Human error assessment techniques for driver error can be hardly ever found in the literature. We tried to apply one of these techniques, namely TRACEr in this field.

1. Predictive Analysis of Drivers’ Errors
TRACEr
Dr. Shirazeh Arghami
arghami@zums.ac.ir
Zahra Farmani Fard

2. • The main cause of road traffic accidents
• Taxonomy of human unsafe behavior
2

3. Taxonomy of Human Failure
Human Failure
Error
Violation
Mistake
Slips of
action
Lapses of
memory
Rule-based
M.
Knowledge-
based M.
Routine
Situational
Exceptional 3
Skill-based
E.

4. • Error Taxonomy
• Prevention through design interventions
• Human error prediction techniques:
• Technique for Retrospective & Predictive analysis of
Cognitive Errors
• TRACEr
4

5. Task Environment
Cognitive
Domain
TRACEr
5
Accident
TaskError
External
Error
Mode
(EEM)
Internal External
Internal Error
Mode
(IEM)
Correction
Internal
Error
Psychological
Error
Mechanism
(PEM)
Performance Shaping Factors (PSF)
Human Factor (HF)
Detection

6. Aim
Applicability of Predictive analysis of motor
vehicle driver cognitive errors using TRACEr
6

7. ScenarioTRACEr
Method
• EEM
• IEM
• PEM
• PSF
• Error Identification
• Error Recovery
7

8. Move to straight road
stopMove to on roadExiting Park
Overtakingspeed up Turn offStopReduce Sp
Seat Belts
Estimate distance
Checking rear
Turn signal
clutch pedal
shift gear
manualbrake
gas pedal
EEM
IEM
PEM
PSF
Error Identification
Error Recovery
Fire up

9. Exiting Park
9
Error recovery
Risk
identification
PSFPEMIEMEEMTask phase
--
Personal factors:
Alertness/fatigue
High workload
Distraction and
preoccupation
Memory:
Forgetting Action
execution:
Timing error
Selection and
quality:
Omission
Time
sequence:
Action too late
1) Fastening
seatbelt
--
Personal factors:
Alertness/fatigue
High workload
Risk recognition
failure
Memory:
prospective
memory failure
Selection and
quality:
Omission
2) Estimation
the distance of
front vehicle
--
Personal factors:
Alertness/fatigue
High workload
Distraction and
preoccupation,
Risk recognition
failure
Memory:
prospective
memory failure
execution:
Timing error
Selection and
quality:
Omission
Time
sequence:
Action too late
3) Checking
the rear of the
car through
mirror
Recoverability
by the driver
Looking at the
indicator
Personal factors:
Alertness/fatigue
High workload
Distraction and
preoccupation,
Risk recognition
failure
Memory:
prospective
memory failure
execution:
Timing error
Selection and
quality:
Omission
Time
sequence:
Action too late
4) Turning
signal lights on

10. Results
10
PSFPEMIEMEEM
36 personal invoices
28 errors due to
distraction and
preoccupation
28 memory errors
37 Selection and
quality errors
23 with high
workloads
20 errors in failure to
identify the risk
28 operating errors
22 time and
sequence errors
10 in education and
experience
5 inadequate
learning errors
1 Perceptual error
2 communication
errors
4 Equipment errors
2 errors of
perceptual
confusion
2 Errors of stimulus
overload
73575761

11. • Mental workload
• High standard equipment and warning systems
• Other factors such as traffic load
• Rules for age restrictions
• Warning infrastructure of roads
11

12. Conclusion
TRACEr is applicable for predictive analysis of
motor vehicle driver cognitive errors
12

13. 13
Thanks
for your attention