The document discusses the threats posed by biological weapons and natural infectious diseases. It notes that while biological weapons have killed few people compared to natural diseases like AIDS and malaria, they can still impact combat readiness, public morale and economies. It also discusses the dual-use nature of biological research, and argues that restrictions are unnecessary and could prevent developing nations from accessing important technologies. Overall it argues that the risks of misusing biological research are exaggerated, but governments and industry should still collaborate to bolster preparedness for potential epidemics through sensible policies and incentives.