1. 18
Arabic Grammar
APPENDIX B: A BRIEF JOURNEY
THROUGH ARABIC GRAMMAR
You will cover the basics of the following topics in this Part.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Subject and Predicate………………………… 19
Masculine and Feminine Genders…………… 20
Numbers: Singular, Dual, and Plural……… 22
Adjective and its Noun………………………… 23
The Possessive Case or Genitive………………24
Interrogatives ………………………… ……… 26
Pronouns………………………………………… 26
The Prepositions…………………………………29
Subject, Verb, and Object………………………30
The Tense…………………………………………31
10a. Past Tense ………………………………… 31
10b. Imperfect Tense ………………… ……… 34
10c. Imperative and Negative Imperative…… 37
10d. Derived Forms of the verb ……………… 42
18

2. 19
Arabic Grammar
¦»
¾ ÷
1. Subject and Predicate  ¦ ¬¦
Allah is creator.
Muhammad (peace be upon him, pbuh) is prophet.
Tariq is Mujahid (one who struggles)
The sentences like these are composed of a subject and a predicate which are called
in Arabic. To translate such sentences into Arabic, just put Tanveen (
words (in case they are singular masculine). Tanveen (
Æ
Æ
¦ ¬¦ and Â
¾ ÷
¦»
) on each of these
) is also known as double pesh or
double dhammah.
êó » ¦
¢ É …È
Allah is creator.
Ž
¦û ¾ø¸÷
Muhammad (pbuh) is Prophet.
¢´ Æ Ê ¢Š
¾ÿ ÷ ¼° ×
Tariq is a Mujahid.
************************ Vocabulary for Lesson No. 1 ************************
creator
êó »
¢
prophet
¦û
Ž
one who
¾ ¢
ÿ ´÷
struggles
house
ª ¥
big
mg. slave
Zï
Ž¦Š
¾ß
¦
pious
¶ó Ï
¢
truthful
religion
ú®
Ê
one
¾
·¦ÈÂ
scholar
öó ß
¢
¼® Ï
Æ Ê ¢
======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 1 =======================
Using the words and their meanings given above, translate the following sentences into English.
The translation is also provided to help you check your answers.
The house is big.
Z¦ï ª ¦ ¦
ŽŠ ’óÈ
Islam is a religion.
The slave is pious.
¶ó Ï ¾ à
¢ ¦ ’ó¦
Allah is one.
The Muslim is truthful.
¼® Ï ö ø ¦
Æ Ê ¢ ôÈ ’óÈ
Javeed is a scholar
ú® ¿ô ¢¦
Ê É ¢Š Ç ’óÈ
¦È É È
¾· Â …¦
öó ß ¾ Â ³
¢ Ê ¢
19

3. 20
2. Masculine and Feminine Genders
Arabic Grammar
® È ÂM À
ûš÷ Â ïŠ ÷
You must have heard the Arabic names, for e.g.,
lies the rule. Just put
¨
ò ø³
ˆ for a boy and ˆ¨Š for a girl.
ô ø³
There
at the end of a masculine (singular) word to make it feminine (singular).
For example,
ˆ È È
¨ï¯ ï¯
ˆ ü÷š
¨ ÷
¨¸ó Ï ¶ó Ï ¨¾Ë ° ¾Ë °
ˆ ¢ ¢ Æ ¦È ¦È
š Æ Ž¢
ú÷ ÷ ¨¾¥ ß
Ž¢
¾¥ ß
¨ ¢
¾ó »
¢
¾ó »
Notes:
1. Arabic has two genders, i.e., masculine gender and feminine gender. There is no common
gender in Arabic.
2. A common sign of a feminine word is
¨
3. To make a specific reference, we put
Ì¾È in front of a common noun in Arabic just as we put
¦
(in general) as the last letter of the word.
the in front of a common noun in English. When Ì È is attached to an Arabic word, we
¾¦
remove one of
É
(dhamma or pesh) from the two
Æ
(Tanveen or double pesh). For
example,
É óÈ Æ È É ŠÈû ’óÈ Æ ¢ ûÊ
¾ Ç ¦ ¾ Ç° À¢ ¢ ¦ À È ¦
4. Occasionally, the prefix
̾È
¦
 ø ’óÈ
¾ ¸¦
ø
¾·
is used to imply generality also. For e.g., À¢ ’ È (the human
Èû¢ó¦
being).
5. If the
¦ º¦
¾ ¬÷
For example,
(subject) is feminine, then its
¢ É Š’óÈ
¶ó Ï §¢ ¦
º
¦ »
(predicate) will also be feminine.
ˆ ¢ N Œ’óÈ
¨¸ó Ï ¿¢ ¦
Additional rules for making feminine gender of dual and plural nouns are given in the following
lesson.
20

4. 21
Arabic Grammar
************************ Vocabulary for Lesson No. 2 ************************
mg. small
ZäÏ
fg. small
¨ZäÏ
Æ
uncle (mother's brother)
¾»
Æ ¢
mg. beautiful
ò ø³
ˆ
aunt (mother's sister)
¨ó »
ˆ Š¢
fg. beautiful
¨ô ø³
ˆ Š
mg. big
Z¦ï
ŽŠ
fg. big
¨Z¦ï
Æ ŽŠ
brother
mg. intelligent
ï¯
È
mg. worshipper
¾¥ ß
Ž¢
father
§¦
Æ È
uncle (father's brother)
ö
ß
fg. worshipper
¨¾¥ ß
Æ Ž¢
mother
¿¦
KÉ
aunt (father's sister)
¨øß
ˆ
mg. truthful
¼® Ï
Æ Ê ¢
­¦
ÆÈ
ú¦
¥Ê
son
ª¥
üŽ
daughter
sister
ª ¦
ȃ
======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 2 =======================
Find out the masculine and feminine words in the following sentences and translate them into
English. The translation is also provided to help you check your answers.
The son is beautiful.
ò ø³ ú ¢ ¦
ˆ ¥ ’óÈ
The daughter is beautiful.ˆ Š Ž’ È
¨ô ø³ ªü¦ó¦
The brother is intelligent.
The sister is intelligent.
ï ­¢ ¦
¯É Š’óÈ
¨ï¯ ª ¢ ¦
ˆ È »Œ’óÈ
The father is pious.
¶ó Ï §¢ ¦
¢ É Š’óÈ
The uncle is truthful.
¼® Ï ¾ ¼ ¦
Æ Ê ¢ É ¢ ’óÈ
The mother is pious.
¨¸ó Ï ¿¢ ¦
ˆ ¢ N Œ’óÈ
The aunt is truthful.
¨ë® Ï ¨ ¼ ¦
ˆ Š Ê ¢ Œ óŠ¢ ’óÈ
The uncle is big.
The aunt is big.
Z¦ï öà ¦
ŽŠ

