1. KAPIL BHUTANI
Departments in Telecommunication
RF Transmission BSS MSC OMC-R VAS IN
Planning Survey BTS (I&C) Drive Test Optimization
RF-Radio Frequency Department is divided in further parts each performing
different functions.
1)RF Planning- This department deals with planning of Cell sites, Frequency
planning and Parameter Planning on Different Tools. After Planning is done, RF
Survey is performed to check the feasibility of the site on the planned location.
BSS-Base Station Subsystem Department is works with OMCR. After they get to
know about the alarms on the site they go there and rectify it. Every zone has a
BSS engineer. It is also responsible for BTS and BSC installation and
commissioning.

2. KAPIL BHUTANI
NSS-Network Switching Sub System consists of two things1)Mobile switching
centre is the central heart of a telecom network. It controls all the switching
functions and Engineers in this departments are responsible to handle the proper
functioning of MSC and its nodes.2) Operation and maintance centre Switch is
responsible for faults(Alarms) in MSC
OMC-R-Operation & Maintains Centre-Radio Department Keeps on monitoring
the Alarms (Faults) on the site and the inform the engineer on the site to rectify it.
VAS- Value Added Service department is responsible for planning and
performance of value added services(for those we have to pay extra money) like
GPRS,CRBT and SMS.
IN- Intelligent Network department deals with prepaid services and Online
charging system
In India we have defined list of 23 Telecom circle by Department of
Telecommunications. If we change our circle then we have to bear roaming
charges.. Telecom Circles are divided into 4 groups: 'metro circles' and then 'A',
'B', and 'C' circles. The 'metro' circles cover very dense population centers in the
very largest Indian cities: Delhi, Kolkata, and Mumbai. The 'A', 'B', and 'C' circles
cover various geographic territories of varying population sizes. 'A' circles are the
largest in terms of population coverage. 'C' circles contain the smallest population.
Scope in Telecom Industry
Telecom Operators-These companies are responsible for providing services to the
frount end coustomers and after sales customer support. They have to start their
process after they have bought spectrum from TRAI.

3. KAPIL BHUTANI
Primary Vendor- They provide their services to operators based on signed
contract. They are BTS Manufacturers .Following are such Companies—Nokia
Siemens Network ,Ericssion India Pvt Ltd, Zhongxing Telecommunication
Equipment Huawei Telecoms, Alcatel Lucent .
Secondary Vendor-Provide Manpower to primary vendor Companies for various
projects.
Definition:
Global system for mobile communication (GSM) is a globally accepted standard
for digital cellular communication. GSM is the name of a standardization group
established in 1982 to create a common European mobile telephone standard that
would formulate specifications for a pan-European mobile cellular radio system
operating at 900 MHz. It is estimated that many countries outside of Europe will
join the GSM partnership.
The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) is a set of
recommendations and specifications for digital cellular telephone network.These
recommendations ensure the compatibility of equipment from different GSM
manufacturers, and interconnectivity between different administrations, including
operation across international boundaries.
TDMA and FDMA
GSM uses the two multiple access schemes so that it cam maximise the uses of
available resources.

4. KAPIL BHUTANI
Frequency division for multiple acess-In this Division of GSM frequency band
takes place so that multiple people can access the same frequency. For ex. We have
GSM 900Mhz band,Uplink-890-915 Downlink-935-960MHz As per the GSM
specification we divide 1 Mhz of band in 5 parts at a channel separation of 200
kHz.
Practical –Each part is known as ARFCN (Absolute radio frequency channel
no.).It is furtherallocated to operators as per his requirement. For ex any operator A
wants to setup a network in any circle, He to Buy for the spectrum (say 5Mhz of 25
ARFCNS).This has to be done for each circle separately by an operator
Time Division For multiple AcessAfter FDMA we have TDMA in which each
ARFCN is further divided into 8 Time slots.
Practical That means each time slot is allocated to a single user who is making a
call. So at one frequency maximum eight calls can be made simultaneously at a
time.

