring the information to the excel documents. Excel helps
in segmenting the information to different parts. The major
benefits of using excel documents is because of its easy
interpretation of the information (Silva-laya, 2020). Findings
should be used in ensuring that enough information has been
deducted for the research. Survey data can be translated to
numerical form and the necessary data speculations will be
achieved. The major objective is to ensure that raw data has
been translated to meaningful results which will be included in
the research for accurate information.

References
Bianchi, D., Cavicchiolo, E., Lucidi, F., Manganelli, S., Girelli,
L., Chirico, A.,
& Alivernini, F. (2021). School Dropout Intention and Self-
esteem in Immigrant and Native Students Living in Poverty:
The Protective Role of Peer Acceptance at School. School
Mental Health, 13(2), 266-278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12310-
021-09410-4
Dupéré, V., Dion, E., Cantin, S., Archambault, I., & Lacourse,
E. (2021). Social
contagion and high school dropout: The role of friends,
romantic partners, and siblings. Journal of Educational
Psychology, 113(3), 572-584.
https://doi.org/10.1037/edu0000484
Dynarski, S., Libassi, C., Michelmore, K., & Owen, S. (2021).
Closing the Gap: TheEffect of Reducing Complexity and
Uncertainty in College Pricing on the Choices of Low - Income
Students. American Economic Review, 111(6), 1721-1756.
https://doi.org/10.1257/aer.20200451
Glaeser, E. (2020). Urbanization and Its Discontents. Eastern
Economic Journal,
46(2), 191-218. https://doi.org/10.1057/s41302-020-00167-3
Silva-Laya, M., D'Angelo, N., García, E., Zúñiga, L., &
Fernández, T. (2020).
Urban poverty and education. A systematic literature review.
Educational Research Review, 29, 100280.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2019.05.002

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