The document discusses three main causes of stress for international students: 1) Differences in educational systems between their home country and the host country in areas like learning resources, essay writing skills, and critical thinking; 2) Culture shock due to trouble adapting to the new environment, financial issues, and differences in cultural backgrounds; and 3) Academic and personal demands including unrealistic goals, independent living, language barriers, and maintaining work-life balance. The conclusion emphasizes that knowledge of these stressors is important for international students to effectively address and overcome them.

1. Causes of Stress forCauses of Stress for
International StudentsInternational Students
http://ombhagyamrut.blogspot.com.au/2011/03/stress-in-international-students-life.html

2. IntroductionIntroduction
Definition
The challenging process of adjusting to new requirements,
surroundings and people, and difficulty of striking a
balance between studies and personal well-being.
- State Government of Victoria (2013)
World Health Organisation (2009):
"Poor mental health is both a cause and a consequence of
poverty, compromised education, gender inequality, ill-
health, violence and other global challenges."

3. BibliographyBibliography
Ballard, B. & Clanchy, J. 1984. Study Abroad: A
Manual for Asian Students. Kuala Lampur: Longman
Malaysia
Ballard, B. & Clanchy, J.1988. Studying in Australia.
Melbourne: Longman Cheshire.
Brown, L. 2008. ‘The incidence of study-related
stress in international students in the initial stage of
the international sojourn’. Retrieved. 2013, from
http://eprints.bournemouth.ac.uk/4896/1/The_inci

4. OverviewOverview
1) Differences in
Educational Systems
1) Differences in
Educational Systems
2) Culture Shock2) Culture Shock
3) Academic and
Personal Demands
3) Academic and
Personal Demands
http://maniphestation.tumblr.com/post/11218197306/health-tip-
stressed-out
http://2vancouver.com/en/articles/culture-shock-in-vancouver
http://www.echinacities.com/news/An-Education-How-Chinas-
System-Differs-from-the-Wests#page_cmt

5. Differences in Educational SystemsDifferences in Educational Systems
A) LearningA) Learning
ResourcesResources
B) EssayB) Essay
Writing SkillsWriting Skills
C) CriticalC) Critical
ThinkingThinking
http://papermed.com/critical-thinking-in-education.html

6. Differences in Educational SystemsDifferences in Educational Systems
A) Learning Resources (Brown, L. n.d.)A) Learning Resources (Brown, L. n.d.)
TRADITIONAL
PENS, PENCIL, PAPER
COMPUTERISING
Computers, Electrical Instruments
http://www.destinationsdreamsanddogs.com/childrens-checks-balances/
https://www.google.com.au/search?
um=1&hl=en&client=safari&biw=1024&bih=672&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=laptop+and+ipad+in+on
e&oq=laptop+and+ipad&gs_l=img.1.0.0l2j0i24l8.57233.61738.0.63000.15.13.0.2.2.1.454.1971
.6j1j5j0j1.13.0...0.0...1ac.1.6.img.8Po8hWhmF_c#biv=i%7C27%3Bd%7CZ7ivh28-E9q12M%3A
Brown, L. n.d.

7. Differences in Educational SystemsDifferences in Educational Systems
B) Essay Writing Skills (Brown n.d.)B) Essay Writing Skills (Brown n.d.)
• No past experience
• Paragraph designing and
language skills
• Expressing own ideas in
essays
http://www.essay.tv/
http://www.essay.tv/

8. Differences in Educational SystemsDifferences in Educational Systems
C) Critical ThinkingC) Critical Thinking
(Ballard &Clanchy 1984; Ballard & Clanchy 1988)(Ballard &Clanchy 1984; Ballard & Clanchy 1988)
Australian Educators expect
Analysis Comparison

9. Differences in Educational SystemsDifferences in Educational Systems
Educational
Approaches
Reproductive
Analytical
Leading to Speculation
https://www.google.com.au/search?
um=1&hl=en&client=safari&biw=1024&bih=672&tbm=isch&sa=1&q=critical+thinking&oq=critical+&gs_l=img.1.0.0l10.92456.95386.0.96999.11.10.1.0.0.0.385.1918.3j1j5j1.10.0...0.0...1ac.1.6.img.-
XkZCWnEwIo#biv=i%7C3%3Bd%7CVvIfa65tkiZ00M%3A
C) Critical ThinkingC) Critical Thinking
(Ballard & Clanchy 1984; Ballard & Clanchy 1988)(Ballard & Clanchy 1984; Ballard & Clanchy 1988)

10. Culture ShockCulture Shock
A) Trouble Adapting and
Coping
http://www.administaff.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2012/04/culture-shock.jpg
B) Financial Issues
C) Differences in
Cultural Backgrounds