5. ’óÈ
¨Z¦ï ¨ø ¦
Æ ŽŠ Œ à’óÈ
The son is small.
The daughter is small.
ZäÏ ú œ ¦
¥Ž’óÈ
¨ZäÏ ª ¦ ¦
Æ üŽ’óÈ
21

6. 22
Arabic Grammar
³ Ž « · Â
3. Numbers: Singular, Dual and Plural Þø ¨ü’°¾ ¦È
There are specific rules in Arabic for making singular, dual, and plural forms of a word. (Yes,
dual is a separate and distinct Number in Arabic). There are two types of plurals in Arabic.
Solid Plural (ö ¢ Þf ) and Broken Plural ( ZÊ ’ Þf ). The plural form depends upon the
óºÇ
Èð«
context in which it is used, as shown below (for the Solid Plural case only):
'Aaraab forms ↓
¸Œ Â÷
ç
Plural
with Dhamma ( É- );
when used as subject
§ ü÷
Ð
with Fatha
(È- );
when used as object
°ÌÂ ´÷
Â
with Kasra
( Ê- );
when the noun is
used with preposition
Dual
Singular
Gender
mg.
È ôÈ
À ø ÷
Ç©¢øôÈ÷
Ê ¢ È
À øô ÷
À¢¬øôÈ÷
Ê
öô ÷
È
¨øôÈ÷
ˆ
[øôÈ
Ž ÷
Ç©¢øôÈ÷
úøôÈ
Ž ÷
ú¬øôÈ÷
Ž
öôÈ
÷
¨øôÈ÷
†
mg.
[øôÈ
Ž ÷
©¢øôÈ÷
Ç
úøôÈ
Ž ÷
ú¬øôÈ÷
Ž
öôÈ
‰ ÷
¨øôÈ÷
mg.
fg.
fg.
fg.
******************* Vocabulary Exercises for Lesson No. 3 *******************
Try to practice the rules of making dual and plural by reproducing the above table for the
following words (both for masculine and feminine case):
hypocrite
êç ü÷
¢
believer
ú÷ ÷
š
disbeliever
Âç ï
¢Š
patient
Â¥ Ï
Ž¢
helper
ÂÏ û
¢
worshipper
¾¥ ß
Ž¢
scholar
öó ß
¢
one who struggles
pious
¶ó Ï
¢
killer
protector
Úç ·
ˆ ¢
one who prostrates
¾ÿ ´÷
¢
one
remembers
who
Âï ¯
¦È
ò« ë
ˆ ¢Š
truthful
¼® Ï
Æ Ê ¢
¾³ Ç
Ž ¢
prophet
¦û
Ž
22

7. 23
Arabic Grammar
Ï ÷
è
4. Adjective and its Noun» ¨Š Ï
Look at the following phrases and their translations:
a true Muslim
¼® Ï öô ÷
Æ Ê ¢ È
a pious person
a small book
ZäÏ § ¬ï
Æ ¢
a trustworthy uncle
a big mosque
Z¦ï ¾´ ÷
ŽŠ Ž È
a beautiful house
These phrases are said to be composed of
¶ó Ï ò³°
¢ ˆ È
[÷¦ ¾ »
ÈÆ ¢
ò ø³ ª ¥
ˆ
¨º è (adjective) and » (the noun of the
ºŠ Ï
Ï ÷
adjective). To translate these into Arabic, just reverse the order of the words (Muslim
then true
¼Ê ¢º ) and put tanveen ( Æ ) on each of them.
® ºÏ
ö È
ô ÷
The tanveen could be Å or
Ç
and
Æ
or
depending upon the context in which this phrase is used.
The rules are similar to those of
 ¦ ¬¦
¦» ¾ ÷
(subject and predicate) except that in case of
¨Š
èÏ
» Â :
Ï÷
1: The order of the words is reversed; and
2: If the first word is attached with
¾¦È , then the second will also have ¾¦È
Ì
Ì
attached to it.
For e.g., using the same phrases given above, we will have:
the true Muslim
É ®¢ ’ó¦ ôÈ ’óÈ
¼Ê Ð ö ø ¦
the pious person
the small book
ä ’ó¦É ¢ ’óÈ
Z Ð § ¬ð ¦
the trustworthy uncle
÷¢’ó¦É ¢ ’óÈ
[ Š ¾ ¼ ¦
the big mosque
¦ð’ó¦ ´Èø’óÈ
ZŽŠ ¾Ž ¦
the beautiful house
Œ ’ó¦ ’óÈ
ò ø´ ª ¦ ¦
And remember, as in case of
 ¦ ¬¦
¦» ¾ ÷
ó ¢ ’ó¦Œ ’óÈ
¶ Ð ò³Â ¦
(subject and predicate), if the first word is feminine,
the second should also be feminine. Further, if the first word is dual or plural, the second should
also be dual or plural in number, i.e, the two words should agree in gender and number with
respect to each other. For example:
the true Muslim
man
the true
Muslim men
É ®¢ ’ó¦ ôÈ ’óÈ
¼Ê Ð ö ø ¦
È Œ Ê ¢ ’ó¦È ôÈ ’óÈ
À ë® Ð À ø ø ¦
the true Muslim
woman
the true
Muslim
women
Œ ëÊ ¢ ’ó¦Œ øôÈ ’óÈ
¨Š ® Ð ¨ ø ¦
É ¢Š Ê ¢ ’ó¦É ¢ È ’óÈ
© ë® Ð © øô ø ¦
23

8. 24
Arabic Grammar
==================== Exercises for Lesson No. 4 ====================
Try to translate the following sentences and phrases. Notice the difference in Arabic construction
for a simple sentence (
noun (
»Ï÷ȨŠèÏ
¦»È¦¾¬¦÷
) and for adjective and its
).
The house is big.
ZŽ Š ª
¦ï ¦’ó¦È
the big house
Z¦ð’ó¦ ¦’ó¦È
ŽŠ ª
The slave is
pious.
The Muslim is
truthful.
The path is
straight.
The uncle is
pious.
The aunt is pious.
¶ ¾
ó ¢Ï ¦à’ó¦È
the pious slave
¶ó ¢ ó¦ ¦à’ó¦È
Ð ¾
¼Ê ö ø
Æ ®¢Ï ôÈ ’ó¦È
the truthful
Muslim
the straight path
ɼ®¢ ó¦ ôÈ ’ó¦È
Ê Ð ö ø
ö ¶ Ð
ì¬È÷É ¦Â óȦ
ö ì¬Èø’ó¦É ¦Â óȦ
¶ Ð
¶ ö
ó ¢Ï

