Green Jobs and Policies in North Dakota

Green Policy for Green Jobs and Greenbacks
october 22, 2013
shawn hesse, RA, USGBC Faculty™ BD+C, O+M
architect | sustainability consultant
emersion DESIGN | architecture policy sustainability planning | cincinnati boston | www.emersiondesign.com

A Brief History of the Can Opener
october 22, 2013
architect | sustainability consultant

1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860

“Cut round the top near the outer edge with a chisel and hammer.”
1810 1820 1830 1840 1850 1860

are we making can openers, or just cans?

shawn hesse, RA, LEED Faculty BD+C, O+M
emersion DESIGN
>> architect and sustainability consultant
>> LEED Faculty BD+C, O+M, Living Building Challenge Ambassador
>> 26 person architecture and sustainability consulting firm
>> policy consultant for:
City of Cincinnati (pop. 296,550)
City of Dayton (pop. 141,359)
City of Wilmington (pop. 12,448)
State of Ohio (pop. 11.54 million)
City of Cambridge (pop. 106,471)
State of Massachusetts (pop. 6.47 million)
U. of Cincinnati (pop. 41,970)
Cinti State College (pop. 12,500)
Fortune 500 Company (pop. 30,000)

Key Lessons from Previous Work
presentation outline
>> policy frameworks
- internal policy, external policy
- policy matrix
>> key to success
- rooting in place
- building on existing strengths
>> three simple steps
(1) lead by example, create demand
(2) remove obstacles
(3) create incentives

Policy Frameworks
internal and external policy, policy matrix

policy framework
p o l i c y
a course of action adopted and pursued
by a government or organization
d i r e c t i v e
i n c e n t i v e
an authoritative instruction
or direction; a specific order
something that encourages action or
greater effort, as a reward offered

policy framework
p o l i c y
a course of action adopted and pursued
by a government or organization
d i r e c t i v e
i n c e n t i v e
an authoritative instruction
or direction; a specific order
i n t e r n a l
e x t e r n a l
something that encourages action or
greater effort, as a reward offered
i n t e r n a l
e x t e r n a l

Directive Incentive
Purchasing policy
stating that no
incandescent light
bulbs will be
purchased
The department
that reduces
energy use the
most receives
additional funding
the following
budget year
Law or code
banning the
production of
incandescent light
bulbs
Any property owner
that can
demonstrate energy
reductions beyond
code minimum
receives a tax
deduction
External Internal
policy framework
Copyright emersion DESIGN, 2012 – Community Building Institute Green Policy Summit

internal directive – federal construction
(i) beginning in 2020 and thereafter, ensuring that all new Federal
buildings that enter the planning process are designed to achieve
zero-net-energy by 2030;

internal directive – city climate action plan
>> Initiated in 2007 by Mayor Mallory
>> 150+ subject matter experts
>> 80+ recommendations
>> CO2 reduction of 2% annually
>> Approved by City Council in 2008
>> Revised in 2011
>> TOTAL CO2 reduction of 84% by 2050

internal incentive - recyclemania

external directive – codes and zoning
>> Normal, Illinois
>> Population: 52,497
>> Requires LEED Certification
for ANY project in the CBD
over 7,500 sf
>> In place since 2002
- 3 Silver, 2 Certified
- 3 Registered
>> Grand Rapids, Michigan
>> Form based codes adopted 2008
>> Eliminate barriers, and
create framework for
walkable, mixed use
neighborhoods

external incentives – financial and procedural
Cost Environmental Issues
Ongoing Cost
One Time Cost
Brownfields
Sprawl
CSO
Energy Use
Waste
Financial Incentives
Tax Credits / Abatement • • • •
Fee Reductions / Waivers • • • • •
Grants • • • • • •
Low Interest Loans • • • •
Feebates • • • • •
Special Improvement District • • • •
Procedural Incentives
Density Bonuses • •
Expedited Review / Permitting • • • • •
Technical Assistance • • • • •
Marketing Assistance • • • • • •
Public Outreach Program • • • •
Copyright emersion DESIGN, 2013

North Dakota Context
rooting in place, building on strengths

BLS, 2013
3%
7.3%
north dakota unemployment, 8/13

north dakota energy consumption

3rd least populous
4th most energy intensive
Rankings: Total Energy Consumed per Capita, 2011
(million Btu), Energy Information Administration

‘saudi arabia of wind’

installed wind energy capacity
American Wind Energy Association, “U.S. Wind Industry Second Quarter Market Report 2013”

“North Dakota… currently ranks #3 for percentage
of electricity provided by wind power.”
installed wind energy capacity

North Dakota (2012)
•Total direct and indirect jobs:
approx. 2,000
•Capital investment:
over $3.3 billion dollars
•Annual land lease payments:
nearly $5 million dollars
wind energy jobs

$18 million
840.5 jobs
USDA, LBNL, NREL, July 2012
“Ex post analysis of economic impacts from wind power development in U.S. counties”
Jason P. Brown, John Pender, Ryan Wiser, Eric Lantz, Ben Hoen
“increase in county-level
personal income and employment
of approximately $11,000 and
.5 jobs per megawatt…”

installed capacity

effective capacity
$5.02 billion
228,311 jobs
2009 Harvard study estimates
4,000 TWh potential in ND

