Knee pathology , Genu Recurvatum or Knee Hyperextension

1. 6/2/2018 1

2. BANGLADESH HEALTH PROFESSIONS
INSTITUTE
School of Prosthetics and Orthotics
Genu Recurvatum
Presented by
Shishir Chandra Bin
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3. Genu Recurvatum
Content:
 Objectives
 Introduction
 Genu recurvatum
 Types of genu recurvatum
 Causes of genu recurvatum
 Sign & symptoms of genu recurvatum
 Orthotic treatment of genu recurvatum
 Conclusion
 Reference
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4. Genu Recurvatum
Objectives:
 To know about Genu recurvatum
 To identify the types of genu recurvatum
 To know the Sign & Symptoms of genu recurvatum
 To know the causes of genu recurvatum
 To learn the orthotic treatment of genu recurvatum
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5. Con….
Genu Recurvatum: is a deformity in the knee
joint, so that the knee bends backwards . Genu
recurvatum is also called knee hyperextension and
back knee.
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6. Con…
Types of Genu Recurvatum:
Genu recurvatum can vary from mild, moderate, to
severe and is divided into three types. These are:
 External rotary deformity (ERD)
 Internal rotary deformity (IRD)
 Non-rotary deformity (NRD)
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7. Causes :
• Bone growth disorder
• An inherited problem or birth defect
• Joints of the knee are not stable due to
ligaments
• Femur and tibia is not properly aligned
• Postural habits
• Some medical diseases like multiple sclerosis,
cerebral palsy, or muscular dystrophy
• Leg length discrepancy
• Unusual position of the ankle and foot when
walking
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8. Symptoms:
• Pain on the outer back part of the knee
referred to as the posterolateral
ligamentous
• An aching pain in the medial tibiofemoral
joint
• Knee moves into hyperextension in mid
stance phase
• A nipping feeling in the front part of the
knee
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9. Orthotic treatment of Genu
Recurvatum: For the treatment of Genu
Recurvatum we need to identify the causes.
After that we can provide some orthotic
device like -
Ankle Foot Orthosis (AFO)
Knee Orthosis (KO)
Knee Ankle Foot Orthosis (KAFO)
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10. Treatment con...
AFO: If genu recurvatum is caused by any
defecit at the lower leg we can provide AFO
for treatment . Some problems like lack of
stability due to lower leg muscle weakness ,
excessive planter flexion of the ankle causes
knee hyper extension. By providing AFO we
can accommodate these problems .
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12. Con....
KO: If there is any problem in the knee joint
that causes knee hyper extension ,we can
provide knee orthosis . Such as joint
instability due to ligament laxity,malaignment
of tibia and femur , Postural habit etc. A
knee orthosis will hold the knee in neutral or
slightly flexed position to allow smooth gait
pattern.
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14. Con....
KAFO: If there is any problem in the thigh
area such as knee extensor muscle
weakness, extensor muscle spasticity,
malalignment of the femur and tibia etc ,
these will cause genu recurvatum . For this
we can provide KAFO , that will hold the leg
in flexed position and will prevent leg form
further deformities.
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16. Conclusion: Genu recurvatum can be
caused by different reason . Before
providing any orthotic treatment we need to
find out the reason . That’s why we need to
do a proper patient assessment and our
assessment result will determine the type of
the orthotic treatment .
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17. Reference:
• http://healthsurgical.com/genu-
recurvatum.html
• https://www.mediuk.com
• Lectures on “Biomechanics of the knee”
• http://www.oandplibrary.org/op/1986_01_0
43.asp
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18. Rough slide
• External rotary deformity (ERD)
• This is when the person’s foot is positioned in an equinovarus or walking on
toe position which is how a horse also walks. The foot touches the ground
on the outer edge of the foot. This kind of knee hyperextension is mostly
common among stroke patients since the movements of their foot are not
normal due to an atypical pattern of the muscle tone.
• Internal rotary deformity (IRD)
• This is when the person’s pacing is abnormal wherein the forefoot is rotated
outward. In return, the person should overextend the knee for compensation
and this will then lead to deformity.
• Non-rotary deformity (NRD)
• The foot and ankle are normally situated with the knee as the primary
abnormality. This type of deformity is an injury that pushes the knee to bend
backwards.
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