9. à’ó¦È
the pious uncle
¶ó ¢ ó¦

10. àóȦ
Ð ö
¨
ˆ ¸ó ¢ÏŒ¨óŠ¢¼’ó¦È
the pious aunt
Œ¨¸ó ¢ 󦌨󊢼’ó¦È
Ð
ó Ô÷
Ô÷
5. The Possessive Case or Genitive þŠ¤»¢ »¢
Look at the following phrases and their translations:
the creation of Allah
… ê
Ê ¦ ’ô»
the house of Allah
the nation of Hud
Ç É Š
® ÿ¿ ë
the call of the prophet
Ê ó¦É ßÈ
¾ ÇÂ ¨ ®
Ê ¡ÂŒ ’ó¦ ’ð
À ì ö ·
the creation of Allah
… ê
Ê ¦ ’ô»
the command of the
Qur'an
… ª ¥
Ê ¦
Notes:
1. To convey the meanings of of, we place Dhammah or pesh ( É- ) on the first word and
double kasra ( Ç- ) on the second word.
2. As usual, if the second word has
¾È¢
attached with it, then instead of double kasra
( Ç- ), we will have single kasra ( Ê- ) on the second word.
º’ô in the sentence Ê ¦ ’ô» is called »¢Ô÷.
ê »
… ê
called þ󤻢Ô÷ , which should always be a proper noun.
3. The first noun
The second noun Ê ¦ is
…
24

11. 25
4. In Arabic the construction of »¢Ô÷ and
Arabic Grammar
þ󤻢Ô÷
automatically takes care of the 's
or of (Allah's creation OR the creation of Allah) as shown in the above examples.
5. The construction of
»¢ººÔ÷
and
þ󤻢Ô÷
automatically implies specific person or
thing. Therefore, 'the' is always added in English translation of this phrase.
*********************** Vocabulary for Lesson No. 5 ***********************
grance
ò Š
ˆ Ôç
day
¿
Æ
words
way, system
rebellion
À ×
Æ ¢äŒ
judgement
ú®
Ê
the people
É ¢óÈ
²ü¦
to establish
¨÷ ë¤
ˆ ¢Š Ê
house
°®
Æ ¦È
the prayer
É ¢Š óÈ
¨ ôÐ ¦
messenger
¿ ôï
Æ ¢Š Š
¨üÇ
ˆ
¾ Ç°
Æ È
¤°
È
doubt
hereafter
¨Â»
Æ ¡
to obey
¨ß פ
ˆ ¢Š Ê
human being Æ ¢ Ê
À Èû¦
food
¿ à×
Æ ¢ Š
parents
Ž ¦Ê
ú ¾ó Â
remembrance
sinner
ö ¯¦
È
earth
µ¦
Æ Ì°È
the most
 ¯
’ïÊ
úø·È
°
beneficent
======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 5 =======================
Translate the following into English. The translation is also provided to help you check your
answers.
the establishment of
Ê ¢Š ó¦Œ ÷¢Š Ê the words of Allah
¨ ôÐ ¨ ë¤
… ¿ ôï
Ê ¦É ¢Š Š
prayer
the obedience to
Ž ¦ ’ó¦Œ ß¢Š Ê the book of Allah
ú ¾ó ¨ פ
… §¢ ï
Ê ¦É Š¬
parents
the earth of Allah
the way of the
… µ¢
Ê ¦É Ì°È
Ê ó¦Œ
¾ Ç ¨üÇ
messenger
the rebellion of the
Ê ¢ó¦É ¢äŒ the doubt of the
² ü À × human being
Ê ¢ ûŽ’ó¦ È
ÀÈœ ¤°
people
the house of the
Ê –’ó¦É ¦È the remembrance of úø· ó¦ ’ïÊ
¨Â» ° ® the most Beneficent.
  ¯
hereafter
the food of the
Ž Š’ó¦É ¢ Š
ö ¯˜ ¿ à× the grace of Allah
… ò Š
Ê ¦Œ Ôç
sinner
the house of Hamid
the day of judgement
¢
¾÷ · ª ¥
Ž ó¦É
ú¾ ¿
25

12. 26
6. Interrogatives
Arabic Grammar
¿¢ è¬Ç¦©¦Â®¢
When
U
÷
Who
ú
÷
Where
È
ú¦
What
¢ ¦È ¢
÷ ¯÷
Why
¦È ¢
¯ øó
Which (masculine)
Ħ
N È
How much, How many
öŠ
ï
Which (feminine)
¨¦
ˆ È
Is?
ȝò
¢ ÿ
How
Š
æ ï
¦
Am?
Are?
Do?
Have?
7. Pronouns
Ÿ ¢øÓ
7a. Relative Pronouns
Relative Pronoun
Demonstrative Pronoun
¾ øó’¦ Ç¦Ê
Ï ö
¨È°¢Ë¢ó’¦ ǦÊ
ö
(The one)
who
(The two)
who
(Those)
who
(The one)
who
(The two)
who
(Those)
who
Ä óM¦È
À
That
îó ¯
This
À¦Š óM¦È
Ê À
Those
(two)
îûŽ ¯
¦Àÿ
These
(two)
À¦Š ÿ
Ê À
dl.
ú óM¦È
À
Those
(more
than two)
î óÂÉ
¦
These
(more
than two)
šÿ
pl.
ÁÀÿ
Ê
Gender
sr.
sr.
¦
¦
Number
óM¦È
¬
That
îô«
’
This
À¢óM¦È
Ê ¬
Those
(two)
îûŽ¢
«
These
(two)
À¢¢
Ê «ÿ
dl.
¢M¦È
«ó
Those
(more
than two)
These
(more
than two)
šÿ
mg.
pl.
î óÂÉ
¦
fg.
26

