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P E R S E D I AA N
PERSEDIAANBARANGDAGANG
(MERCHANDISEINVENTORY)
SISTEMPENCA
T
A
T
AN:
- INVENT
ARISASI PERIODIK/ METODEFISIK
- PERPETUAL/ BALANCEPERMANEN
METODEFISIK:
- PEMBELIAN: DICA
T
A
TP
ADAPERKIRAAN“PEMBELIAN”
SEBESARHARGAPOKOKNY
A
-PENJUALAN: DICA
T
A
TP
ADAPERKIRAAN“PENJUALAN”
SEBESARHARGAJUAL
BARANGY
ANGDIBELI UNTUKDIJUALKEMBALI
- HARGAPOKOKPENJUALAN:
PERSEDIAANA
W
AL
PEMBELIANBERSIH
PERSED.BRGU/DIJUAL
PERSEDIAANAKHIR
Rp.XXX
Rp. XXX+
Rp.XXX
Rp XX–
HARGAPOKOKPENJUALAN Rp.……
-PERK.”PERSEDIAANBRG.DAG”DIGUNAKANUNTUK
MENCA
T
A
TJUMLAHPERSEDIAANP
ADAA
W
AL/AKHIR
PERIODESESUAI HASILINVENT
ARISASI
-PERLUADJUSTMENTP
ADAAKHIRPERIODEAKUNT
ANSI
AJE:
MENIADAKANPERSEDIAANA
W
AL:
IKHTISARL/R
PERSEDIAANBRG. DAG(A
W
AL
MENAMP
AKKANPERSEDIAANAKHIR:
PERSEDIAANBRG. DAG(AKHIR)
IKHTISARL/R
METODEPERPETUAL
-PERK.“PERSEDIAAN BRG.DAG.” DIGUNAKANUNTUK
MENCA
T
A
TSETIAPTERJADI MUT
ASI PERSEDIAAN
- TRANSAKSI PENJUALAN –2A
Y
A
TJURNAL :
1. MENCA
T
A
THASILPENJUALAN
2. MENGKREDITPERSEDIAANSBESARHARGAPOKOKNY
A
- TIDAKPERLUADJUSMENT P
ADAAKHIRPERIODEAKUNT
ANSI
PENET
AP
ANHARGAPOKOKPENJUALAN:
- METODERA
T
A-RA
T
A
- METODEFIFO
- METODELIFO
NILAIAKHIRPERSEDIAAN:
LOWERCOSTORMARKET
HARGAT
AKSIRAN: - METODELABAKOTOR
- METODEECERAN
PENCATATAN
Transaksi Prepetual Periodik
Pembelian Persediaan xx
Kas/Hut xx
Pembelian xx
Kas/Hut xx
Retur pembelian
& pot harga
Hutang xx
Persediaan xx
Hutang xx
Retur Pemb xx
Biaya Angkut Persediaan xx
Kas xx
Bi. Angkut xx
kas xx
Pembayaran Hutang xx
Kas xx
Persed xx
Hutang xx
Kas xx
Pot pemb xx
Penjualan Kas/Piut xx
Penjualan xx
HPPenj xx
Persed xx
Kas/Piut xx
Penjualan xx
Retur penj & pot
harga
Retur penj xx
Piutang xx
Persediaan xx
HPPenj xx
Retur penj xx
Piutang xx
Pelunasan/
Penerimaan kas
Kas xx
Pot Penj xx
Piutang xx
Kas xx
Pot Penj xx
Piutang xx
PENETAPAN HARGA POKOK
SISTEM PERIODIK
• RATA-RATA
• Misal:
Unit HP/Unit H.Pokok
1/1 Persd aw 100 Rp.10 Rp. 1000
12/4 Pembel 200 Rp.11 Rp. 2200
20/9 Pembel 300 Rp.12 Rp. 3600
29/11Pembel 400 Rp.13 Rp. 5200
1000 Rp.12.000
Harga pokok rata2 Rp.12.000 = Rp.12
1000
Persed akhir diket = 450 unit
Nilai Persediaan akhir = 450 x Rp.12 = Rp. 5400
• Harga pokok Penjualan:
Rp. 1.000
Rp. 11.000
Rp. 12.000
Rp. 5.400
• Persediaan awal
• Pembelian
• Persed siap dijual
• Persed akhir
• Harga Pokok Penj Rp. 6.600
FIFO (First In First Out)
• Harga Pokok Persed akhir:
Unit HP/U H.Pokok