5. KAPIL BHUTANI
There are a limited number of frequencies available within the frequency band
specified for cellular systems. Each operator licensed to run a cellular network, has
been provided with a number of frequencies. A cell has one or several frequencies,
depending on traffic load. To cover a country, for example, the available
frequencies must be reused. The same frequency cannot be used in neighboring
cells due to interference.
STANDARD 900 (GSM) 1800(GSM) 1900(GSM) 800(CDMA)
Uplink 890-915 MHz 1710-1785 MHz 1850-1910 MHz 824-849 MHz
Downlink 935-960 MHz 1805-1890 MHz 1930-1990 MHz 869-894 MHz
Band width 25 MHz 75 MHz 60 MHz 25 MHz
Duplex Distance 45 MHz 95 MHz 80 MHz 45 MHz
Carrier Separation 200 KHz 200 KHz 200 KHz 1.25 MHz
channels 124 374 299 20
CELL and Its Orientation
A cell is the basic unit of a cellular system and is defined as the area where radio
coverage is given by one base station. The shape of a cell in theory is Hexagonal
because it gives best symmetrical structure to plan a complete covered area.

6. KAPIL BHUTANI
• But practically cells have no defined shape. They are irregular in shape
because in actual practice we cant restrict a BTS to give coverage in
hexagonal shape
• Radio coverage is given by one base station Ideally One Cell is divided in 3
Sectors We Serve each sector by One RF Antenna and each antenna is
mounted on different angles with respect to north pole of the earth
CELL GLOBAL IDENTITY
Cell global identity is an entity that is used to define a unique identification of each
cell of a particular network. It consists of MCC+MNC+LAC+CI
Mobile country code-This is used to define the country in which an operator is
working. For ex any operator working in India has a code 404,405 or 406.
Mobile network Code-This code is used to define the operator and the circle in
which operator is working. For ex. 02 is the code of airtel Punjab and 70 is the
code for airtel Rajasthan.
Sector 1
Sector3 sector 2

7. KAPIL BHUTANI
Location Area code-It is a code given to each location area( group of cells)
Cell Identification- It is a unique identification no that is given to each sector of a
site. For ex.3451,in this case 345 is site id and 1 is sector. Last no. will always
represent sector number.
Handover
Handover is the automatic transfer of the subscriber from one cell to another
during the call process, without causing any hindrance to the call. There are two
main aspects to this: the necessity to find a dedicated mode in the next cell as the
mobile is on call, and the switching process being fast enough so as not to drop that
call.
So, how does the handover actually take place? There are many processes that can
be used, but the one most used is based on power measurements. When a mobile is
at the interface of two cells, the BSS measures the power that is received by the
base stations of the two cells, and then the one that satisfies the criteria of enough
power and least interference is selected. This kind of handover being directly
related to power control, it provides an opportunity to improve the efficiency of
use of the spectrum.
Network Planning Process
Before the actual planning is started for a new network the current market situation
is analyzed. The market analysis covers all the competitors and the key information
from them: market share, network coverage areas, services, tariffs, etc. Based on
the market situation it is possible to create a future Deployment strategy for the
new operator.
 Market analysis
 Competitor analysis
 Potential customers
 User profiles: services required and usage

8. KAPIL BHUTANI
 Customer requirements
 Coverage requirements
 Capacity requirements
 Quality targets: call setup success, drop call rate, etc.
 Financial limitations
 Future deployment plans
 Environment factors and other boundary conditions
 Area morthography
 Area topography
 Hotspot locations
 Available frequency band
 Recommended base transceiver station (BTS) locations
RFSurvey
The proposed network design shows only approximate site locations. The exact
site position depends on the possibilities to construct a site on the suggested
location. Different permits are usually necessary, e.g. a planning permit from the
local council planning committee. Masts or towers almost always require planning
permits and in many cases they are subject to permits from civil aviation or
military authorities (i.e. obstruction lighting may be needed).
Permission to use the site or a lease contract must be agreed upon with the owner
of the site. Besides the need for the permits, the following must also be taken into
account:
 Access roads - The site must be accessible to installation personnel and
heavy trucks and if there is no road leading to the site, a helicopter might be
needed for material transports and for mast or tower installation.

