Instrument

1. Identify this instrument?
-Ring Forceps.

2. Mention uses of this instrument?
-Grasp the soft cervix of pregnant uterus
in abortion and cerclage.
-Removal of the content of abortion.
-Rig exploration in cases of traumatic
post-partum haemorrage.
-Removal of endometrial or cervical
polyp.
-Grasp apiece of sponge to remove
blood clots or discharge.

3. Identify this instrument?
-Ovum Forceps.
Mention uses of this instrument?
-Removal of the content of abortion.

4. Identify this instrument?
-Vacuum Extractor( Ventouse).

5. Mention the Indications of its
application?
Fetal:
-Fetal distress.
-Malposition of fetal head( persistent occipto-
posterior, persistent mento-posterior and deep
transverse arrest of the head).
-Pulsating cord prolapse with fully dilated
cervix.

6. Maternal:
-Maternal distress.
-Maternal diseases( PET, cardiac disease,
pneumonia).
Prolonged second stage of labour:
-Malposition of fetal head.
-Uterine inertia.

7. Mention the Contra-indications of its
application?
-Non vertex presentation( face, breech).
-High head.
-Intact fetal membranes.
-Incompletely dilated cervix.
-Fetal coagulopacy.
-Preterm delivery.
-Cephalo-pelvic disproportion.

8. Mention the Complications of its
application?
Fetal:
-Lacerations of fetal scalp.
-Fracture of skull bones.
-Intracranial haemorrage.
-Subconjunctival haemorrage.
-Neonatal jaundice.

9. Maternal:
-Lacerations of maternal pelvic tissues(
perineum, vagina, cervix).

10. Identify this instrument?
-Obestetric Forceps.

11. Mention the Indications of its
application?
Fetal:
-Fetal distress.
-Malposition of fetal head( persistent
occipto-posterior, persistent mento-
posterior and deep transverse arrest of the
head).
-Pulsating cord prolapse with fully dilated
cervix.

12. Maternal:
-Maternal distress.
-Maternal diseases( PET, cardiac disease
?????, pneumonia).
Prolonged second stage of labour:
-Malposition of fetal head.
-Week uterine contractions.

13. Mention the pre-requests before its
application?
-Anesthesia( General or Epidural).
-Absence of cephalo-pelvic disproportion.
-Bladder must be empty.
-Contractions, at least, should be weak.
-Dilatation of the cervix must be full
dilatation.
-Engagement of the head should be
assured.
-Fetal membranes must be ruptured.

14. Mention the Contra-indications of its
application?
-Non vertex presentation( face, breech).
-High head( unengaged head).
-Intact fetal membranes.
-Incompletely dilated cervix.
-Fetal coagulopacy.
-Non-anaesthetized patient.
-Septic condition.
-Full bladder.
-Cephalo-pelvic disproportion.

15. Mention the Complications of its
application?
Fetal:
-Lacerations of fetal scalp.
-Fracture of skull bones.
-Intracranial haemorrage.
-Subconjunctival haemorrage.
-Neonatal jaundice.

16. Maternal:
-Lacerations of maternal pelvic tissues(
perineum, vagina, cervix).

17. Identify this instrument?
-Episiotomy scissor.

18. Mention the indications of the
procedure done by this instrument?
-Fetal:
-Large head.
-Preterm delivery.
-Breech delivery.
-Shoulder distocia.

19. -Maternal:
-Rigid perineum.
-Repaired prolapse or recto-vaginal fistula.
-Primigravida( Relative indication).
-Before instrumental delivery( ventouse or
forceps).

20. Mention the complications of the
procedure done by this instrument?
-Primary haemorrage.
-Secondary( Reactionary) haemorrage.????
-Infection with maternal sepsis.
-Extention of
episiotomy>>>>>>>>>Rectal injury with
fecal incontinence or fistula.
-Tender scar with severe dispareunia.
-Reflex retention of urine due to severe
pain.

21. Mention the types of the procedure
done by this instrument?
-Midline incision.
-Medio-lateral incision.
-
J or L-shaped incision
-

22. Identify this instrument?
-Fetal stethoscope( Pinard).

23. Mention uses of this instrument?
-Auscultation of fetal heart sounds during
pregnancy( after 20 weeks gestation) or
labour.

24. Identify this instrument?
-Doppler stethoscope( Sonicaid).

25. Mention uses of this instrument?
-Auscultation of fetal heart sounds during
pregnancy( after 10 weeks gestation) or
labour.

26. Identify this instrument?
-Doyen Retractor.

27. Mention uses of this instrument?
-Retraction or to keep out the urinary
bladder away from the lower uterine
segment during cesaerean section(C.S.).