13. 27
Arabic Grammar
7b. Personal and Possessive Pronouns
Examples
on pronouns
his
book

their
house
¢ ¬¥
ø
their
belief
ö û¢ ¦Ê
{
her
mother
their
house
¢ ÷¦É

14. ¢ ¬¥
ø
their
house
ú ¬¥
your
book
your
house
î¢ï
¥ ¬
your
messenger
your
house
your
book
þ¢ï
¥ ¬Š
¢ ð¬¥
øŒ
Possessive
Pronouns
ÿ
¢ ÿ
ø
they
two
¢ ÿ
ø
dl.
their
öÿ
they
öÿ
pl.
her
¢
ÿ
she
ÿ
sr.
¢ ÿ
ø
they
two
¢ ÿ
ø
dl.
their
úÿ
they
úÿ
½
È
you
ªû¦È
sr.
¢ ¬û¦È
ø
dl.
their
(of
two)
their
(of
two)
your
(of
two)
¢ ï
øŒ
you
öï
Œ
î¥
¬
your
½
Ê
your
house
úð¬¥
Œ
my
book
gave me
rizq
our
book
Ž¢ï
¥ ¬
Žë±È
üŠ °
¢¥¢ï
ü ¬
Person
pl.
your
Gender
sr.
öðóŒÇ°
Œ È
¢ ð¥¢ï
øŒ ¬
No.
he
his
Á
Personal
Pronouns
your
(of
two)
your
my
me
our
¢ ï
øŒ
úï
Œ
Ä
Ž
û
¢
û
you
two
you all
ö¬û¦È
you
ªû¦È
dl.
ú¬û¦È
sr.
fg.
mg.
pl.
¢¦È
û
3rd
person
sr.
¢ ¬û¦È
ø
mg.
you
two
you all
I
pl
2nd
person
fg.
mg.
fg.
1st
we
¸û
ú
dl.,
pl.
mg.,
fg.
person
NOTE: Memorize these pronouns thoroughly because they occur quite often in the Qur'an.
27

15. 28
Arabic Grammar
************************ Vocabulary for Lesson No. 7 ************************
Companions
§¸ ¦
Æ ¢ ÏÈ
hearing
ÞÇ
ø
and
È
Â
for
¾Ê¾
È
Shop
À ï®
Æ ¢M É
relatives
ò¦
ˆ ÿÈ
from
ú
÷
I helped
É Â
© Ðû
Verily
À¦
MÊ
son
ú
¥¦
Sustainer, Lord
§°
K È
tongue
À¢
Èó
======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 7 =======================
He is a Muslim.
öô ÷ ÿ
È
You are a scholar.
I am a believer.
ú÷ ÷ û¦
š ¢È
She is righteous.
your tongue
öŒ ¢
ðû Èó
for him

towards me
ó¦
ŠÊ
Ž¥Ê
ü¦
my son
I helped him

þÂ
« Ðû
öó ß ª ¦
¢ ûÈ
¨¸ó Ï ÿ
ˆ ¢
þŠ
ó
towards them
(females)
for us
ú ó¦
Ž ŠÊ
öŒ Ê
ðû¦
from you
ü
î÷
towards us
¢óÊ
ü ¦
verily you (males)
towards them
(males)
from you
öŽ ŠÊ
ó¦
your hearing
ü
î÷
verily we
¢Ê
üû¦
our Lord
¢

16. È
ü¥°
my house
¬ ¥
your Lord
öŒ

17. È
𥠰
for them
¢ Š
øó
my relatives
ÿÈ
ô ¦
our messenger
¢Œ È
üó Ç°
¢Š
üó
öŒ øÇ
ðà
28

18. 29
Arabic Grammar
³
8. The Preposition »Â·
Prepositions
ç
in
ª
¥ ç
in a house
ú
÷
We read from the Qur'an.
Š
ôß
on a mountain
from
on
Examples of Prepositions / usage
¦
È
½
like
ú
ß
about
Ê ¡ÂŒ ’ó¦ ¢Ì¢ Š
À ì ú÷ û Âë
‰ Š
ò¦³ ôß
ò Âï
‰ ³ Š
like a man
I heard
Ž È ’ó¦ Ê Š ó¦Ž àøÇ
¾´ ø ç ¨ ôÐ úß ª
about Prayer in the Masjid
Ê
§
with
Ê
¾
for
ŠÊ
ó¦
¦
towards
until
¬·
¦
by (of oath)
È
Â
I enetered with security
¿ ôÈ¥ ª ®
Ç ¢Š Ž ’ô»È
for people
Ê ¢ô
²üó
towards a city
Š ŠÊ
¾ô¥ ó¦
until the day-break
Ž ´Š ’ó¦Ž Š ’Ø
 è Þô ÷ ¬·
By Allah
…Â
Ê ¦È
Rules of using Prepositions:
1. These words are used as connectors.
2. When these words are used with a proper noun, then a double kasrah ( -Ç ), is placed on the
¦
last letter of word (or a single kasra, -Ê in case ¾È is attached with it).
29

19. 30
Arabic Grammar
9. Subject ’òߢŠ , Verb òàç , and Object ¾ ’è÷
ç
Š
à
In general, in an Arabic sentence, the verb comes first, followed by the subject and the object. A
Double Dhammah or tanveen ( -Æ ) is placed on the subject and double fathah ( -Å ) is placed on
the object. Look at the following examples:
Hameed read the Qur'an.
¢ ¢ÂŒ È Š
û ë ¾ ø· ¢Âë
Iqbal wrote a book.
¢¢ Æ ¢’ëÊ Š
¥ ¬ï ¾ ¦ ¦ ¤¬ï
¦
In the first sentence, read is the verb, Hameed is the subject, and the Qur'an is the object. In the
second one, wrote is the verb, Iqbal is the subject, and a book is the object.
************************* Vocabulary for Lesson No. 9 *************************
È Š
¢ Âë
read
made
Š
òà³
created
È Š
¼Âç
collected
wrote
Š
¤¬ï
separated
cheated
È
¸¾»
water
÷
Æ ¢
wealth, means
Š
êô»
Þ
ø³
¾÷
Æ ¢
======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 9 =======================
Translate the following into English. The translation is also provided to help you check your
answers.
Allah made Muhammad
¢† M ¦ ¸ É ¦Š
ó Ç° ¾ø ÷ … òà³
(pbuh) a messenger.
Allah created the people.
È ¢ó¦É ¦ Š
² ü … êô»
Allah revealed the book.
The Satan cheacter the
man.
We parted the sea.
Note: When a word is attached with
-É
¢¢ É ¦È ûÈ
¥ ¬ï … ¾Ä ¦
È ¢ û ’ó¦É ¢Š ó¦È
À È ¢ À Ø Ì ¸¾»
¸’ó¦¢’ë Š
 ¦ ü Âç
¾¢È then one of two fathah ( -È ) , kasrah ( -Ê ) or dhammah (
Ì
) in a tanveen ( -Å -Ç or -Æ ) are dropped. For example, as shown in the above sentences,
¼°ºŠ×
Æ Ê¢
É Ø ¦
ÌÈ
Æ Ø
has double dhammah, whereas À¢Š ÌóÈ has one dhammah since ¾¦ is attached with À¢Š Ë
. Similarly,
¢†ó °
ÇÈ
’È
has double fathah, whereas ¸¦ó¦ has only one fathah.
30

