world health organisation(WHO)

1. WORLD
HEALTH
ORGANIZATION
By Dr. Sumita Sharma
Dept of Community Medicine

2. The Global
Guardian Of
Public Health
Who is WHO?

3. •The world health organization (WHO) is a specialized non political
multilateral agency of the united nations concerned with global public health.
•The organization is the directing and coordinating
authority on international public health matters
•It was established on 7 April 1948 by the united nations;
a date celebrated each year as world health day.
•The WHO headquarters is located at Geneva,
Switzerland.
WHO

4. BACKGROUND
•The world health organization was the result of several efforts to establish a
single world wide inter-governmental health agency.
•A series of sanitary conferences were held in Europe in the the 19th century to
coordinate policy and practice around disease management and quarantine
practices following a wave of severe cholera epidemics.
•The first international sanitary conference took place in 1851.
•In 1902 the pan American sanitary bureau was formed
•In 1923 the league of nations established a health organization

5. •In 1945 the united nations was formed at a conference in San Francisco. A motion at the
united nations by the Brazilian and Chinese delegates to establish an international health
organization was unanimously accepted.
•The constitution of the new health organization was drawn up in 1946 at an international
health conference held in new York.
•After the WHO constitution was accepted and ratified by the required number of united
nations member states, the organization came into formal existence on 7 April 1948.
• 7th April – a date we now celebrate every year as World Health Day.

6. ACHIEVMENTS OF WHO; historical landmarks
• WHO begins its first two decades with a strong focus on mass campaigns against tuberculosis,
malaria, yaws, syphilis, smallpox and leprosy, among other communicable diseases transmitted from
person to person or animals to people.
• 1950-
Antibiotics
• 1952-1957
Polio vaccine
• 1963 -
MMR vaccine
1979- Following an ambitious 12-year global vaccination
campaign led by WHO, smallpox is eradicated.
1987- First antiretroviral medication to control
HIV infection
1995- The DOTS strategy is launched. At end 2013, more
than 37 million lives had been saved through TB
diagnosis and treatment under this strategy.

7. 1999 -GAVI
2000 - The GOARN
2003- Convention on tobacco control
2005-
The International Health Regulations are revised, giving countries clear and tested
guidelines for reporting disease outbreaks and other public health emergencies to
WHO and triggering response systems to isolate and contain threats.
2006 -The number of children who die before their fifth birthday declines below 10
million for the first time in recent history.
2008-
New evidence of heart disease and stroke prompts WHO to strengthen
its focus on noncommunicable diseases.

8. 2009-The emergence of the new H1N1 influenza virus .WHO works with collaborating
centres and pharmaceutical industries to develop influenza vaccines in record time.
2014- WHO Secretariat activates a response to Ebola outbreak, deploying thousands of
technical experts and support staff and medical equipment; mobilizing foreign medical
teams and coordinating creation of mobile laboratories and treatment centres.
2015- SDGs move beyond the MDGs.
2016- WHO announces zero cases of Ebola in West Africa
Zika virus a Public Health Emergency of International Concern.

9. Values of WHO
TRUSTED TO SERVE PUBLIC HEALTH AT ALL TIMES
PROFESSIONALS COMMITTED TO EXCELLENCE IN
HEALTH
PERSONS OF INTEGRITY
COLLABORATIVE COLLEAGUES AND PARTNERS
PEOPLE CARING ABOUT PEOPLE

10. STAKEHOLDERS OF WHO
• Engagement with United Nations at the global, regional, and country
level ; a major asset.
• Ministries of Health
• Government agencies
• Foundations
• Intragovernmental
• Nongovernmental organizations
• Civil society
• Media
• Professional associations and
• WHO collaborating centres.

11. WHO at a glance
>194 Member States
>Headquarters in Geneva
>6 regional offices
>More than 150 country offices
>More than 700 institutions supporting WHO’s work
>More than 7000 staff
>Medical doctors, public health specialists, scientists ,epidemiologists, people
trained to manage administrative, financial, and information systems, as well as
experts in the fields of health statistics, economics and emergency relief.

12. INCUMBENT DIRECTOR GENERAL
DR TEDROS ADHANOMPHD
Country of origin - Ethiopia
•Assumed office 1 July 2017
•Incumbent director general of who.
•Politician, academic, and public-
Health authority
•Global leader on malaria, HIV/AIDS, maternal and child
health
•Minister of health of Ethiopia from 2005 to 2012 ,
minister of foreign affairs of Ethiopia from 2012 to 2016.