9. KAPIL BHUTANI
Material transport and storage - The site must have an area suitable for efficient
unloading and handling of goods.
 Space requirements - For an outdoor site it is necessary that the ground area
is large enough for the radio base station and tower or mast foundation. Power
cables must be installed and a mains power source must be found in the vicinity
of the site if mains power is not available at the site. For an indoor site, the RBS
equipment room must fulfill a number of requirements concerning mains power
connection such as grounding, power outlet, and space for transport network
interface products.
 Antenna support structures - These must be provided. They can consist of
several short pipes on a roof, a guyed mast, or a self-supporting tower. The term
“tower” usually refers to a self-supported structure, while the term “mast” refers
to a structure supported with guy wires.
There are two types of surveys
• Sharing
• Anchor
SHARING
• Nominal data about the site like lat-long, planned height and planned
orientation.
• Go to lat long and check the presence of the site.
• Check the shelter space, stability, antenna height, and orientation so planned.
If there is no place in the shelter, one can use outdoor BTS.
• Take pictures at 360 degrees angle.
ANCHOR
NOMINAL
• Go to lat long

10. KAPIL BHUTANI
• Define search ring
• Find Hot Spot
BLIND
• No nominal data is given except the area where you need to plan the site.
 FOR RF SURVEY WE NEED:
GPS(Global Positioning System):Latches with satellite and tells the lat
long
Magnetic Compass
Notepad
We are given the latitude and longitude of the hot spot and moving on to the
particular lat long we find the nominal spots keeping in mind the various
points:
The lat long of nominal point
The obstacles
Clutter
Height of antenna
Other competitors and their plan and their schemes
PROCEDURE FOR SITE SELECTION
 Maximum height of the building is to be considered so that we can find
where we need to plan the site. But we also need to check the second highest
building so that the coverage can be given to the top floor of the highest
building.
G+3N=height of site

11. KAPIL BHUTANI
Where G= Ground Floor(4m); N= No. of floors
 All the buildings with basement have to be taken care of, so as to finalize the
tilt.
 Our site should cover the maximum clutterso as to give the bets possible
coverage.
 While performing the survey all the area information should be collected
like type of area, clutter, major competitor, total population, percent of
mobile users.
 After this orientationof GSM antenna should be planned according to the
clutter.
MAJOR OBSTACLES
 Buildings
 Power Grid
 Water Tank
 Railway Lines
 Length of Feeder Cables
 Height of Antenna
INTERFERENCE
• Interference is the sum of all signal contributions that are neither noise not
the wanted signal.

12. KAPIL BHUTANI
EFFECTS OF INTERFERNCE
• Interference is a major limiting factor in the performance of cellular
systems.It causes degradation of signal quality. It introduces bit errors in the
received signal.Mobile stations and base stations are exposed to different
interference situation
SOURCES
• Another mobile in the same cell.
• A call in progress in the neighboring cell.
• Other base stations operating on the same frequency.
• Any non-cellular system which leaks energy into the cellular frequency
band.
TYPES
• There are two types of system generated interference
– Co-channel interference
– Adjacent channel interference
Co-Channel Interference
This type of interference is the due to frequency reuse, i.e. several cells use the
same set of frequency. These cells are called co-channnel cells. Co-channel
interference cannot be combated by increasing the power of the transmitter. This is

13. KAPIL BHUTANI
because an increase in carrier transmit power increases the interference to
neighboring co-channel cells. To reduce co-channel interference, co-channel cells
must be physically separated by a minimum distance to provide sufficient isolation
Adjacent-Channel Interference
Interference resulting from signals which are adjacent in frequency to the
desired signal is called adjacent channel interference. Adjacent channel
interference results from imperfect receiver filters which allow nearby
frequencies to leak into the pass band.Adjacent channel interference can
be minimized through careful filtering and channel assignments.By
keeping the frequency separation between each channel in a given cell as
large as possible , the adjacent interference may be reduced considerably
FREQUENCY HOPPING:
The Frequency Hopping feature changes the frequency used by a channel on
the air-interface every new TDMA frame in a regular pattern.
ADVANTAGES:
• Decreasing the probability of interference
• Ease in frequency planning
• Increase in Capacity
TYPES OF HOPPING

