Explanation of 3D printing technology

1. 3D Printing Technology

2. Introduction
• 3D Printing is a form of additive manufacturing
technology where a three dimensional object is created by
laying down successive layers of material.
• It is also known as Additive Manufacturing.
• 3D printing is achieved using an additive process, where
successive layers of material are laid down in different
shapes.

3. History
• The technology of 3d printing using digital data was developed by
Charles Hull in 1984.
• He named his technology as stereo lithography and obtained a
patent for the technique in 1986.
• By the end of 1980s, other similar technologies such as Fused
Deposition Modelling (FDM) and Selective Laser Sintering (SLS)
were introduced.
• In 1993,Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) patented
another technology, named “3 Dimensional Printing Techniques”,
which is similar to the inkjet Technology used in 2D Printers.
• In 2005, Z Corp. launched a breakthrough product, named
Spectrum Z510, which was the first high definition color 3D
Printer in the market.

4. 3D Printable Models
• 3D printable models may be created with a computer aided design
package or via 3D scanner.
• The manual modeling process of preparing geometric data for 3D
computer graphics is similar to plastic arts such as sculpting.
• 3D scanning is a process of analyzing and collecting data of real
object; it shape and appearance and builds digital, three
dimensional models.

5. Terminology
• Additive Manufacturing – refers to technologies that create
objects through sequential layering.
• Rapid prototyping – is a group of techniques used to fabricate a
scale model of a physical part or assembly using three dimensional
computer aided design (CAD) data.
• Subtractive Processes – removal of material by methods such as
cutting or drilling.
• Stereolithography was defined by Charles W. Hull as a “system of
three dimensional objects by creating a cross-sectional pattern of
the object to be formed.

7. Rapid Prototyping Slicing

8. Stereolithography

9. Digital 3D Model
Printing

10. Printing
• To perform a print, the machine reads the design from 3D
printable file(STL file).
• STL file – StereoLithography.
• It lays down successive layers of liquid, powder to build the model
from a series of cross sections.
• Printer resolution describes layers and thickness of the dpi or
micrometers.
• The practices are around 510 to 250DPI in diameter.

11. PRINT FINISHING
• Though the printer-produced resolution is sufficient for many
applications, printing a slightly oversize version of desired object in
standard resolution and the removing material with a higher-
resolution subtractive process can achieve greater precision.

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