20. 31
10.
Arabic Grammar
Tense
10a. The Past Tense
¢ òàç
Ó÷
Ó¢÷
Possessive
Pronouns
Personal
Pronouns
Š Š
òàç

Á
ÿ
sr.
àç
Š Š
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. mg.
¦Œ àç
ô Š
ö
ÿ
ö
ÿ
pl.
ªŠ Š
ôàç
¢
ÿ
ÿ
sr.
¢Š Š
¬ôàç
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. fg.
’ô Š
ú àç
úÿ
úÿ
pl.
you did
ª’ôàŠç
Ƚ
ªûȦ
sr.
you two
did
¢ø’ôàŠç
¬
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. mg.
you all
did
ö’ôàŠç
¬
öŒ
ï
öûȦ
¬
pl
you did
ª’ôàŠç
ʽ
ªûȦ
sr.
you two
did
¢ø’ôàŠç
¬
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. fg.
you all
did
¬’ôàŠç
ú
ï
úŒ
¬ûȦ
ú
pl.
I did
’ô Š
ª àç
Ä
¢È
û¦
We did
¢’ô Š
ü àç
¢
û
¸
ú û
Past Tense
he did
they two
did
they all
did
she did
they two
did
they all
did
Gender: mg.: Masculine gender;
Number: sr.: Singular; dl..: Dual;
No. Gender
Person
3rd
person
2nd
person
sr. mg. 1st
fg.
dl., mg., person
pl. fg.
fg.: Feminine gender
pl.: Plural (n)
31

21. 32
Arabic Grammar
Try to practice the pronouns and past tense by repeating the conjugation table using the following
words. This will greatly help you in getting yourself familiarized with the verb forms. Is it not
worth repeating it 10 to 15 times so that you can remember it for the rest of your life? It certainly
is! Learning and practicing them for the sake of understanding Qur'an is one of the best worship
for which you will be abundantly rewarded by Allah, inshaAllah.
************************* Vocabulary for Lesson No. 10a *************************
Š Š
òàç
he went
Š
¤¬ï
he killed
È Š
¢ Âë
he made
he did
he wrote
he read
he found
È
¾³Â
Š Š
ò¬ë
he refused
ŠŠ
Âèï
Š
òà³
he joined
Š È
òÏÂ
he created
Š
êô»
he sent
Š
®à¥
he provided rizq
È ÈÈ
¼±°
ÂÐû
he opened
Š
¶¬ç
È
§ÂÓ
he entered
ŠÈ
ò»®
he helped
he hit,
È
¤ÿ¯
gave example
he demanded
ŠŠ
¤ô×
he drank
È Ž
§ÂË
====================== Exercises for Lesson No. 10a =======================
Try to translate the Arabic words given below. The English translation is provided for you to check your
answers.
mg. dl. they opened
¢ Š
¸¬ç
¦Š
¦¬ï
mg. pl. they wrote
mg. pl. you did
ö’ô Š
¬ àç
mg. you helped
mg. pl. they did
¦Œ àç
ô Š
mg./fg. dl. you two opened
mg./fg. dl. you two did
mg. dl. they two did
¢ ’ô Š
ø¬ àç
¢Š Š
ôàç
mg. you did
’ô Š
ª àç
fg. she did
ªŠ Š
ôàç
fg. pl. they did
mg. pl. you went
’ô Š
ú àç
ö¦ È
¬ ÿ¯
mg./fg. dl. you two helped ¢
ø«ÂÐû
È Â
© Ðû
¢ ¸Š
ø¬ ¬ç
mg. pl. you demanded
ö¦Š Š
¬ ô×
mg. dl. they two wrote
¢Š
¦¬ï
mg. pl. they demanded
¦Š Š
¦ô×
mg. you went
¦ È
ª ÿ¯
mg./fg. dl. they two
¢ ¦Š Š
ø¬ ô×
demanded
mg. pl. you wrote
ö¦Š
 •
32

22. 33
Arabic Grammar
mg. you demanded
¦Š Š
ª ô×
fg. dl. they two hit
¢
¬¥ÂÓ
fg. dl. they two helped
¢
«ÂÐû
mg. pl. they went
¦ È
¦ÿ¯
mg./fg. dl. you two went
¢ ¦ È
ø¬ ÿ¯
mg. you opened
¸Š
ª ¬ç
mg. pl. you helped
öÂ
« Ðû
mg./fg. dl. you two wrote
fg. you wrote
¦Š
ª ¬ï
mg. he wrote
Š
¤¬ï
mg. pl. you opened
ö¸Š
 
¢ ¦Š
ø¬ ¬ï
mg. pl. they opened
¦ Š
¸¬ç
mg. you demanded
¦Š Š
ª ô×
mg. dl. they two went
mg. pl. they hit
¢ È
¦ÿ¯
¦
¥ÂÓ
Â
Active and Passive Voices ¾ ´÷» à÷
You already know that
as
òàŒ
Š ç
Š Š
òàç
means (he) did. To make passive voice of this, you have to write it
which means (it) is done. Further examples are given below.
mg. pl. you created
mg. he killed
Mg. pl. they demanded
mg. he sent
ö’ìŠ
¬ ô»
Š Š
ò¬ë
¦Š Š
¦ô×
Š
®à¥
mg. pl. you were created
mg. he was killed
ö’ì
¬ ô»
ò¬Œ
Š ë
mg. pl. they were demanded ¦ Œ
¦ô×
mg. he was sent
®à
Š ¥
I sent
’°
ª à¥
I was sent
’°
ª à¥
we provided
¢’ëÈ È
ü ±°
we were provided
¢’ë±É
ü Ê°
mg. pl. they provided
¦Œ È È
ë±°
mg. pl. they were provided
¦Œ ±É
ëÊ °
Important Note: Always be careful in placing A'araab (fathah, kasrah, or dhammah) on different
parts of a sentence. A little change in these A'araab may lead to a completely different message.
The tense may change from active to passive or the object may be changed to subject. In some
cases, the sentence may not make any sense at all.
33

23. 34
̸°¢ ÷òàç
Ê Ô
10b. The Present (and Future) Tense
Present Tense
¸°¢Ô
÷
Arabic Grammar
Possessive
Pronouns
Personal
Pronouns
No. Gender
he does