14. KAPIL BHUTANI
SYNTHESIZER FREQUENCY HOPPING: No. of frequencies hopping on one
TRX card. In this technique a unique Mobile allocation list is attached to every
sector. This list contains a number of frequencies within which the TRXs present
in that sector would hop for every burst. The number of frequencies present in the
list must be equal to or more than the number of TRXs in that sector. Synthesised
hopping is preferred over base band hopping due to the fact that for hopping to be really
effective in case of base band hopping, one must have more number of carriers
(TRXs) in a single sector.
BASEBAND HOPPING: Here frequency hopping is done by switching the
information frame of 1 call from one trans receiver to another within the cell. Here
the hop between different frequencies depends on the number of carriers (TRXs)
present in that particular cell. There is no separate Mobile allocation list attached to
every sector of the BTS. Here hopping of frequencies occur by shifting a single
call between different TRXs of the same sector for every burst.
Parameters:
• MA (Mobile Allocation) List – ARFCNs used in hopping sequence
• HSN (Hopping Sequence Number) – Algorithms of sequence (0-63)
• MAIO (Mobile Allocation Index Offset) – Entry of MA List at which
hopping sequence begins
WHY DRIVE TESTING?
Drive testing consists of test teams driving on pre-defined routes in a network

15. KAPIL BHUTANI
region and periodically initiating calls and measuring signal strength. The
types of test data collected include unsuccessful handovers, low-quality audio
and dropped calls etc. These results are transferred from the MS to a dedicated PC
where the various data groups are processed in order to produce graphical and
tabular data in a
format that can be readily interpreted by the test engineer.
DRIVE TEST EQUIPMENTS:
Data collected to find and analyze problems in the network
Vehicle
Drive test mobile phone
External vehicle mounted GPS
Laptop with drivetest software and GPS connection capability
Dongle Key
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS
After connecting the drive test tool, following activities are carried out during
Drive test:
1. Software like TEMS is opened in the Laptop. The system by default opens
‘GSM’ window displaying the empty tables and charts meant for RF
information.
2. Both external devices, Handset and GPS are detected by the devices but are
indicated as disconnected with the red color symbol. This changes to green
color after clicking ‘Connect All’ in the Connection Toolbar.
3. Now the mobile is connected in the ‘idle mode’. The GSM window starts
displaying the live network data in the corresponding tables and charts. GPS
window shows Latitude & Longitude of the place.

16. KAPIL BHUTANI
4. Click ‘Record’ tool bar. Save logfile followed by originating call on the
phone. The test enters in the ‘dedicated mode’.
5. Drive the roads on routes covering the cell and all neighboring cells.
6. Cell coverage, Received signal strength, Quality and many other RF
parameters are measured.Call connection, call mobility control, call release and
many other events are checked and recorded.
7. Drive test log file is generated and can be exported to different formats for
Post processing requirement
DRIVE TEST TYPES(w.r.t work to be done in drive test)
TYPES OF DRIVE TESTS(w.r.t. area covered)
• CW Drive Test- Initial network setup
• SWAP Drive Test- Updation in existing network
• GPRS Drive Test- Data drive test of GPRS
• Benchmarking Drive Test- Multiple Operator Drive Test
• Frequency Scanning Drive Test
• Extensive Drive Test- Dive in each Sector
• Single Call Functionality Test- Making 10 calls and 5 sms in each site
• Green Field Drive Test- New network acceptance Test Drive
• Current Channel Parameter
• Time: It is system time of computer.
• Cell name: It displays the name of the sector which is serving according to
the cellfile that is loaded in TEMS.
•