Simple Steps to Success
(1) lead by example and create demand

cincinnati schools – LEED policy
Taft High School, VSWC
Dater Montessori, glaserworks Hughes High School - HGC

0
50
100
150
200
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350
Jan-06
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Jan-08
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Green Schools by State
(USGBC Registered Project Database)
Flordia
Hawaii
Illinois
New Jersey
Ohio
Pennsylvania
Washington
Washington DC
LEED schools policy
USGBC Registered Schools Database – study by emersion DESIGN, 2011

(44 respondents)
green jobs survey
Copyright emersion DESIGN, 2010 – Green Jobs Study, Dayton Ohio

green jobs survey

transportation permits

building department training
Codes LEED
Intent
Prevent
the
worst
Pursue
the
best
Language “Shall” “Could”
Energy Use
ASHRAE/
IECC
ASHRAE
Water Use IPC IPC
Ventilation ASHRAE ASHRAE
Thermal
Comfort
- ASHRAE
Land Use/
Location
Local
Zoning
Local
Zoning
Material
Selection
ASTM, UL ASTM

zoning/codes

government mechanisms for incentive
Financial Incentives
Tax Credits / Abatement • •
Fee Reductions / Waivers • •
Grants / Reimbursement • •
Low Interest Loans / Buy Down • •
Feebates • • •
Special Improvement District • • • •
Procedural Incentives
Density Bonuses • •
Expedited Review / Permitting • •
Technical Assistance • • •
Marketing Assistance • • •
Public Outreach Program • • •

NAIOP research, 2007
#1 Density Bonus
#2 Expedited Permitting
#3 Fee reduction
#4 Marketing/Publicity

green policy study
City Population Date Enacted Policy
Pittsburgh 325,337 11/26/2007 20% FAR + 20% Height - NON RES ONLY
Cincinnati 317,361 12/12/2007 10-15 Yr, 100% Prop Tax Exemption
Cleveland 461,324 1/1/2010 Partial Prop Tax Exemption
Columbus 728,432 10/1/2010 Cert. Fees Refund + up to 300%
Tampa Bay 317,647 6/1/2006 1.5 FAR Density Bonus
Oakland 398,844 4/1/2005 Tech. Asst., Guidelines, Promotion
Sarasota 366,256 3/18/2005 Exp. Permit, 50% Bldg Permit Fee
Honolulu 380,149 11/18/2004 1 Yr Prop Tax Exemption
Anaheim 332,361 8/8/2006 Financial Rebate
Babylon 211,792 11/29/2006 Req. Cert. > 4,000 sf, Cert. Fees Refunded
copyright emersion DESIGN, 2012 – Community Building Institute Green Policy Summit

tax abatement
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0
Number of CRA Tax Abatements
City of Cincinnati CRA/LEED Tax Abatement
LEED
Non-LEED
copyright emersion DESIGN, 2012 – Community Building Institute Green Policy Summit

low-interest/revolving loan

revolving loan fund

How to Invest $1 Million Dollars
$1,120,000
$1,299,000
$1,400,000
$1,200,000
$1,000,000
$800,000
$600,000
$400,000
$200,000
$-
Endowment - 12% Green Fund - 29.9%
Investment 20 Yr Return
revolving loan fund

support existing companies

“GREEN
STRINGS”
perfect the wheel

wilmington, ohio
population – 12,448

9,000 + jobs, $257m payroll

1831 map of ohio

1919 automobile blue book

2013 google map

obsolescence?

wilmington transformation park

green enterprise zone

marketing assistance

Conclusion
North Dakota Opportunities
>> drive energy efficiency
- statewide energy code
- incentives
>> capitalize on geography
- wind component transport permit
- tailor incentives for wind
>> invest in infrastructure and efficiency
- upgrade roads/rails for wind comp.
- upgrade transmission grid
- create revolving loan fund

state energy code
Overview of the currently adopted commercial energy code in each state
as of March 3, 2011

saudi arabia of saudi arabia 50% by 2020

states with state owned banks

transmission grid
richard box photography

Key Lessons
summary
>> policy frameworks
- internal policy, external policy
- policy matrix
>> key to success
- rooting in place
- capitalize on existing strengths
>> three simple steps
(1) lead by example, create demand
>> call to action
- drive energy efficiency
- more wind!

questions?
(let’s make can openers)
shawn.hesse @ emersiondesign.com
(p) 617-682-0262

external incentive: fee-bates

PROCEDURAL INCENTIVES:
TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE

BLS, 2013

$100 million/per month
Bakken Gas Flares
Bismarck
Fargo
Minneapolis
Chicago
Billings
Denver
Cincinnati
Salt Lake City
"Everyone's on the same page as far as getting the flaring reduced," said Justin Kringstad, head of
the North Dakota Pipeline Authority... "It's going to take time…”

Bakken
Bismarck
Fargo
Minneapolis
Chicago

$32,057
$17,930
$10,205
$20,501
Average Annual Energy Expenditure
by U.S. region
$23,593
$40,000
$35,000
$30,000
$25,000
$20,000
$15,000
$10,000
$5,000
$0
Energy Expenditures Per Year
Census Region and Division
source: CBECS data, December 2006

Green Jobs and Policies in North Dakota

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