Indigenous Equipment such as hay box cooker, janatha refrigerator etc…

1. ASSIGNMENT
Submitted By,
Shefi Varghese
S4 home Science
Submitted To,
Dr. Bhagya D

2. • Introduction
• Indigeneous Equipments: Hay Box Cooker, Janatha
Refrigerator
• Renewable Energy Device: Solar Cooker
• Conservation Of Biomass: Biomass ,Smokeless Chulha
• References

4. • Do you know the meaning of word INDIGENOUS...?
The word indigenous means originating or occurring naturally in a
particular place; native.
• Then; What is INDIGENOUS EQUIPMENTS.....?
• examples for indigenous equipments are Hay Box Cooker and Janatha
Refrigerator.
– LET’S TAKE A LOOK

6. • The inventor of Hay Box Cooker was in 19th
centuary.
• Another names of this cooker:- Straw Box,Fireless
cooker,Insulation cooker,Wonder Oven,Self Cooking Apparatus
and Retained Heat Cooker.
• In this cooker,food items to be cooked are heated to boiling point
and then insulated.
• Over a period of time , the food items cook by the heat captured in
the insulated container.
• Generally,it takes three times the normal cooking time to cook food
in a hay box.

7. # Can cook food without electricity, gas ,fire....etc
# An easy hand tool when camping,
picnicking,and cooking for large groups.
# save vast amount of fuel.
# No risk of burning food.
# Tasty , nutritious food.

9. #2.JANATHA REFRIGERATOR

10. • Another names:- Pot-in-pot
refrigerator, clay pot cooler
or zeer(arabic).
• It’s an evaporative cooling
refrigeration device which
doesnot use electricity.

11. • It uses a porous outer clay pot (lined with wet sand)
• and an inner pot(which can be glazed to prevent penetration
by the liquid) within the food which is placed.
• The evaporation of outter liquid draws heat from the inner
part.

12. • The device can cool any substance, and requires only a flow
relatively dry air and a source of water.
• The effectiveness of evaporative cooling varies with the
temperature, humidity, and airflow.

13. A. A zeer is constructed by placing a clay pot within a
larger pot with wet sand in between the pots and a wet
cloth on top.
B. The device cools as the water evaporates, allowing
refrigeartion in hot, dry climate.
C. It must be placed in a dry, ventilated space for the
water to evaporate effectively towards the outside.
D. Evaporative coolers tend to perform poorly or not at all
in cimates with high ambient humidity, since the water
is not able to evaporate well under these conditions.

14. “speeding up the
transition to clean,
renewable energy is
one of the best ways to
curb the dangerous
carbon pollution that
cause climate change.”

15. • What is Renewable Energy...?
Renewable energy, often referred to as clean energy,comes from
sources or processes that are constantly replenished.
For example, sunlight or wind keep shining and blowing even if
their availability depends on time and weather.

16. :-

17. A solar cooker is a device which uses the energy of direct sunlight to
heat,cook,or pasturize drink and other food materials.
Many solar cookers currently in use are relatively inexpensive,low
technology devices .
They use no fuel and nothing to operate.
Many non-profit organizations are promoting this in order to help
reduce fuel costs and air pollution.

19.  High perfomance solar cookers can attain
temperatures above 290 degree celsius.
X They are less useful at night.
 They can be used to grill meats,stir-fry,bake bread
and boil water in minutes.
X Some solar cookers especially solar ovens take longer
time to cook food than a coventional stove or oven.
 NO FUEL.This saves cost as well as reducing
environment damage causecd by fuel use.
X May need to learn special cooking techniques to fry
common foods, such as fried eggs or flat breads like
chappatti, tortillas etc...
 Solar cookers could have large economic benefits b
reducing deforestation.
X Some solar cookers designs are affected by strong
winds, which can slow the cooking process.
 Reduces carbon by cooking without th use of carbon
based fuels .

21. Biomass is plant or animal material
used as fuel to produce electricity
or heat.
examples are wood, energy
crops,and waste from forests,
yards or farms.
Almost all industries including
agriculture,forestry,hotels,resorts
produce waste that can be
converted to heat and electricity.

22.  Reduce the over
reliance of fossil fuels .
X can lead to
deforestation.
 It is less expensive
than fossil fuels.
X Biomass plants requires
a lot of space.
 Less garbage in
landfills.
X it is not entirely clean.
 It is carbon neutral. X biomass energy is not
efficent as fossil fuels.
 Biomass is widely and
always avilable as a
renewable source of
energy.

24. V Jayaprakash,an innovator and
entrepreneur from kerala invented
smokeless chulha.
Smokeless chulha doesnot mean without
smoke.
It generate smoke but is vented out of the
room using a pipe.
The idea of smokeless chulha is not let all
of the smoke come out and get on your
face while cooking.

25. The smokeless chulha is a low-
tech solution to enable healthy
indoor cooking.
It is durable and will last upto 4
years with minimum
maintenance.
It uses only 50% less firewood
than traditional chulha.
Its design is such that adequate
oxygen is supplied in burning
area continously.

26.  The vent holes (chimney) at the top
of the stove cause a secondary
combustion.
 it allows preheated oxygen to fuel
the flame creating a more efficent
burn, while creating little smoke.
 The ring fire at the top acts as a
means to keep the fire
centered,creating an unique fire.

27. Cleaner burning of solid
biomass.
Contribution to global
warming
Available almost free of cost
to the poor families
time and effort on collection
of firewood
The ash can be used for pre-
sowing/planting seasons
firewood consumption

28. • "The clay pot cooler – an appropriate cooling technology" (PDF). Peter Rinker / Movement
website. Archived from the original (PDF) on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
• George F. Dales, Jonathan M. Kenoyer, Leslie Alcock. Excavations at Mohenjo Daro,
Pakistan: the pottery
• Ellabban, Omar; Abu-Rub, Haitham; Blaabjerg, Frede (2014). "Renewable energy resources:
Current status, future prospects and their enabling technology". Renewable and Sustainable
Energy Reviews. 39: 748–764 [749].
• "Biomass – Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding Energy". U.S. Energy
Information Administration. June 21, 2018
• The EIA states: "Biofuels are transportation fuels such as ethanol and biodiesel that are
made from biomass materials."
https://www.eia.gov/energyexplained/index.php?page=biofuel_home

29. THANK YOU....