3. Table of contents
Industries in Pakistanand
their role
01
Intioduction
Introduction to Pakistan’s
Economy.
05
04
02
How Allah has bless this
country with its natural
resources
06
03
Agiicultuie
How Agriculturehelps
Pakistan’s economy
Industiies Impoit and
Expoits
How import and export
affects the economy
Dependence And
Factois
Factors on which the
economy depends
Natuial
Resouices
07
Challenges
08
5. Intioduction
State Of Economy in 2023
Pakistan is a low income developing country. Its economy is
the 23rd-largest worldwide in terms of GDP based
on purchasing power parity (PPP). According to a 2021
estimate, the Country has a population of 227 million people (5th-
largest worldwide).
Gioss Domestic Pioduct
As of FY22, the nominal GDP of Pakistan stands at US$376
billion with a nominal GDP per capita of US$1,658 (177th
worldwide); its GDP based on PPP stands at US$1.512 trillion
with a GDP (PPP) per capita of US$6,662 (168th worldwide).
Karachi the financial hub of Pakistan
6. “If You Will Work In Co-
Operation, Forgetting
the Past, Burying the
Hatchet, You are
Bound to Succeed.”
—Mohammad Ali Jinnah
8. Conceins Of the People
● The rising level of security concerns has furthered the economy near
to a collapse. Pakistan is considered to be in a state of war and is a
victim of terrorism for the past few years.
● This has caused economic and political instability in the country
resulting in a fall in foreign investments. Many of the people do not feel
safe in the country due to which skilled labor from Pakistan is migrating
to other developed nations.
● They do not want to risk their time and resources in an uncertain
economy where they feel they would not be paid a price according to
their skills. Foreign investors do not feel comfortable in investing in
Pakistan’s economy because the returns are not enough to match the
risk in investing in a weakened economy like Pakistan.
● Other than this they do feel that their lives are not safe as they could
also become victims of terrorist groups operating in the country.
10. Factois
Industiy
Pakistan'sindustrial sector accounts
for 28.11% of the GDP. Of this,
manufacturing makes up 12.52%,
mining constitutes 2.18%, construction
makes up 2.05%, and electricityand
gas 1.36%. The majority of industry is
made up of textile units, with textiles
contributing $15.4bto exports, making
up 56% of total exports.Other units
include surgical instruments,
chemicals, and a budding automotive
industry.
Agiicultuie
Agriculture is considered the
backbone of Pakistan's economy,
which relies heavily on its major
crops.[1] Pakistan's principal natural
resources are arable land and water.
Agricultureaccounts for about
18.9% [2] of Pakistan's GDP and
employs about 42.3% of the labour
force. The most agricultural province is
Punjab where wheat & cotton are the
most grown. Mango orchards are
mostly found in Sindh and Punjab
provinces,making it the world's fourth
largest producer of mangoes
11. Factois
Foieign tiade
Pakistan witnessed the highest export
of US$25.4 billion in the FY 2010– 11.
However, in subsequent years exports
have declined considerably. This
declined started from financial year
2014–15 when an international
commodity slump set in. This was
compounded by structuralsupply side
constraints including energy shortages,
high input costs and an overvalued
exchange rate.. But still Pakistan's
merchandise trade exports grew by 0.1
percent during the fiscal year 2016– 17.
The imports continued to grow at a
much fasterrate and grew by a large
percentageof 18.0 during the FY 2017
as compared to the previous year
Seivices
Pakistan's service
sector accounts for about 61.7% of
GDP.[81] Transport,storage,communi
cations, finance, and insurance
account for 24% of this sector,and
wholesale and retail trade about 30%.
Some Important ServiceSectors are
• Telecommunication
• Transportation
• Air Linkage
• Railway Linkage
• Finance
• Housing
• Tourism
12. Economic Issues
As per the CIA World Factbook, in
2017, Pakistan ranked 57th in the
world, with respect to the public
external debt to various international
monetary authorities (owing ~$107.527
billion in 2019), with a total of 67.1%
of GDP (in 2017).