17. KAPIL BHUTANI
• CGI : It stands for the Cell Global Identity which is unique for every sector
of the site. It consists of MCC,MNC,LAC,CI.
• MCC: Mobile Country Code 0 – 999 (e.g. 404 in India), MNC: Mobile
Network Code 0 – 99 (e.g. 98 for Airtel in Gujarat) LAC : Location Area
Code 0 -65535 (e.g. 5101 in Gujarat) CI: Cell Identity 0 – 65535 (e.g.
11001)
• Cell GPRS Support: Tells sector is having GPRS or not. Values are Yes or
No .
• Band : It tells in which Freq. Band mobile is operating e.g. GSM 900/ 1800.
• BCCH ARFCN: It tells by which BCCH is the mobile station getting served.
• TCH ARFCN: On which Traffic Freq. call is going on.
• BSIC (Base Station Identity Code) : It is combination of Network Color
Code (NCC) (0 – 7) & Base Station Color Code (BCC) (0 – 7). e.g. 62. It is
decoded by mobile on every Sync. Channel Message.
• Mode: It is shows in which state is mobile operating, Idle, Dedicated &
Packet.
• Time slot: On which time slot of current TCH call is going on. Viz. time slot
no. of TRX.
• Channel Type: Type of channel mobile is getting now. Like BCCH /
SDCCH/8 + SACCH/C8 or CBCH / TCH/F +FACCH/F +SACCH/F.
• Channel Mode : Shows mode of coding like Speech Full Rate of Half Rate.
• Speech Codec: It shows FR for Full Rate, HR for Half Rate & EFR for
Enhanced Full Rate.
• Ciphering Algorithm : It shows ciphering algorithm used by the system to
protect data for privacy. E.g. Cipher by A5/2.
• Sub Channel Number: It is displayed at a time when mobile is on dedicated
mode at time of call setup when it is getting SDCCH at that time it shows
which SDCCH it is getting out of 8 available. E.g. 2.
RADIO PARAMETERS WINDOW
• RxLev :Receiving level in terms of dBm that mobile is receiving from the
site. Range of -30 dBm to -110dBm.
• RxQual : Quality of voice which is measured on basis of BER. Range of
RxQual 0 -7.
•

18. KAPIL BHUTANI
• FER : Frame Erasure Rate it represents the percentage of frames being
dropped due to high number of non-corrected bit errors in the frame. It is
indication of voice quality in network.
• BER Actual : Ratio of the number of bit errors to the total number of bits
transmitted in a given time interval. BER is a measure for the voice quality
in network.. Depending on BER RxQual is measured. E,g, BER 0 to 0.2 %
corresponds to RxQual 0. Max. BER countable and useful is up to 12.8 %
which corresponds to RxQual of max. 7.
• SQI :SQI is a more sophisticated measure which is dedicated to reflecting
the quality of the speech (as opposed to radio environment conditions). This
means that when optimizing the speech quality in your network, SQI is the
best criterion to use. SQI is updated at 0.5 s intervals. It is computed on basis
of BER and FER. For EFR 30, FR – 21 & HR – 17 are respectively ideal
values.
• C/I : The carrier-over-interference ratio is the ratio between the signal
strength of the current serving cell and the signal strength of undesired
(interfering) signal components. It should be atleast>9 .
Problem Cases
1. Interference
2. Handover
3. Call Setup Failure
4. Dropped Call
5. Misc.
 Possible Reasons
1. Shadowed Antenna
2. Antenna Direction
3. Antenna Height / down tilt
4. Output Power
5. Missing Neighbor Relation
6. Site Location
7. Faulty Hardware e.g. antenna & TMA
8. Cell is down

19. KAPIL BHUTANI
Possible solutions
1. Enable Frequency Hopping or add frequencies to Hopping group.
2. Enable BTS Power Control, MS power control and make it less
aggressive.
3. Change frequency of interferer or interfered cell – Possible to find new
frequency by
4. using TEMS Scanning.
5. Down tilt or change antenna of interferer.
LOGICAL CHANNELS
Logical channels were created to transmit a specific content. There are, for
instance, logical channels to transmit the cell system information paging
information or user data
 Control Channels (CCH)
 Broadcast Control Channel (BCCH)
 Paging Control Channel (PCCH)
 Common Control Channel (CCCH)
 Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH)
 TRAFFIC CHANNELS (TCH)
 Dedicated Traffic Channel (DTCH)
 Common Traffic Channel (CTCH).
 Common Packet Channel (CPCH)
 Transport Channels (TrCH)
The transport channels determine how the content is organised to be transmitted.
 User Dedicated Channel (DCH)
 Common (FACH/RACH)
 DEDICATED TRANSPORT CHANNELS
 Dedicated Channel (DCH)
Physical Channels (PhyCH)