Á
ÿ
sr.
they do.
Ê Š ’è
Àà
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. mg.
they do
È Œ à’è
À ô
ö
ÿ
ö
ÿ
pl.
she does.
Œ à’è«
ò
¢
ÿ
ÿ
sr.
they do.
Ê Š ’è
Àà «
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. fg.
they do.
’ô ’è
úà
úÿ
úÿ
pl.
you do
òàè«
Œ ’
Ƚ
ªûȦ
sr.
you do
ÀŠàè«
Ê ’
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. mg.
you do
ÀŒàè«
È ô ’
öŒ
ï
öûȦ
¬
pl
you do
[ô àè«
’
ʽ
ªûȦ
sr.
you do
ÀŠàè«
Ê ’
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. fg.
you do
úôàè«
’ ’
ï
úŒ
¬ûȦ
ú
pl.
I do
Œ à’çÈ
ò ¦
Ä
¢È
û¦
We do
Gender:
Number:
Œ à’è
ò
Œ à’èû
ò
¢
û
¸
ú û
Person
mg: Masculine gender;
sr.: Singular; dl.: Dual;
3rd
person
2nd
person
sr. mg. 1st
fg.
dl., mg., person
pl. fg.
fg: Feminine gender
pl: Plural (n)
34

24. 35
Arabic Grammar
IMPORTANT NOTE: ¸°¢Ô÷ actually is the Imperfect Tense and refers to an action which
is incomplete at the time to which reference is being made. It refers to the present tense in
²
Ȃ
general. It becomes Future tense by addition of the prefix È or the particle È before the
¸°¢Ô÷
forms.
****************** Vocabulary Exercises for Lesson No. 10b ******************
Try to translate the Arabic words given below. The translation is provided for you to check yourself.
mg. dl. they two drink
Ê ¢ Ì
À ¥Â
’ô ´
úà «
fg. pl. you make
mg. he collects
´
Þø
mg. dl. you two drink
Ê ¢ Ì
À ¥Â «
I know
Š ßÈ
öô ¦
fg. dl. they two drink
Ê ¢ Ì
À ¥Â «
I open
’çÈ
¶¬ ¦
mg. dl. you two make
Ê ¢Š ´
À ôà «
fg. sr. you collect
´
Þø «
fg. dl. they two make
Ê ¢Š à´
Àô «
mg. pl. they thank
È Â Œ Ì
À Âð
à
¾¦ û
pl. we worship
È Â Œ ’ð
À Âè
mg. pl. they recite
È Œ ¬
À ô
I worship
ßÈ
¾¦ ¦
mg. pl. you recite
È Œ ¬«
À ô
mg. you know
Š à
öô «
mg. they don't know
we don't hear
È¢Š
Þø û ó
mg. pl. they disbelieve
I don't disbelieve
È Š ࢊ
À øô ó
ÂŒ ’ïÈ¢Š
è ¦ ó
È ¸ö ¢ŠÈ
À ûÄ
ÿ óÂ
And they will not grieve.
They hear the words of Allah.
… ¿ ôï À àø
Ê ¦È ¢Š Š È È
I do not worhsip what you worship.
È Â à¢ ßÈ¢Š
À ¾¦ « ÷ ¾¦ ¦ ó
… ó¦ ¾¦ û ó
È ¦¢MÊ à¢Š
We do not worship except Allah.
They believe in Allah and His
messenger.
ó Ç° Â … ¥ À ü÷
þ È È Ê ¢È š
¦
35

25. 36
Arabic Grammar
Active and Passive Voice:
As you have seen earlier,
in case of present tense,
Š Š
òàç
is made passive by writing
Œ à’è
ò
òàŒ
Š ç
for verbs in past tense. However,
is made passive by writing it as
Œ à’è
ò
, i.e., first letter will have
dhammah / pesh ( É- ) and the third letter will have fathah ( È- ). The remaining letters will have
the same A'araab as in the case of active voice.
Concentrate on the following examples:
he drinks
they (all, mg) help
you (mg) ask
É Ì
§Â
he is made / given to drinkÉ
§ÂÌ
È Â ü
À ÂÐ
they (all, mg) are helped È Â
À ÂÐü
É ŠÈ
¾˜ «
you (mg) are asked
É ˜È
¾Š «
************************* Vocabulary Exercises ****************************
Try to translate the Arabic words given below. The translation is provided for you to check yourself.
they understand
they (women) are
asked
they do not fear
(it) is opened.
È Š ’è
À ì
’ôŠÈ
ú
È Œ¢ ¢Š
À ç¼ ó
’è
¶¬
they cut
they will not
asked
they
they are killed
È Š ’ì
À àØ
È Œ˜ È¢Š
À óŠ « ó
È Œ ´
À ô
È Œ ¬’ì
À ô
È Š ’좊
À àØ ó
you understand
’è
ö «
you are provided.
È Œ È Â
À ë± «
you are helped
È Â ü
À ÂÐ «
you are provided.
È Œ È Â
À ë± «
you are helped
È Â ü
À ÂÐ «
they do not cut
36

26. 37
Arabic Grammar
È
10c. Imperative and Negative Imperative ûÂÂ÷¢
You can order only to the person in front of you (2nd person). Therefore, the imperative and
negative forms for only the 2nd person are provided below.
û
Negative
Imperative
Imperative
Â÷È
¦
Poss.
Prns.
Pers.
Prns.
No. Gen- Perder son
Don't
do (it).
òàè«¢Š
’ ’ ó
Do (it).
òàç¦Ê È ûÈ
’ ’ ½ ª ¦
sr.
Don't do
(it).
¢Šàè«¢Š
ô ’ ó
(you two)
Do (it).
Šàç¦Ê ¢ Œ ¢ ûÈ
’ øï ø ¬ ¦
dl. mg.
Don't
do (it).
¦Œàè«¢Š
ô ’ ó
(you all)
Do (it).
¦Œàç¦Ê öŒ öûÈ
ô ’ ï ¬ ¦
pl
Don't do
(it).
àè«¢Š
ô ’ ó
Do (it).
àç¦Ê Ê ûÈ
ô ’ ½ ª ¦
sr.
Don't do
(it).
¢Šàè«¢Š
ô ’ ó
(you two)
Do (it).
Šàç¦Ê ¢ Œ ¢ ûÈ
’ øï ø ¬ ¦
dl. fg.
Don't do
(it).
úôàè«¢Š
’ ’ ó
(you all)
Do (it).
úôàç¦Ê ï ¬ûÈ
’ ’ úŒ ú ¦
pl.
2nd
person
************************ Vocabulary for Lesson No. 10a ************************
òøß
ˆ
asked
Š Š
ò Ç
öß
’ô
drank
È Ž
§ÂË
¬Ë
Æ Â
rode
È
¤ï°
(he) separated, divided
È Š
¼Âç
went
È
¤ÿ¯
came near
È Š
§Âë
to act, work
to know
to open, expand
37