As of January 2023, Public Debt of
Pakistan is around PKR 62.46 trillion
(USD 274 billion) which is nearly79
percent of gross domestic
product (GDP) of Pakistan. Currently
Pakistan has $5.82 billion in its foreign
exchange amid debt repayment
obligations of more than $8 billion in the
first quarter of 2023
The corruption is on-going issue in the
government, claiming to take initiatives
against it, particularly in the
government and lower levels of police
forces.In 2011, the countryhas had a
consistently poor ranking at
the Transparency
International's Corruption Perceptions
Index with scores of 2.5,2.3 in
2010, and 2.5 in 2009 out of 10. In
2011, Pakistan ranked 134 on the index
with 42 countries ranking worse.In
2012, Pakistan's ranking dropped even
furtherfrom 134 to 139, making
Pakistan the 34th most corrupt country
in the world, tied
with Azerbaijan, Kenya, Nepal,
and Nigeria.
Debt
Coiiuption
14. Agiicultuie
● “ The science of farming ,including
the cultivation of soil for growing of
crops and rearing of animals to
provide food , wool and other
products ”.
Meaning Of Agiicultuie
● The word agriculture came from two
latin words:
● “agri” means field.
● “cultura” means growing
,cultivation.
● So the literal meaning is the
cultivation of different crops is
Agriculture.
Definition Of Agiicultuie
01 02
15. Agiicultuie
Role Of Agiicultuie
Pakistan is one of the world’s largest
producer and supplier of foods & Crops.
Approximately 60 % of population of
Pakistan directly or in directly linked with
Agriculture sector.
• GDP ( Gross Domestic Product) :
Measure the value of final goods and
services that is, those that are bought
by final user , produced in a given
period of time.
• 24% GDP of Pakistan depend upon
the this sector
Impoitance
Agriculture sector plays an
important role in the
economy of a country that
has fertile soil.
• Increase in per capita
income.
• Major source of
employment.
• Reduction in Poverty.
• Supply of Food and
Raw material.
• Development of
Industrial Sector
03 04
16. Impoitant Ciops And Theii Role
Ciops
Wheat
The Second Major
Crop is Wheat
Cotton
Cotton is main cash
crop of pakistan
Rice
3rd Major Crop is Rice.
Sugaicane
wheat, sugarcane, cotton,and rice,
which togetheraccount for more than
75% of the value of total crop output.
Giains And Pulses
Grains and pulses play an important
role in the agriculturesector
Fiuits And Vegetables
Pakistan is the 6th largest exporter of
fruits such as oranges.
05
17. Steps The Goveinment has To Take
The government needs
to import modern
beans and seeds
The level of biotech
needs to be improved
The government needs
to focus on modern
technology and
equipment
The Government
needs to properly plan
the agriculture areas
and how to increase
output.
Impoit
Beans
Modein
Biotechnology Technology
Piopei
Planning
01 02 03 04
19. Impoitance Of Industiies
Industiies
hold vaiious
advantages
foi the
countiy.
Industiial
development
plays an
impoitant iole
in impioving
economy.
Helps
iemoves
poveity
fiom the
countiy
20. Advantages Of Industiies
Living Standaid
It boosts the standard
of living for the
industrial worker.
Employement
Improved industrial
economy increases
the employment
opportunities.
GDP
It increases national
income of the
country.
Specialization
It promotes the
specialization of various
product.
Defence
It also plays an important
role in the defence
sector.
It also plays an important
role in the defence
sector.
Agiicultuie
Development
01 02 03
04 05 06
21. Industiy
Suggestions
• Flow of power:
• Government should
make sure steady flow of
power to the industries
• Trade deficit:
• Meaningfulsteps should
be taken to overcome
trade deficit such as
exports.
• Technical capability:
• It can be improved by
collaboration with
develop country’s
industries.
.
Challenges Of Industiial Sectoi
Powei
Shoitfall
•Power is like blood
for the industrial
sector
•But unfortunately,
Pakistan faces
energy crisis which
adversly affects the
industrial sector
Industiial
laboi
•Industrial labor
faces many
problems in
Pakistan
•It barely holds any
basic rights
•Major reasons for
downfall of
industrial world
Coiiuption
Corruption is
anotherhuge
issues faced by this
industry
01 02 03
22. Impoits
And
Expoits
05
In 2021, the country’s import’s totaled
around $56 billion. A large chunk of this
number went towards plastic and iron
imports, while the rest was divided between
electronics, machinery, and other finished
goods
23. Impoits Of Pakistan
Plastic
Despite being a major contributor to
pollution and climate change,
countries still tend to rely on plastics.
In 2021, plastics made up almost 4.1
percent of the country’s total imports,
valued at approximately$3.01B.
Phaimaceutical
Pioducts
The pharmaceuticalmarket in
Pakistan is one of the largest in the
world, mostly owing to the country’s
massive population . Currently,
pharmaceuticalsmake up almost
5.2 percent of total imports, valued
at around $3.78 billion in the year
2021.