14. OBJECTIVE OF WHO
•The objective of the WHO as set out in the constitution is the attainment by all
peoples of the highest possible level of health.
•The current objective of the WHO is the attainment by all people of the world
of a level of health that will permit them to lead socially and economically
productive lives.
•The WHO defines health as “a state of complete physical, mental, and social
well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity”

15. Providing
leadership
on matters
crucial to
health and
engaging in
partnerships
where joint
action is
needed
Shaping the
research
agenda and
stimulating
the
generation ,
translation
&
dissemination
of valuable
knowledge
Monitoring
the health
situation
and
assessing
health
trends
Providing
technical
support
catalyzing
change and
building
sustainable
institutional
capacity
Articulating
ethical and
evidence
based
policy
options
Setting
norms and
standards
and
promoting
and
monitoring
their
implementa
tion
Core
Functions
of WHO

16. MAIN WORKING AREAS OFWHO
1.Prevention and control of specific diseases
2.Development of comprehensive health services
3.Family health
4.Environmental health
5.Health statistics
6.Bio-medical research
7.Health literature and information
8.Cooperation with other organizations

17. WORLD
HEALTH
ASSEMBLY
(Parliament)
EXECUTIVE
BOARD
SECRETARIAT
MEMBER
COUNTRIES
(193)
REGIONS (6)

18. • It is the Supreme governing body of the organization.
• It meets annually generally in the month of May in
headquarter Geneva.
• Todetermine international health policy and program
• Toreview the work of past year.
• Toapprove the budget.
• Toelect member state to designate a person to serve for 3 year
on executive board.
• Supervises the financial policies of the organization and
reviews and approves the proposed program budget
17– 21 May 2020: Geneva
Seventy-third World Health Assembly

19. • Now there are 34 members.
• At least 3 members elected from each region.
• They are composed of Technically qualified persons in the field of Health.
• The board meets at least twice a year.
• 3 – 8 February 2020: Geneva
Executive Board: 146th session
• The main function of board is to give effect to the decisions and policies of the
assembly.
• It has also power to take action in an emergency such as epidemics,
earthquakes, floods etc.

20. • Secretariat is Headed by the Director General who is the chief of technical and
administrative officer of the organization.
• There are 5 assistant Director General and there responsibility is assigned by DG
in different Divisions.
1. Epidemiological surveillance and health situation and trend assessment
2. Communicable Disease
3. Vector biology and control
4. Environmental Health
5. Public information and education for health
6. Diagnostic, therapeutic and rehabilitative technology

21. 7. Mental health
8. Strengthening of health services
9. Family health
10. Non communicable disease
11. Health manpower development
12. Information system supports
13. Personal and general services
14. Budget and finance

22. )
REGION HEADQUARTER
1.South East Asia New Delhi (India)
2.Africa Harare (Zimbabwe)
3. The Americas Washington D.C (U.S.A)
4. Europe Copenhagen (Denmark)
5. Eastern Mediterranean Alexandria (Egypt)
6. Western Pacific Manila (Philippines

23. INDIA is member of SEAR
Ø Head quarter in new Delhi
Ø The SEAR has now 11 members:-
1. BHUTAN.
2. BANGLADESH.
3. INDIA.
4. INDONESIA.
5. MALDIVES.
6. ISLANDS.
7. MYANMAR.
8. KOREA .
9. NEPAL.
10. SRILANKA.
11. THAILAND.

24. • The activities of WHO in India and south east
Asia region are as follow :-
1. Eradication of malaria
2. Control of TB and communicable disease
3. RCH (Reproductive And Child Health)
4. Health statistics
5. Dental health
6. Health laboratory services
7. Public health administration
8. Medical rehabilitation.
9. Qualities and control of drugs.
10. Helps in medical and nursing education.
11. Manufactures of vaccines.

25. • Membership into WHO is open to all countries.
• All countries that are part of the UN are also members of WHO,
with the exception of Switzerland as an example of a country
which is part of WHO but not the UN

26. Who pays for WHO?
SOURCES OF FUNDING
• WHO is financed in part by dues paid by Member States.
• The amount each Member State must pay is calculated
relative to the country’s wealth and population.
• Additional financing comes from voluntary contributions
which, in recent years, have accounted for more than three-
quarters of the Organization’s financing.
• Voluntary contributions come from Member States and
partner organizations such as foundations and civil society.
• Contributions from the private sector, usually in the form of
in-kind donations, provide less than 1% of WHO’s
financing.

27. Overview of
WHO’s thirteenth
General
Programme Of
Work 2019−2023:
strategic priorities
and shifts

30. Increasing human capital throughout life through an integrated set of
evidence-based interventions

31. WHO’s impact and accountability framework

32. World health day theme- 2020
”Year of the Nurse and Midwife”

33. THANK YOU