Few blood tests ppt

1. DIAGNOSTIC TESTS
Prepared By:
Ms. Simranpal Kaur
Nursing Tutor
M.Sc. Nsg (OBG)
DMCH, CON, Malakpur

2. CONTENT
Complete Blood Count
Serum electrolytes
Liver Function Test
Lipid Profile
Serum glucose (AC, PC, HbA1c)
Monitoring capillary blood glucose (GRBS)
Stool routine examination
Urine testing (albumin, acetone, pH, specific gravity)
Urine culture, routine, timed urine specimen
Sputum culture
Overview of radiologic procedures

3. COMPLETE BLOOD COUNT

4. Complete Blood Count
An important and readily available investigation
that focuses on red blood cells, white blood
cells and platelets and their various parameters.
It can help to serve as a screening test for many
disorders and follow up tool.

5. Components
WBC RBC Hemoglobin Hematocrit MCV
MCH MCHC RDW Platelets Neutrophils
Lymphocytes Monocytes Basophils
Immature
granulocytes
Reticulocyte
count
Mean
corpuscular
volume
Mean
corpuscular
hemoglobin
Mean corpuscular
hemoglobin
concentration
Red cell
distribution
width
4,500 to 11,000
WBCs per
microliter (4.5 to
11.0 × 109/L)
150,000 to
450,000 platelets
per microliter of
blood

6. RBC
Males: 4.7 to 6.1 million cells per microliter
Females: 4.2 to 5.4 million cells per microliter
Low RBC is known as anemia
High RBC is known as polycythemia

7. Hemoglobin
Protein molecule that carries oxygen in the Red Blood
Cells.
Males: 13.0 - 1816.6 grams per deciliter
Females: 11.6 to 15 grams per deciliter

8. SERUM ELECTROLYTES

9. SERUM ELECTROLYTES
•Sodium
•Potassium
•Chloride
Serum
electrolyte
test is a group
of tests that
commonly
measures the
levels of:

10. Low levels of serum electrolytes can be seen in
Conditions that can cause excessive fluid loss like vomiting,
diarrhea.
Kidney diseases
Heart diseases
Diabetes

11. Normal Values
Sodium 136-146 mEq/L (136-146 mmol/L)
Chloride 96-106 mmol/L
Potassium 3.5-4.5 mEq/L (3.5-4.5 mmol/L)
Bicarbonate 22-29 mEq/L (23-29 mmol/L)

12. LIVER FUNCTION TEST

13. LFT
Serum Bilirubin: both conjugated and unconjugated.
Total serum proteins and albumin globulin ratio.
Liver enzymes : Transaminases :AST (SGOT), ALT (SGPT). Others: ALP, GGT,
LDH.
Prothrombin time
Total Bilirubin: 0.2 to 1 mg/dl Unconjugated
Bilirubin: 0.1 to 0.6 mg/dl
Conjugated bilirubin: 0.1 to 0.4 mg/dl
normal total protein level is 5 to 8.5 gm/dl
total serum albumin level is 3.5 to 5 gm/dl
normal range for albumin : globulin ratio is
1.2 to 1.5
commonly measured enzymes
Normal level of ALT in serum is 7 to 40 IU/L.
Normal level of AST in serum is 8 to 40 IU/L
measures the time it takes for the liquid
portion (plasma) of your blood to clot.
Normal: 11 to 13.5 seconds.

14. LIPID PROFILE

15. Lipid Profile
• A lipid panel is a common blood test that healthcare providers use
to monitor and screen for the risk of cardiovascular disease.
• The panel includes three measurements of cholesterol levels and a
measurement of triglycerides.

16. What are the five tests in a lipid panel?
Total cholesterol: This is your overall cholesterol level — the combination of LDL, VLDL and HDL.
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol: This is the type of cholesterol that’s known as “bad cholesterol.” It
can collect in your blood vessels and increase your risk of cardiovascular disease.
Very low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) cholesterol: This is a type of cholesterol that’s usually present in very low
amounts when the blood sample is a fasting samples since it’s mostly comes from food you’ve recently eaten. An
increase in this type of cholesterol in a fasting sample may be a sign of abnormal lipid metabolism.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol: This is the type of cholesterol that’s known as “good cholesterol.” It
helps decrease the buildup of LDL in your blood vessels.
Triglycerides: This is a type of fat from the food we eat. Excess amounts of triglycerides in your blood are
associated with cardiovascular disease and pancreatic inflammation.

17. Normal Values
Total cholesterol: Below 200 mg/dL.
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol: Above 60 mg/dL.
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol: Below 100 mg/dL (For people
who have diabetes: Below 70 mg/dL).
Triglycerides: Below 150 mg/dL.