Animal and
Vegetable Oils
Animal and vegetable oils are essential elements
in food consumption, making them one of the
major imports of Pakistan. In the previous fiscal
year, animal and vegetableoil imports made up
4.9 percent of the country’s overall imports, with
an approximate valuation of $3.60 billion.
Iion and Steel
Iron and steel are other major import of
Pakistan that are linked to the construction
industry. Being the backbone of all
infrastructure, these imports are essential
for the development of the country.
Therefore,almost 6.3 percent of the
country’s total imports comprise iron and
steel.
24. Impoits Of Pakistan
Machineiy
With more industries cropping up all over
Pakistan, there has been a steep
increase in machinery imports.
Machinery imports have an
approximatevalue of $5.88 billion, a
considerable amount out of the total
imports. Pakistan’s major import
partners for these goods are two
machineryhubs in Asia – Japan and
China.
25. Expoits Of Pakistan
Rice
Pakistan is regarded among the best
producers of high-quality basmati
rice, which is then exported to
several countries,including Oman,
the UAE, Kenya, Thailand, and
Jordan, to name a few.
Mangoes
Cotton
Among the top cash-crop exports of Pakistan,
33,683 metric tons of cotton fiber, spun, and raw
cotton was exported, worth an estimated
$55.551 million. Pakistan globally exports cotton
to China, Germany,the US, the UK.
Leathei Goods
While Pakistanis renowned as the fifth-
the fruit is the country’s second-
largest export. Pakistan annually
grows 110 diverse kinds of mangoes,
among which the most notable are
Chaunsa, Sindhri, Langra, Dasehri,
Anwar Ratool, Saroli, Toota Pari,
Fajri, Neelum, Almas, Sanwal, and
Desi.
largest mango producer in the world, Bags, jackets, pants, shoes, and
other daily wear products
manufactured from Leather are
also among the highest
revenue-generatingexport
products of Pakistan.During
2018, Pakistan shipped close
to $478.85 million worth of
leather goods.
26. Natuial
Resouices
06
Natural resources of a country are the
backbone for it's industrial and economical
development which play a very dominant in
accelerating the pace of progress and
prosperity of a country.
27. Pakistan has a long history of exporting small
amounts of uranium to the west.Pakistan
has recently used some in its own nuclear
power and weapons programs. Pakistan
produced about 45 tonnes of
Uranium in 2006.
Uianium Pioduction
Coal
Coal which is also named as black gold is
found into huge quantities in Thar,
Quettaand other sites. Thar reserves
are estimated 850 Trillion Cubic
Feet. About 80% of coal is produced
by government and 20% is produced
by private sector.
Natuial Gas
Natural gas production is at a high
level in Pakistan. Estimated
reserves are 885.3 billion
cubic meters . The Sui gas
field is the largest, accounting
for 26% of Pakistan’s gas
production.
Natuial Resouices Of Pakistan
Mineials
28. Powei Resouices Of Pakistan
Hydio Electiicity
Nature has provided suitable
environmentin Pakistan. To
produce hydroelectricity
environment is better for it. The
northern and north westernarea of
Pakistan is suitable for building of
dams. Pakistan's total
hydroelectricity production is 4963
Megawatt. Pakistan has the
capacity of production of 30000 MW
from its river Indus, Jehlum and
Chenab
Theimal Electiicity
The Thermal power stations are
generatingelectricity by gas, oil
and coal in Pakistan.The 49.8%
of the total electricity is produced
by the thermalpower. The
thermal power production is 4921
MW in Pakistan.There are 13
thermal power stations working in
Pakistan. The biggest station is
working in Karachi this station
generates 1756 MW. The second
biggest station is working in
Multan. It generates 260 MW.
29. Natuial Resouices Of Pakistan
Foiest iesouices
Forests are limited to 4% of
Pakistan’s land. The forests are
a main source of food, lumber,
paper, fuel wood and medicine.
The forests are also used for
wildlife conversation. During
the year 2010-11 forests have
contributed 91 thousand cubic
meters of timber and 261
thousand cubic meters of
firewood as compared to 93
thousand cubic meters timber
and 263 thousand cubic meters
firewood in 2009-10.
