SATISTICAL DATA ON SALES OF DRUGS - A PHARMACOECONOMICAL SURVEY

1. A STATISTICAL DATA
ON SALES OF DRUGS –
A
PHARMACOECONOMICA
L SURVEY
Swarna Priya Basker*, Yuga Priya M, Ranjeeth Kumar K,
Madhumitha V, Subalakshmi S, Alice Cholan R, Pavithra
Devi S, Thamizh Selvan S, Naveen kumar S

2. PHARMACOECONOMICS
• Pharmacoeconomics is a branch of health
economics, which is concerned with the cost
and value of drugs, often with the goal of
optimizing the allocation of healthcare
resources, i.e., comparing the costs of various
drugs with the outcomes, such as benefits and
risk associated with the patient receiving the
drugs and on healthcare systems owing the
effective treatment or prevention of a disease.

3. ECHO MODEL – ECONOMIC CLINICAL
HUMANISTIC OUTCOMES
• The pharmacoeconomics can be related with
economics in the terms of ECHO model – Economic
Outcomes, Clinical Outcomes, Humanistic Outcomes.
• Economic parameters - direct and indirect costs
• The clinical parameters - survival and morbidity rate
• Humanistic parameters - utilities and aims at to
improve the quality of life.
• Both positive (drug’s efficacy) and negative (ADR and
treatment failure) outcomes can be accompanied in
processing and marketing of drugs.

4. OBJECTIVE AND METHODOLOGY
• The present study was designed to explore the
current pharmacoeconomics of drugs ---
pharmacoepidemeology of diseases.
• The prospective cross sectional survey study includes
the data collection from main cities of Chennai (Avadi
to Adyar) and the study was conducted on monsoon
season, on a sample size of 131, with a self designed
questionnaire, which contains 13 questions in whole,
aimed for the detailed study of most sold category of
drugs.
• Data analysis was done using descriptive statistics.

5. INFERENCE
In total of 131 pharmacies were considered for this study,
it was found 82% of floating pharmacies and 18% of
hospital and clinic associated pharmacies. Regarding the
sales, OTC accounts for 25% and schedule accounts for
75%. In particular the age group of geriatric and adults
were found to undergo therapies. Specifically under OTC,
anti-pyretic (30%), analgesic (30%) and anti-biotics (10%)
are being mostly sold. While in the schedule class of
drugs, anti-diabetic (65%) and anti-hypertensive (22%)
have been found. Regarding the age group of people
affected, the geriatrics (35%), pediatrics (15%) and adults
(50%) was found.

6. FINDINGS
OTC
25%
SCHEDULE
75%
0% 0%
Sales

7. FINDINGS10
8
5
8
30
30
ANTIBIOTIC ANTIALLERGIC ANTIDIARRHOEAL VITAMINS ANTIPYRETIC ANALGESIC
SALES
SALES OF CATEGORY OTC DRUGS

8. FINDINGS
65
22
5
3
1
4
ANTIDIABETIC ANTIHYPERTENSIVE THYROID PSYCHOTIC NARCOTIC OTHERS
SALES
SALES OF CATEGORY OF SCHEDULE DRUGS

9. FINDINGS
82%
18%
0%0%
TYPES
FLOATING HOSPITAL ASSOCIATED

10. FINDINGS
15
35
50
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
PEDIATRIC GERIATRIC ADULTS

11. CAUSES INCREASING
EPIDEMEOLOGICAL STATUS
The most common reason for lifestyle disease is lack
of physical activity, work stress, wrong eating habits,
unusual sleep pattern, etc. The eating habits
contribute more for lifestyle diseases. Nowadays
people focus more on junk foods ignoring the
nutritional requirements of the body. The urban
population is more addicted with high fat and salt
foods. These foods serve more calories than
nutritional food. Increased consumption of processed
meat and food items put the population on high risk
of diseases. Also because of work pressure and fast
lifestyle people tend to have packed food for their
convenience.

12. MAINTAINING OF BALANCE
• People are predisposed to various disease based on
the way of living and occupational habits. They are
preventable, and can be lowered with changes in diet,
lifestyle and environment. Lifestyle diseases whose
occurrence is primarily based on daily habits of
people and are the result of an appropriate
relationship of people with environment.
• The main factor contributing to the lifestyle diseases
include bad food habits, physical inactivity, wrong
body posture and distributed biological clock.

13. STRESS
• All these factors are responsible for health problems
like diabetes, hypertension, blood pressure, obesity,
cholesterol, arthritis, etc. In fact, one in five living in
the urban area are facing this problem. The most
prevailing lifestyle disorders are induced by stress.
• Stress causes many disabilities like mental disorders,
obesity, Alzheimer’s, atherosclerosis and
gastrointestinal disorder. People nowadays are aging
very fast due to their work stress. Anxiety due to
change in sleep pattern or improper sleep is leading
to mental illness.

14. DEPRESSION
Chronic depression due to lack of work life balance
possess greater risk of one’s health and their
problems often go hand in hand with other unhealthy
habits like smoking, consumption of alcohol, overall
these practices results in development of serious
disease like liver cirrhosis ,pulmonary disease and
even cancer.

15. “Before a lifestyle disorders make
you a victim, wakeup and adapt a
healthy lifestyle by including
physical activities, relaxation,
good sleep patterns and eating
fresh foods”

16. NOVEL DRUG DESIGN AND
DEVELOPMENT
• A new era of drug discovery and development coupled
with an enormous increase in the marketing of new drugs.
The lifespan of human being is increasing and hence the
demand for many lifestyle drugs is also becoming in a
large scale.
• Many drugs has transformed lifestyle of millions and
greatly increased the revenue of many pharmaceutical
companies with the Indian economy.
• Disease monitoring can include, turning ordinary
ailments into medical problem. Seeing mild symptoms as
serious treating personal problems are medical seeing risk
as diseases and framing prevalence estimates to maximize
the potential markets.

17. As companies resort to unconventional methods to sell
their brands, ethics take a back seat. Expanding
indications, exaggerating efficacy indications,
ignoring contraindications and underplaying Adverse
Drug Reaction (ADR) have routine practice. The
prescribers are used by manufacturers to promote
their products and the methods are often ingenious.

18. 3 C’S OF PHARMACEUTICAL
MARKET
• The commercial needs of countless, fiercely
competing pharmaceutical companies have led them
to depend on tried and tested 3©s –
• convince if possible,
• confuse with necessary and
• corrupt if nothing else worked.
• It is easy to find fault with policies adopted ago and
the fault may lie in the regulatory failing to keep pace
with innovations in the pharmaceutical industry.

19. “They sell the most products to
most people as if money is
going to fix the little problems
of everyone instead of fixing the
big problem”

20. CONCLUSION
Pharmacoeconomics can enhance the quality of
practice by strengthening evaluation process and
increasing the probability that deliver better value in
patient care. Many poor, illiterate people in India ask
pharmacists for medicine for common problems such
as cold, cough and pains. In order to tap this lucrative
market, companies produce “branded generics”.
These are not promoted to the medical profession but
to pharmacies which are offered huge discounts.
Nearly all companies are engaged in vicious
competition to sell the same molecules under
different brands. The above article serves as a key for
new drug development, study cost effectiveness and
cost benefit ratio and also for the proper utilization of
limited resources.

21. ANY QUERIES?
THANK YOU!