11. Culture ShockCulture Shock
"All changes, whether positive or negative,
can be stressful, because change brings the
unknown and unfamiliar with it."
(Hahn 2010)
Definition: the feeling one
gets after leaving their familiar
home culture n live in another
cultural/social environment.
(Ziegler & Associates 2013)
http://leadersgrowth.wordpress.com/

12. Culture ShockCulture Shock
A) Trouble Adapting and CopingA) Trouble Adapting and Coping
Drastic environmental changes
Time difference
Different sleeping, eating and studying habits
Higher educational level
The need to succeed

13. Culture ShockCulture Shock
B) Financial IssuesB) Financial Issues
High exchange rates
Pressure to excel
Failure is not an option
Higher probability
of stress
Study all the time, less
socialising
http://www.becomingminimalist.com/a-practical-solution-to-almost-all-your-money-problems/
http://www.tumblr.com/tagged/australian%20money http://www.tumblr.com/tagged/australian%20money
(International Students’ Security &
Safety Needs in Australia 2009)

14. Culture ShockCulture Shock
C) Differences in Cultural BackgroundsC) Differences in Cultural Backgrounds
Discouraged to ask questions
VS
Question
teachers and materials
Information provided
VS
Find own resources
Example (Ballard, B. & Clanchy, J. , 1988):
humour.wikinut.com/img/k5jwl27hfm5z8tr1/A-Classroom-Of-enthusiastic-students

15. Culture ShockCulture Shock
C) Differences in Cultural BackgroundsC) Differences in Cultural Backgrounds
Language
difference
Feeling out of place
(Brown 2008: 15)
Difference in
student beliefs
Different ways
of life and
teaching styles
Adjust and Adapt
http://blog.utest.com/testing-usability-within-an-agile-framework/2012/02/adapting/

16. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
Unrealistic Goals
Frustration Despair Dropping Out
(State Government of Victoria 2013)

17. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
A) Academic DemandsA) Academic Demands
• Logistics of living independently (Scott 2012)
• Less handholding (Scott 2012)
• Independent learning in college (Scott 2012)
• Questioning of academic choices (Scott 2012)
• Coping with workload (State Government of Victoria 2013) http://thequestionable.com/independent-woman-or-loner/

18. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
A) Academic DemandsA) Academic Demands
• Need to be linguistically competent quickly(Kim 1988; Berry 1994, cited in Brown n.d.)
Approach must change:
"...develop the capacity - and the courage - to question, to
analyse and to develop critical views ..."
(Ballard & Clanchy 1998: 28)
http://bigthink.com/inside-singularity-university/exponential-thinking

19. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
A) Academic DemandsA) Academic Demands
Analytical
Approach
Speculative
Approach
• Not only memorisation
• Question and Think Critically
• Develop independent research
(Ballard & Clanchy 1998: 27)

20. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
B) Personal DemandsB) Personal Demands
• Concerns about money, debt, paid work
• Pressure to find financial support
(State Government of Victoria 2013)
http://www.dreamstime.com/royalty-free-stock-images-money-problems-need-help-concept-savings-image12931109

21. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
B) Personal DemandsB) Personal Demands
Top rankings in
native country
school
Unrealistic academic
expectations when
studying abroad
http://www.tumblr.com/tagged/writing+stress

22. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
B) Personal DemandsB) Personal Demands
'There is an awful lot of pressure on
students these days to succeed and do
extremely well, especially because
they have invested a lot of money in
their education and so they feel they
have to do incredibly well.'
- Ann Heyno, media spokesperson for Heads of
University Counselling Services (HUCS)
(Heyno n.d., cited in Channel4 2013)
http://griffithintl.wordpress.com/2012/06/06/reduce-exam-stress/
• Living up to family's
standards (Mind 2013)

23. Academic and Personal DemandsAcademic and Personal Demands
B) Personal DemandsB) Personal Demands
Hindered acquisition of English Language
When social interaction limited to friends speaking native tongue
(Hammersmith 2010, cited in Cavanar & Cootes 2011: 5)
Slow process of forging friendships and relationships
(State Government of Victoria 2013)
Work-Play Balance
For "personal interests...maintain one's sanity and enhance their ability to study"
(Cavanar & Cootes 2011: 8)

24. ConclusionConclusion
1) Differences in
Educational Systems
1) Differences in
Educational Systems
2) Culture Shock2) Culture Shock
3) Academic and
Personal Demands
3) Academic and
Personal Demands
A) Learning Resources
B) Essay Writing Skills
C) Critical Thinking
A) Trouble Adapting and
Coping
B) Financial issues
C) Difference in Cultural
Backgrounds
A) Academic
B) Personal

25. ConclusionConclusion
1) Differences in
Educational
Systems
1) Differences in
Educational
Systems
2) Culture
Shock
2) Culture
Shock
3) Academic and
Personal
Demands
3) Academic and
Personal
Demands
STRESSSTRESS
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
Know your problems, deal with your problems
KNOWLEDGE IS POWER
Know your problems, deal with your problems