29/11 400 Rp.13 Rp.5.200
20/9 50 Rp.12 Rp. 600
450 Rp.5.800
H.Pokok Penjualan
Persediaan tersedia dijual
Persediaan akhir
H.Pokok Penjualan
Rp.12.000
Rp. 5.800
Rp. 6.200
LIFO (Last In First Out)
• Harga Pokok Persediaan akhir
Unit HP/U H. Pokok
1/1 100 Rp.10 Rp.1.000
12/4 200 Rp.11 Rp.2.200
20/9 150 Rp.12 Rp.1.800
450 Rp.5.000
H.P.Penjualan:
Persediaan tersedia dijual
Persediaan akhir
H.P.Penjualan
Rp.12.000
Rp. 5.000
Rp. 7.000
Perpetual Inventory Costs
Cost of
Mdse. Sold
Inventory cost data to demonstrate
FIFO and LIFO Perpetual Systems
Item 127B Units Cost Price
Jan. 1 Inventory 10 $20
4 Sale 7 $30
10 Purchase 8 21
22 Sale 4 31
28 Sale 2 32
30 Purchase 10 22
METODE RATA-RATA
BERGERAK
KODE
TGL PEMBELIAN HPP SALDO
Q HP TOT Q HP TOT Q HP TOT
1-Jan 10 20 200
4-Jan 7 20 140 3 20 60
10-Jan 8 21 168 11 20.7 228
22-Jan 4 20.7 82.8 7 20.7 145
28-Jan 2 20.7 41.5 5 20.7 104
30-Jan 10 22 220 15 21.6 324
388 HPP 264 So 324
KARTU PERSEDIAAN
NAMA BARANG
METODE FIFO
TGL PEMBELIAN HPP SALDO
Q HP TOT Q HP TOT Q HP TOT
1-Jan 10 20 200
4-Jan 7 20 140 3 20 60
10-Jan 8 21 168 3 20 60
8 21 168
22-Jan 3 20 60 7 21 147
1 21 21
28-Jan 2 21 42 5 21 105
30-Jan 10 22 220 5 21 105
10 22 220
388 HPP 263 15 So 325
KARTU PERSEDIAAN
NAMA BARANG KODE BARANG
METODE LIFO
TGL PEMBELIAN HPP SALDO
Q HP TOT Q HP TOT Q HP TOT
1-Jan 10 20 200
4-Jan 7 20 140 3 20 60
10-Jan 8 21 168 3 20 60
8 21 168
22-Jan 4 21 84 3 20 60
4 21 84
28-Jan 2 21 42 3 20 60
2 21 42
30-Jan 10 22 220 3 20 60
2 21 42
10 22 220
388 HPP 266 15 So 322
$15,070
Valuation of Inventory at
Lower-of-Cost-or-Market
Unit Unit
Inventory Cost Market Total Total Lower
Item Quantity Price Price Cost Market C or M
A 400 $10.25 $ 9.50 $ 4,100 $ 3,800 $ 3,800
B 120 22.50 24.10 2,700 2,892 2,700
C 600 8.00 7.75 4,800 4,650 4,650
D 280 14.00 14.75 3,920 4,130 3,920
$15,520 $15,472
individual items
Total
The market decline based on
($15,520 – $15,070) = $450
Estimating Inventory Cost
Retail Method of Estimating Inventory Cost
 Metode hrg eceran berdasarkan hubungan
antara hrg pokok brg tersedia dijual dgn hrg
eceran dari barang yg sama.
 Harga eceran semua brg dag harus ditetapkan
dan dijumlah keseluruhan.
 Persediaan eceran = HP Brg tersedia dijual (hrg
eceran) – penjualan bersih satu periode.
 Rasio biaya = HP brg tersedia dijual
HP brg tersedia dijual (eceran).
 Estimasi Hrg pokok Persediaan = persediaan
eceran x rasio biaya terhadap harga eceran brg
tersedia dijual.