27. 38
Arabic Grammar
======================= Exercises for Lesson No. 10c =======================
im. mg. sr. (you) Go
¤ ̯Ê
ÿ¦
im. mg. pl. Know.
¦ Š ßÊ
øô ¦
ni. mg./fg. dl. (You two)
Do not go near (it).
ni. fg. sr. Do not fear (it).
¢ ’좊
¥Â « ó
ni. mg. sr. Do not
do (it).
ni. mg. sr. Do not
go.
ni. mg. sr. Do not
make.
ni. mg. pl. Do not
say.
(you two) don't
come near
don't ask me
’ò ’袊
à« ó
im. mg. sr. Open.
im. mg. sr. (you) Say
¢ ¢Š
ç ¼« ó
̬ ËÊ
 ¦
’òŒ
ë
open up for me
̬ ËÊ
ó Â ¦
(you all) drink
¦Ž ËÊ
¥Â ¦
(you all) ride
im. mg. sr. (you all) Say
im. mg. sr. Be.
¦Š Ì°Ê
¦ï ¦
¦ŒŒ
óë
úŒ
ï
and (you all)
listen
ni. mg. pl. Do not
be divided.
ni. mg. pl. Do not
be.
¤ ’À¢Š
ÿ « ó
’ò ´¢Š
à « ó
¦ŒŒ «¢Š
óì ó
¢ ’좊
¥Â « ó
Ž’óŠÈ¢Š
ü˜ « ó
¦ ǦÈ
àø Â
¦Œ è«¢Š
ëŠ ó
¦Œ «¢Š
ûð ó
IMPORTANT NOTE
All the verb forms of Š º Š that were taught in the previous lessons along with personal and
ò àç
possessive pronouns are given in the table on the next page. Try to reproduce this table a couple
of times for different verbs such as:Š ¬ë ÿ¯ ¬çÈ ÂËÈ Âӝ èû èï ôߝŠ øß
òŠ ¤ È ¶Š §Ž § êŠ ÂŠ Š ö ò
¤ôםŠò»®¤¬ïŠòà³.
ŠŠ È
Š
38

28. 39
Arabic Grammar
Š Š
Conjugation table for the verb òàç
û
Â÷È
¦
¸°¢Ô
÷
¢
Ó÷
Poss.
Prns.
Pers.
Prns.
Œ à’è
ò
Š Š
òàç

Á
ÿ
sr.
Ê Š ’è
Àà
àç
Š Š
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. mg.
È Œ à’è
À ô
¦Œ àç
ô Š
ö
ÿ
ö
ÿ
pl.
ΠՏ
òà «
ªŠ Š
ôàç
¢
ÿ
ÿ
sr.
Ê Š ’è
Àà «
¢Š Š
¬ôàç
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. fg.
’ô ’è
úà
’ô Š
ú àç
úÿ
úÿ
pl.
No. Gender
òà’è«¢Š
’ ó
òàç¦Ê
’ ’
òàè«
Œ ’
ª’ôàŠç
Ƚ
ªûȦ
àç¦Ê
Š ’
ÀŠàè«
Ê ’
¢ø’ôàŠç
¬
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. mg.
¦Œàè«¢Š ¦Œàç¦Ê ÀŒàè«
ô ’ ó ô ’ È ô ’
ö’ôàŠç
¬
öŒ
ï
öûȦ
¬
pl
àè«¢Š àç¦Ê
ô ’ ó ô ’
[ô àè«
’
ª’ôàŠç
ʽ
ªûȦ
sr.
àç¦Ê
Š ’
ÀŠàè«
Ê ’
¢ø’ôàŠç
¬
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. fg.
úôàè«¢Š úôàç¦Ê
’ ’ ó ’ ’
úôàè«
’ ’
¬’ôàŠç
ú
ï
úŒ
¬ûȦ
ú
pl.
Œ à’çÈ
ò ¦
’ô Š
ª àç
Ä
¢È
û¦
Œ à’èû
ò
¢’ô Š
ü àç
¢
û
¸
ú û
3rd
person
sr.
¢Šàè«¢Š
ô ’ ó
Person
¢Šàè«¢Š
ô ’ ó
2nd
person
sr. mg. 1st
fg.
dl. mg. person
pl. fg.
39

29. 40
Arabic Grammar
Conjugation table for the verb
û
¸°¢Ô
÷
¢
Ó÷
Poss.
Prns.
Pers.
Prns.
É Œ
Àð
È ¢Š
Àï

Á
ÿ
sr.
Ê ŠûŒ
À¢ ð
Šû¢Š
¢ï
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. mg.
È Œ
Àûð
¦û¢Š
ï
ö
ÿ
ö
ÿ
pl.
É Œ «
Àð
ª¢Š
ûï
¢
ÿ
ÿ
sr.
Ê ŠûŒ «
À¢ ð
¢û¢Š
•
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. fg.
Œ
úð
Œ
úï
úÿ
úÿ
pl.
úï
Œ
ÀŒ «
É ð
ªüŒ
ï
Ƚ
ªûȦ
sr.
¢ûŒ «¢Š ¢ûŒ
Š ð ó Š ï
À¢ûŒ «
ÊŠ ð
¢ ¬üï
øŒ
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. mg.
¦Œ «¢Š ¦Œ ÀŒ «
ûð ó ûï È ûð
ö¬üï
Œ
öŒ
ï
öûȦ
¬
pl
ŽŒ «¢Š ŽŒ [ûŽŒ «
ûð ó ûï ð
ªüŒ
ï
ʽ
ªûȦ
sr.
¢û𢊠¢ûŒ
Š « ó Š ï
À¢ûŒ «
ÊŠ ð
¢ ¬üï
øŒ
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. fg.
úð«
Œ
ú¬üï
Œ
ï
úŒ
¬ûȦ
ú
pl.
É Œ È
À ï¦
üŒ
ªï
Ä
¢È
û¦
É Œ û
Àð
¢Œ
üï
¢
û
¸
ú û
ú𫢊
Œ ó
ú𫢊
Œ ó
The verb forms of
Â÷È
¦
À¢Š
È ï
úï
Œ
À¢Š are extensively used in the Qur'an.
È ï
No. Gender
Person
3rd
person
2nd
person
sr. mg. 1st
fg.
dl. mg. person
pl. fg.
Try to reproduce this table a couple of
times to get a very good familiarity of all the forms shown above.
40

30. 41
Arabic Grammar
È ë
Conjugation table for the verb ¾¢Š
û
Â÷È
¦
¸°¢Ô
÷
¢
Ó÷
Poss.
Prns.
Pers.
Prns.
É Œ
¾ì
È ¢Š
¾ë

