A novel designed drug delivery system to lure and kill cancer cells. This project is just an idea of a system, and has not been physically created nor tested.

1. Anti-cancer Medicated
Bioreabsorbable Implant that
Attracts and Destroys Cancer
Cells

2. Current treatment for Cancer
1. Chemotherapy
2. Surgery
3. Radiation Therapy
4. Immunotherapy
5. Targeted Therapy
6. Hormone Therapy
7. Stem Cell Transplant
 Disadvantages
 Cancer cells and healthy cells
affected
 Cancer does not always go
away
 Severely impacted daily
activities of patients
 Patient still has bad quality of
life and dies from cancer/
treatment

3. Design Concept and Hypothesis
Design a biodegradable device for controlled drug
release that targets and lures cancer cells
BioSilicon Polymer
Anti-folate drugs
Biguanide (Type II Diabetic Drugs)
Cytokines Cancer Bait

4. Case Study Flowchart
 34 year old male
 Mandibular cancer
 Efficient vasculature in the
head and neck
 Easy metastasis
 Problems – Primary tumor and
Metastasis
 Solution– 1 Solution to 2
issues.

5. BioSilicon
Porous Form of
Silicon
Degrades into Silicic
Acid
Semiconductor
Photoetching
Rezos, Gavin. "Nanostructured Silicon - Appilcations in Drug Delivery." Drug
Delivery & Formulations. PSivida. 64-67. Print.

6. Drug Delivery Applications
 Drug loading up to 95%
 Controlled Time Release (hours, weeks, months)
 Conduction Charges
 Structural protection
 Biocompatible and Biodegradable
 Many medical applications and delivery formulations

7. Anti-folate Drug Class
 Inhibit cancer cells synthesis of folic
acid
 Folic acid is found in cancer cells and
is their nutrient source to make
protein for further proliferation
 Common examples: aminopterin, and
methoxtrexate
 Mechanism
1. Inhibit dihydrofolate reductase-
prevents reduction of folic acid and
dihydrofolic acid to THF
2. Inhibit thymidylate synthase
"Folic Acid Metabolism: A Role in Cancer's Cause and Cure |
BioFiles Volume 5 Number 6 - Cancer." Sigma-Aldrich. N.p., n.d.
Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-
science/learning-center/biofiles/biofiles-5-6/folic-acid-
metabolism.html>.

8. Biguanides Type II Diabetes Drugs
Common Examples: Metformin, Phenformin
Mechanism of action
1. Leads to increase in AMP
2. Blocks enzyme adenylate cyclase
3. Reduces levels of cyclic AMP and protein kinase
activity
4. Blocks glucose-dependent glucose output from
liver cells

9. Published OnlineFirst March 31, 2012, doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-12-0694Clin Cancer Res May 15, 2012 vol.
18 no. 10 2723-2725

10. How It Works
Birnbaum, Morris J. "Penn Team Finds That Most-Used Diabetes Drug Works in Different Way than Previously
Thought." Penn Team Finds That Most-Used Diabetes Drug Works in Different Way than Previously Thought. The
Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, 07 Jan. 2013. Web. 12 Oct. 2015.

11. Drug Combination Therapy
Anti-folate drugs in excess is associated with DNA
damage and altered DNA methylation
Cases have been seen that excess of biguanides in
non-diabatic patients cause severe lactic acidosis
No known drug interactions between the two.

12. Cytokines as Cancer Lure
 Cytokines are signaling proteins that are produced by white
blood cells.
 Mediate and regulate immune responses, inflammation, and
hematopoiesis.
 Three types of cytokines
Interferons (INFs)
Interleukins (ILs)
Hematopoietic Growth Factors

13. Device Synthesis
Biosilicon
Drug loading/
cytokine coating
Multi-layer

14. Single layer Design
Anti-folate Drug
Cytokines
Biguanide

15. Drug Delivery Process

16. In Vivo Study
Inject cancer cells into
breast tissue of female
mice
Biosilicon device
implant near the site
of tumor
Inflammation and
Cytokines Lure Cancer
Cells
Surface Degradation
induces drug release

17. Take Home Message
1) Coat the implant with cytokines, that draws out as many malignant cells
as possible.
2) Have a multitude of drugs embedded into the implant that are released
as the scaffold resorbs.
3) Make sure the drugs have different mechanisms of action and no
interactions with each other.
4) Surgical implantation as close as possible to the primary tumor.
5) Inflammation lures cancer cells into region

18. Possible Alterations
1
• Change concentration of the drugs used
2
• Change the degradation rate of the BioSilicon polymer
3
• Use different combinations of drugs

19. Limitations
 Dependent on the inflammatory response of individual
patients
 Biguanides have not been established as anti-neoplastic drug
 Limited to early stages of cancer prognosis

20. References
 (Slide 2) "Types of Treatment." National Cancer Institute. National Cancer Institute, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://www.cancer.gov/about-
cancer/treatment/types>.
 (Slide 8) Rezos, Gavin. "Nanostructured Silicon - Appilcations in Drug Delivery." Drug Delivery & Formulations. PSivida. 64-67. Print.
 (Slide 10) "Folic Acid Metabolism: A Role in Cancer's Cause and Cure | BioFiles Volume 5 Number 6 - Cancer." Sigma-Aldrich. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Oct.
2015. <http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/life-science/learning-center/biofiles/biofiles-5-6/folic-acid-metabolism.html>.
 (Slide 12) Pollak, Michael. "Metformin and Pancreatic Cancer: A Clue Requiring Investigation." Clinical Cancer Research. American Association for
Cancer Research, 31 Mar. 2012. Web. 18 Oct. 2015. <http://clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/citmgr?gca=clincanres%3B18%2F10%2F2723>.(Slide 11-13)
Birnbaum, Morris J. "Penn Team Finds That Most-Used Diabetes Drug Works in Different Way than Previously Thought." Penn Team Finds That Most-
Used Diabetes Drug Works in Different Way than Previously Thought. The Trustees of the University of Pennsylvania, 07 Jan. 2013. Web. 12 Oct. 2015.
 (Slide 11-13) Kıvanç Birsoy, Richard Possemato , Franziska K. Lorbeer, Erol C. Bayraktar, Prathapan Thiru, Burcu Yucel, Tim Wang, Walter W. Chen, Clary
B. Clish, and David M. Sabatini.“Metabolic determinants of cancer cell sensitivity to glucose limitation and biguanides”Nature, March 16, 2014.
 (Slide 14) Suchard, Jeffrey R., and Thomas A. Grotsky. “Fatal Metformin Overdose Presenting with Progressive Hyperglycemia.” Western Journal of
Emergency Medicine 9.3 (2008): 160–164. Print.
 (Slide 14) Drugs.com [Internet]. Metformin Information from Drugs.com; c2000-15 [updated: 2015 October 11; Cited 2015 October 18]. Available from:
http://www.drugs.com/drug-interactions/metformin.html
 "Tiny 'Cancer Trap' Could Stop Cancer Spread." NHS Choices. Bazian, 9 Sept. 2015. Web. 9 Oct. 2015.