Retail Inventory Method
Step 1: Menentukan rasio biaya
thd harga eceran.
Cost Retail
Merchandise inventory, Jan. 1 $19,400 $ 36,000
Purchases in January (net) 42,600 64,000
Merchandise available for sale $62,000 $100,000
$100,000
Rasio biaya thd hrg eceran =
$62,000
= 62%
Retail Inventory Method
Step 2: Menentukan persediaan
akhir menurut hrg eceran.
Sales for January (net) 70,000
Merchandise inventory, January 31, at retail $ 30,000
Cost Retail
Merchandise inventory, Jan. 1 $19,400 $ 36,000
Purchases in January (net) 42,600 64,000
Merchandise available for sale $62,000 $100,000
Retail Inventory Method
Step 3: Menghitung estimasi
persediaan akhir.
Merchandise inventory, Jan. 1
Cost
$19,400 $
Retail
36,000
Purchases in January (net) 42,600 64,000
Merchandise available for sale $62,000 $100,000
Sales for January (net) 70,000
Merchandise inventory, January 31, at retail $ 30,000
Merchandise inventory, January 31, at cost
($30,000 x 62%) $18,600
Gross Profit Method of Estimating
Inventory Cost
1. Prosentase Laba kotor diestimasikan dari tk aktual
tahun sebelumnya yg disesuaikan dgn setiap
perubahan dlm hrg pokok & hrg jual selama
periode berjalan.
2. Estimasi laba kotor = tk estimasi laba kotor x aktual
penjualan bersih.
3. Estimasi HP Penjualan = aktual penjualan bersih –
estimasi laba kotor.
4. Estimasi Persediaan akhir = HP Brg tersedia dijual
– HPPenjualan.
Metode Laba kotor berguna untuk estimasi
persediaan pada lap keuangan bulanan atau
triwulanan dalam sistem persediaan periodik.
Gross Profit Me thod
Merchandise inventory, January 1 $ 57,000
Purchases in January (net) 180,000
Merchandise available for sale $237,000
Sales in January (net) $250,000
Less: Estimated gross profit
($250,000 x 30%) 75,000
Estimated cost of merchandise sold 175,000
Estimated merchandise inventory, January 31 $ 62,000

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persediaan.pptx

  • 1. P E R S E D I AA N
  • 2. PERSEDIAANBARANGDAGANG (MERCHANDISEINVENTORY) SISTEMPENCA T A T AN: - INVENT ARISASI PERIODIK/ METODEFISIK - PERPETUAL/ BALANCEPERMANEN METODEFISIK: - PEMBELIAN: DICA T A TP ADAPERKIRAAN“PEMBELIAN” SEBESARHARGAPOKOKNY A -PENJUALAN: DICA T A TP ADAPERKIRAAN“PENJUALAN” SEBESARHARGAJUAL BARANGY ANGDIBELI UNTUKDIJUALKEMBALI
  • 3. - HARGAPOKOKPENJUALAN: PERSEDIAANA W AL PEMBELIANBERSIH PERSED.BRGU/DIJUAL PERSEDIAANAKHIR Rp.XXX Rp. XXX+ Rp.XXX Rp XX– HARGAPOKOKPENJUALAN Rp.…… -PERK.”PERSEDIAANBRG.DAG”DIGUNAKANUNTUK MENCA T A TJUMLAHPERSEDIAANP ADAA W AL/AKHIR PERIODESESUAI HASILINVENT ARISASI -PERLUADJUSTMENTP ADAAKHIRPERIODEAKUNT ANSI AJE: MENIADAKANPERSEDIAANA W AL: IKHTISARL/R PERSEDIAANBRG. DAG(A W AL MENAMP AKKANPERSEDIAANAKHIR: PERSEDIAANBRG. DAG(AKHIR) IKHTISARL/R