20. KAPIL BHUTANI
The physical layer offers the transport of data to the higher layer. The
characteristics of the physical transport need to be described. When information is
transmitted between the RNC and the UE, the physical medium changes. Between
the RNC and Node B, where the interface Iub is discussed, the transport of
information is physically organised in so-called frames. Between Node B and the
UE, where the WCDMA radio interface Uu is found, the physical transmission is
described by physical channels. A physical channel is defined by the carrier
frequency number (UARFCN) and the spreading code (SC) in the FDD mode.
Primary Synchronisation Channel (P-SCH)
The P-SCH uses the first 256 chips of every timeslot. In a P-SCH a primary
synchronisation code is transmitted. This is done in every UMTS cell in every
timeslot. If the UE detects the P-SCH it has performed chip synchronisation.
Secondary Synchronisation Channel (S-SCH)
The S-SCH also uses only the first 256 chips of a timeslot. In an S-SCH the
secondary synchronization code is transmitted. There are 16 different secondary
synchronisation codes that are organised into 64 different combinations. The 64
combinations are grouped with 64 scrambling code groups, each consisting of 8
scrambling codes.
Common Pilot Indication Channel (CPICH)
CPICH carries a predefined bit/symbol sequence at a fixed rate (15 kbps, SF=256).
It is used for channel estimation and for measurement of the neighbour cells.
Primary Common Control Physical Channel (PCCPCH)
PCCPCH is the physical channel that carries broadcast channel (BCH) information

21. KAPIL BHUTANI
Secondary Common Control Physical Channel (SCCPCH)
SCCPCH carries two different common transport channels, the FACH (Forward
Access Channel) and the PCH (Paging Channel). It is on air only when it has
something to transmit. There can be up to three secondary CCPCHs configured.
FACH and PCH can be mapped in two different physical channels. In addition, if
the Service Area Broadcast (SAB) service is implemented it requires an additional
SCCPCH.
Paging Indicator Channel (PICH)
The Paging Indicator Channel (PICH) operates together with the Paging Channel
(the transport channel is sent on the physical channel: SCCPCH). The paging
indicator is sent on PICH, and the corresponding paging message is sent on the
associated SCCPCH. Having one channel for indicators and one for messages
provides terminals for an efficient sleep mode operation..
Acquisition Indication Channel (AICH)
The AICH is a downlink physical channel with SF 256 in which an echo of the
preamble RACH is sent from the WBTS (WCDMA BTS). The WBTS knows that
there will be a message part coming and starts to listen to the channellisation code
indicated by the signature
Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH)
The DPCCH has a constant bit rate and carries all information needed to keep a
physical connection running.
3G Drive Test Parameters
1.CPICHEc/No – Common Pilot channel Ec/No is the ratio of energy of the
chip and the combined power of all the signals including the pilot itself
received by the UE at that particular point. It is a very important factor for
call quality.
2.CPICH RSCP – Received Signal Code Power is the level of the signal
received by the U.E from a particular pilot

22. KAPIL BHUTANI
3.Tx Power – As the name suggests it is the transmitting power of a Mobile
Station. Its value can vary from
-50 to 50. The minimum the Tx power of the Mobile station the better it is
for call quality.
4.UTRA Carrier RSSI - It is the Received Signal Strength Indicator of the
Mobile Station or the U.E. It tells us the total Power Received by the Mobile
Station from all the Pilots including itself at that particular location
5.SIR– It is the signal to interference Ratio is the ratio of Energy in the
DPCC(Dedicated Physical Control Channel) to that of the interference and
noise received by the U.E.
6.Target SIR – It is the target Signal to Interference ratio that Mobile
Equipment is supposed to achieve by increasing or decreasing its power. It is
set by the use of Power Control procedure
7.SQI - It is the speech Quality Index which is a parameter to rate the voice
Quality on that particular call. It ranges from 0 – 30 with 30 being the best
quality.
8.RRC State – It tells the current state and channel as in Idle or dedicated.
9.Mode – It is the mode that we are using GSM or WCDMA.
3G Parameters and Their Value
1.UE Tx power Max <15 dBm Assuming 21 dBm max.
2.Pilot pollution . Max % < 10 % pilotpolluter% of
time a cell is seen as aThreshold 8 dB