Á
ÿ
sr.
Ê Š Œ
À ì
ë
Š ¢Š
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. mg.
È ŒŒ
Àóì
¦Œ¢Š
óë
ö
ÿ
ö
ÿ
pl.
É Œ «
¾ì
ªŠ¢Š
óë
¢
ÿ
ÿ
sr.
Ê Š Œ «
À ì
¢Š¢Š
¬ó ë
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. fg.
ú’ôŒ
ì
ú’ôŒ
ë
úÿ
úÿ
pl.
No. Gender
òì«Š
’Œ
òë
’Œ
¾Œ «
É ì
ªôë
’Œ
Ƚ
ªûȦ
¢ŠŒ
óë
ÀŠŒ «
Ê ì
¢ ¬ôë
ø ’Œ
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. mg.
¦ŒŒ «Š ¦ŒŒ
óì
óë
ÀŒŒ «
È óì
ö¬ôë
’Œ
öŒ
ï
öûȦ
¬
pl
Œ «Š Œ
óì
óë
[ó Œ «
ì
ªôë
’Œ
ʽ
ªûȦ
sr.
¢ŠŒ «Š
óì
¢ŠŒ
óë
ÀŠŒ «
Ê ì
¢ ¬ôë
ø ’Œ
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. fg.
úôì«Š
’Œ
úôë
’Œ
úôì«
’Œ
ú¬ôë
’Œ
ï
úŒ
¬ûȦ
ú
pl.
É Œ È
¾ ë¦
’ôŒ
ªë
Ä
¢È
û¦
É Œ û
¾ì
¢’ôŒ
üë
¢
û
¸
ú û
3rd
person
sr.
¢ŠŒ «Š
óì
Person
Different forms of
¾¢ ë are frequently used in the Qur'an.
ȺŠ
2nd
person
sr. mg. 1st
fg.
dl. mg. person
pl. fg.
Try to reproduce this table a couple of
times to get a very good familiarity of all the forms shown above.
41

31. 42
Arabic Grammar
Š Š
10d. Derived Forms of theVerb òàç
Verbal
Noun
° Ð
¾ ÷
Passive
participle
Active
participle
¾ ’è ’ó¦ ÇÊ ò ¢Š ’ó¦ ÇÊ
à ø ö ¦ ßè ö ¦
Present (
future) Tense
Past
Tense
Ì¸Ê ¢
° Ô÷
S.
No.
¢
Ó÷
ˆ à
òç
¾ ’è
à÷
ò ¢Š
ßç
Œ à’è
ò
Š Š
òàç
1
ˆ ’è
òà «
ò Š
àè÷
ò Š
àè÷
Œ àè
ò Š
Š Š
òàç
2
ˆ Š ¢Š
¨ôß è÷
ò ¢Š
ß è÷
ò ¢Š
ß è÷
Œ ߢŠ
ò è
Š ¢Š
òß ç
3
Æ ¢ ’çÊ
¾à¦
ò ’è
à÷
ò ’è
à÷
Œ à’è
ò
Š ’çÈ
òà ¦
4
ˆ àŠ
ò

32. è«
ò Š
àè¬÷
ò Š
àè¬÷
Œ è¬
òàŠ
Š Š
òàè«
5
ˆ Š ¢Š
¨ôß è¬÷
ò ¢Š
ß è¬÷
ò ¢Š
ß è¬÷
Œ ߢŠ
ò è¬
Š ¢Š 6
òß è«
Æ ¢ ûÊ
¾ àè ¦
ò Š ü
àè ÷
ò Š ü
àè ÷
Œ àèü
ò Š
Š Š ûÊ 7
òàè ¦
Æ ¢ ’çÊ
¾ ଠ¦
ò ’è
ଠ÷
ò ’è
ଠ÷
Œ ଒è
ò
Š ’çÊ 8
òଠ¦
Æ Š ’çÊ
¾à ¦
òŠ ’è
ôà ÷
ò ’è
ôà ÷
ò ’è
Nà
M ’çÊ
òà ¦
Æ ¢ ’è ÇÊ
¾à ¬ ¦
ò ’èÈ
ଠ÷
ò ’èÈ
ଠ÷
Œ à’è¬È
ò
9
Š ’èÇÊ 1 0
òà ¬ ¦
Note: It is suggested that you practice on this table after memorizing the meanings of around a
Juz' (parah). Try to repeat this table for a couple of verbs. You will have a much wider
understanding of different verbs and their meanings which occur in the Qur'an. After this
practice, you will be able to remember and connect the derived forms with their root word easily.
For each of the verb, you can repeat the table given under the title Conjugation table for the verb
Š º Š
ò àç
and feel for yourself the power of Arabic language. The following page gives an example
of how the table given under the title Conjugation table for the verb
Š Š
òàç
can be reproduced for
the derived form number 3, Š ’ ¢ ,. You can reproduce the following for each of the derivatives.
òàç
42

33. 43
Arabic Grammar
òàç¢
An Example: Conjugation table for the verb Š ’ È
¸°¢Ô
÷
¢
Ó÷
Œ à’è
ò
Š ’çÈ
òà ¢

Á
ÿ
sr.
Ê Š ’è
Àà
à ¢
Š ’çÈ
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. mg.
È Œ à’è
À ô
¦Œ à’çÈ
ô ¢
ö
ÿ
ö
ÿ
pl.
Œ àè
ò ’ «
ªŠ ’çÈ
ôà ¢
¢
ÿ
ÿ
sr.
Ê Š ’è
Àà «
¢Š ’çÈ
¬ô à ¢
¢
øÿ
¢
øÿ
dl. fg.
’ô ’è
úà
’ô ’çÈ
úà¢
úÿ
úÿ
pl.
òàè«
Œ ’
ª’ôà’çÈ¢
Ƚ
ªûȦ
sr.
ÀŠàè«
Ê ’
¢ø’ôà’çÈ¢
¬
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. mg.
ÀŒàè«
È ô ’
ö’ôà’çÈ¢
¬
öŒ
ï
öûȦ
¬
pl
[ô àè
’ «
ª’ôà’çÈ¢
ʽ
ªûȦ
sr.
ÀŠàè«
Ê ’
¢ø’ôà’çÈ¢
¬
¢øŒ
ï
¢øûȦ
¬
dl. fg.
úôàè«
’ ’
’ôà’çÈ¢
ú¬
ï
úŒ
¬ûȦ
ú
pl.
Œ à’çÉ
ò ¦
’ô ’çÈ
ªà¢
Ä
¢È
û¦
Œ à’è
ò û
¢’ôà’çÈ
ü ¢
¢
û
¸
ú û
Poss.
Prns.
Pers.
Prns.
No.
Gender
Person
3rd
person
2nd
person
sr. mg. 1st
fg.
dl. mg. person
pl. fg.
43

34. 44
Arabic Grammar
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44

35. 45
Arabic Grammar
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45