  • 4. METODEPERPETUAL -PERK.“PERSEDIAAN BRG.DAG.” DIGUNAKANUNTUK MENCA T A TSETIAPTERJADI MUT ASI PERSEDIAAN - TRANSAKSI PENJUALAN –2A Y A TJURNAL : 1. MENCA T A THASILPENJUALAN 2. MENGKREDITPERSEDIAANSBESARHARGAPOKOKNY A - TIDAKPERLUADJUSMENT P ADAAKHIRPERIODEAKUNT ANSI PENET AP ANHARGAPOKOKPENJUALAN: - METODERA T A-RA T A - METODEFIFO - METODELIFO NILAIAKHIRPERSEDIAAN: LOWERCOSTORMARKET HARGAT AKSIRAN: - METODELABAKOTOR - METODEECERAN
  • 5. PENCATATAN Transaksi Prepetual Periodik Pembelian Persediaan xx Kas/Hut xx Pembelian xx Kas/Hut xx Retur pembelian & pot harga Hutang xx Persediaan xx Hutang xx Retur Pemb xx Biaya Angkut Persediaan xx Kas xx Bi. Angkut xx kas xx
  • 6. Pembayaran Hutang xx Kas xx Persed xx Hutang xx Kas xx Pot pemb xx Penjualan Kas/Piut xx Penjualan xx HPPenj xx Persed xx Kas/Piut xx Penjualan xx Retur penj & pot harga Retur penj xx Piutang xx Persediaan xx HPPenj xx Retur penj xx Piutang xx
  • 7. Pelunasan/ Penerimaan kas Kas xx Pot Penj xx Piutang xx Kas xx Pot Penj xx Piutang xx
  • 8. PENETAPAN HARGA POKOK SISTEM PERIODIK • RATA-RATA • Misal: Unit HP/Unit H.Pokok 1/1 Persd aw 100 Rp.10 Rp. 1000 12/4 Pembel 200 Rp.11 Rp. 2200 20/9 Pembel 300 Rp.12 Rp. 3600 29/11Pembel 400 Rp.13 Rp. 5200 1000 Rp.12.000 Harga pokok rata2 Rp.12.000 = Rp.12 1000 Persed akhir diket = 450 unit Nilai Persediaan akhir = 450 x Rp.12 = Rp. 5400
  • 9. • Harga pokok Penjualan: Rp. 1.000 Rp. 11.000 Rp. 12.000 Rp. 5.400 • Persediaan awal • Pembelian • Persed siap dijual • Persed akhir • Harga Pokok Penj Rp. 6.600
  • 10. FIFO (First In First Out) • Harga Pokok Persed akhir: Unit HP/U H.Pokok 29/11 400 Rp.13 Rp.5.200 20/9 50 Rp.12 Rp. 600 450 Rp.5.800 H.Pokok Penjualan Persediaan tersedia dijual Persediaan akhir H.Pokok Penjualan Rp.12.000 Rp. 5.800 Rp. 6.200
  • 11. LIFO (Last In First Out) • Harga Pokok Persediaan akhir Unit HP/U H. Pokok 1/1 100 Rp.10 Rp.1.000 12/4 200 Rp.11 Rp.2.200 20/9 150 Rp.12 Rp.1.800 450 Rp.5.000 H.P.Penjualan: Persediaan tersedia dijual Persediaan akhir H.P.Penjualan Rp.12.000 Rp. 5.000 Rp. 7.000
  • 12. Perpetual Inventory Costs Cost of Mdse. Sold Inventory cost data to demonstrate FIFO and LIFO Perpetual Systems Item 127B Units Cost Price Jan. 1 Inventory 10 $20 4 Sale 7 $30 10 Purchase 8 21 22 Sale 4 31 28 Sale 2 32 30 Purchase 10 22
  • 13. METODE RATA-RATA BERGERAK KODE TGL PEMBELIAN HPP SALDO Q HP TOT Q HP TOT Q HP TOT 1-Jan 10 20 200 4-Jan 7 20 140 3 20 60 10-Jan 8 21 168 11 20.7 228 22-Jan 4 20.7 82.8 7 20.7 145 28-Jan 2 20.7 41.5 5 20.7 104 30-Jan 10 22 220 15 21.6 324 388 HPP 264 So 324 KARTU PERSEDIAAN NAMA BARANG
  • 14. METODE FIFO TGL PEMBELIAN HPP SALDO Q HP TOT Q HP TOT Q HP TOT 1-Jan 10 20 200 4-Jan 7 20 140 3 20 60 10-Jan 8 21 168 3 20 60 8 21 168 22-Jan 3 20 60 7 21 147 1 21 21 28-Jan 2 21 42 5 21 105 30-Jan 10 22 220 5 21 105 10 22 220 388 HPP 263 15 So 325 KARTU PERSEDIAAN NAMA BARANG KODE BARANG
  • 15. METODE LIFO TGL PEMBELIAN HPP SALDO Q HP TOT Q HP TOT Q HP TOT 1-Jan 10 20 200 4-Jan 7 20 140 3 20 60 10-Jan 8 21 168 3 20 60 8 21 168 22-Jan 4 21 84 3 20 60 4 21 84 28-Jan 2 21 42 3 20 60 2 21 42 30-Jan 10 22 220 3 20 60 2 21 42 10 22 220 388 HPP 266 15 So 322