23. KAPIL BHUTANI
Relative to best server when cell
is not in Active Set
3..Active Set size Target ≤ 3 Based on scanner data
4.CPICH Ec/Io ≥ -8 dB to - 14 dB
5.CPICH RSCP ≥ 0 dBm – 110 dBm
6.SHO Success rate > 95%
3G Kpi’s
The RAN KPI can be classified into the following categories :
• Accessibility
Cell availability,Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR),RRC Setup & Access Rate
• Retain ability Call Drop rate
• Usage Packet Session setup/success rate (NRT, HSDPA, HSUPA)
• Mobility SHO/ISHO/HSPA SCC success rate
Gategory Name of the tests Target
1. Performance tests Value
Call setup success rate for Voice > 94.0 %
Call setup success rate for CS 64 kbits/s Data > 92.0 %
Session setup success rate for PS 64 kbits/s Data > 92.0 %
Call drop rate for Voice < 4.0 %
Call drop rate for CS 64 kbits/s Data < 4.0 %
Session drop date for PS 64 kbits/s data < 4.0 %
2. Coverage tests
Depends on the planning criteria, suggestions below
CPICH RSCP >-95 dBm

24. KAPIL BHUTANI
CPICH EcNo >-12 dB
High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) Features
Node B decisions ,Multi-code operation,FastLink Adaptation, Adaptive
Modulation & Coding AMC
FastPacket Scheduling, Fast H-ARQ, FastTTI = 2 ms, Downwards Compatibility
with R99
Network Modifications for HSDPA
New Node B and Fast H-ARQ (Acknowledged transmission)
Faster retransmission / reduced delays, less Iub retransmission traffic, higher
spectrum efficiency
Fast Packet Scheduling - fast & efficient resource allocation and Fast Link
Adaptation - Adaptive Modulation & Coding
Compensation of fast fading (without fast PC)- higher peak rates & spectrum
efficiency
Fast Packet Scheduling. Node B decides allocation of HSDPA resources to UE
every TTI = 2 ms,supported Packet Scheduler algorithm
1) Round Robin RR (2) Proportional Fair PF
Round Robin RR
• assigns sub-frames in rotation: User at cell edge served as frequently as user
at cell centre
• doesn’t account for UE’s channel conditions
• Low total throughput in cell
Proportional Fair PF

25. KAPIL BHUTANI
• Takes into account multipath fading conditions experienced by UE
• Improved total throughput in cell compared to RR
• Ratio instantaneous data rate / average data rate experienced in the past
• User at cell edge served less frequently as user at cell centre
HSUPA problems / differences to HSDPA:
Power Control PC: Fast Power Control (on DL centralizedPC,on UL individual PC
• Higher order modulation difficult for UE
• Soft Handover required due to coverage reasons
• 3G Kpi’s
• The RAN KPI can be classified into the following categories :
• Accessibility Cell availability,Call Setup Success Rate (CSSR),RRC Setup
& Access Rate
• Retain ability Call Drop rate
• Usage Packet Session setup/success rate (NRT, HSDPA, HSUPA)
• Mobility SHO/ISHO/HSPA SCC success rate
• Gategory Name of the tests Target
• 1. Performance tests Value
• Call setup success rate for Voice > 94.0 %
• Call setup success rate for CS 64 kbits/s Data > 92.0 %
• Session setup success rate for PS 64 kbits/s Data > 92.0 %
• Call drop rate for Voice < 4.0 %
• Call drop rate for CS 64 kbits/s Data < 4.0 %
• Session drop date for PS 64 kbits/s data < 4.0 %

26. KAPIL BHUTANI
2. Coverage tests
• Depends on the planning criteria, suggestions below
• CPICH RSCP >-95 dBm
• CPICH EcNo >-12 dB