Watei Resouices
Water is the basic human need and as we
know a human can live up to 80 days
without food, but only a few days without
water. Water is the basic need of every
living thing on earth as we know no living
thing can live without water. However, its
use in unbalanced and unmanaged way
has made it reduced its quantity to a great
extent.Pakistanis now facing a big
challengeto meet the requirements for its
population and water is becoming scarce
in Pakistan. In Pakistan, about 96% of its
available water is being utilized for
agricultureand the remaining 4% for
domestic, industrial and other purposes.
Per capita water availability has decreased
from 5300 m3 in 1951 to 850 m3 by the
year 2013.
30. Influence Of Resouices On
Economic Development
Moie
Pioduction
Agiicultuie
Development
Industiial
Development
Inciease in
Foiex
01 02 03 04
05
Infiastiuctuie Development
32. Challenges Faced By Economy
Coiiuption
Corruption is a major issue in
Pakistan. It affects many aspects
of life in the country, including
energy crisis for several
years, with a significant
shortfall in electricity and gas
supply. This crisis has been
caused by a combination of
factors, including a lack of
in new power
investment
generation,
maintenance
inadequate
of existing
infrastructure, and a growing
population and economy that
are putting increased strain
on the energy system.
Eneigy Ciisis
Pakistan has been facing an
major problem in
Pakistan for several
decades, with various
militant groups and
terrorist organizations
operating in
country.
the
These
groups have carried
out a wide range of
attacks, including
bombings,
kidnappings, and
assassinations.
Teiioiism
Terrorism has been a
government, business, and
society as a whole. Some of the
most common forms of corruption
in Pakistan include bribery,
embezzlement, and nepotism. The
government has taken steps to
address corruption, such as
enacting anti-corruption laws and
establishing institutions to
investigate and prosecute corrupt
officials.
01 02 03
33. Challenges Faced By Economy
Tax Evasion
Unemployment is
significant problem
a
in
Pakistan. The unemployment
rate in the country has been
consistently high in recent
years, and it varies depending
on the
demographic.
contribute
region and
Factors that
to high
include a rapidly
unemployment in Pakistan
growing
population, lack of job
opportunities, and a lack of
education and skills among
the workforce.
Literacy
Pakistan
increasing
rate in
has been
over the
years, but it remains
low
to other
relatively
compared
countries. In 2021,
the literacy rate in
Pakistan is around
60%, which is
low
to other
in the
considered
compared
countries
region.
Tax evasion is a significant
problem in Pakistan. The country
has a relatively low tax-to-GDP
ratio, which means that a large
portion of the population is not
paying taxes. This is partly due to
the fact that a large segment of the
economy is informal and not
subject to taxation, and also due to
widespread corruption among tax
officials.
Pakistan
address tax evasion, such
The government of
has taken steps to
as
increasing enforcement efforts and
implementing new technology to
improve tax collection
Yout
h
Unemployment illiteiacy
04 05 06
34. 08
Conclusion
The economy of Pakistan has faced many
challenges in recent years, such as high inflation, a
large trade deficit, and a shortage of foreign
currency. The government of Pakistan has
implemented a number of economic reforms in an
effort to address these issues and improve the
economy. For example, it has sought financial
assistance from international organizations such
as the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and has
taken steps to increase exports and reduce
35. How To Impiove The Economy
Inciease Tax
Collection
Pakistan has a
relativelylow tax-to-
GDP ratio, which
means that a large
portion of the
population is not
paying taxes.
Improving
infrastructure, such as
roads, power plants,
and ports, would help
increase economic
growth by making it
easier for businesses
to operate and for
goods to be
transported.
Reduce
Coiiuption
Pakistan ranks poorly
in global corruption
indices, which hinders
foreigninvestment,
tourism and
development in
general.
Inciease
ieduce
impoit
Pakistan has a large
trade deficit, which
means that it imports
more goods than it
exports. Increasing
exports and reducing
imports would help.
Develop
expoits and infiastiuctuie
01 02 03 04
36. How To Impiove The Economy
Boosting human
capital
A well-educated and
skilled workforceis a
key ingredient for
economic growth.
Improving education,
healthcare,and training
programs would help
increase productivity
and competitiveness.
Impiove the
ease of doing
business
making it easier to start, run
and close a business, by
reducing red tape and
providing better access to
finance and technology
could also have a positive
impact on the economy.
Reduce eneigy
cost
Pakistan's economy is heavily
dependent on energy imports,
and the high cost of energy is
one of the factors holding back
economic growth. Investing in
renewableenergy and
increasing energy efficiency
would help reduce energy costs
and boost growth.
05 06 07
37. tion te
ons by
nd illust
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