  • 16. $15,070 Valuation of Inventory at Lower-of-Cost-or-Market Unit Unit Inventory Cost Market Total Total Lower Item Quantity Price Price Cost Market C or M A 400 $10.25 $ 9.50 $ 4,100 $ 3,800 $ 3,800 B 120 22.50 24.10 2,700 2,892 2,700 C 600 8.00 7.75 4,800 4,650 4,650 D 280 14.00 14.75 3,920 4,130 3,920 $15,520 $15,472 individual items Total The market decline based on ($15,520 – $15,070) = $450
  • 18. Retail Method of Estimating Inventory Cost  Metode hrg eceran berdasarkan hubungan antara hrg pokok brg tersedia dijual dgn hrg eceran dari barang yg sama.  Harga eceran semua brg dag harus ditetapkan dan dijumlah keseluruhan.  Persediaan eceran = HP Brg tersedia dijual (hrg eceran) – penjualan bersih satu periode.  Rasio biaya = HP brg tersedia dijual HP brg tersedia dijual (eceran).  Estimasi Hrg pokok Persediaan = persediaan eceran x rasio biaya terhadap harga eceran brg tersedia dijual.
  • 19. Retail Inventory Method Step 1: Menentukan rasio biaya thd harga eceran. Cost Retail Merchandise inventory, Jan. 1 $19,400 $ 36,000 Purchases in January (net) 42,600 64,000 Merchandise available for sale $62,000 $100,000 $100,000 Rasio biaya thd hrg eceran = $62,000 = 62%
  • 20. Retail Inventory Method Step 2: Menentukan persediaan akhir menurut hrg eceran. Sales for January (net) 70,000 Merchandise inventory, January 31, at retail $ 30,000 Cost Retail Merchandise inventory, Jan. 1 $19,400 $ 36,000 Purchases in January (net) 42,600 64,000 Merchandise available for sale $62,000 $100,000
  • 21. Retail Inventory Method Step 3: Menghitung estimasi persediaan akhir. Merchandise inventory, Jan. 1 Cost $19,400 $ Retail 36,000 Purchases in January (net) 42,600 64,000 Merchandise available for sale $62,000 $100,000 Sales for January (net) 70,000 Merchandise inventory, January 31, at retail $ 30,000 Merchandise inventory, January 31, at cost ($30,000 x 62%) $18,600
  • 22. Gross Profit Method of Estimating Inventory Cost 1. Prosentase Laba kotor diestimasikan dari tk aktual tahun sebelumnya yg disesuaikan dgn setiap perubahan dlm hrg pokok & hrg jual selama periode berjalan. 2. Estimasi laba kotor = tk estimasi laba kotor x aktual penjualan bersih. 3. Estimasi HP Penjualan = aktual penjualan bersih – estimasi laba kotor. 4. Estimasi Persediaan akhir = HP Brg tersedia dijual – HPPenjualan.
  • 23. Metode Laba kotor berguna untuk estimasi persediaan pada lap keuangan bulanan atau triwulanan dalam sistem persediaan periodik. Gross Profit Me thod Merchandise inventory, January 1 $ 57,000 Purchases in January (net) 180,000 Merchandise available for sale $237,000 Sales in January (net) $250,000 Less: Estimated gross profit ($250,000 x 30%) 75,000 Estimated cost of merchandise sold 175,000 Estimated merchandise inventory, January 31 $ 62,000