THIS IS A PPT BASED IN THE BASICS OF LIGHT,MIRRORS AND LENSES.

2. •Always travels in a straight line. This is
the rectilinear propagation of light
•Speed = 300,000 m/s
•Travels in the form of wavelength

3. When light hits any surface it may
1. Bounce back
2. Absorb
3. Pass through

4. When light hits any surface and
bounces back ,it is called reflection .
There may be two types of reflection :
Diffuse reflection
Clear reflection

5.  From a rough
surface
 The rays may go in
any direction
 Image generally
not formed
 The surface will
not act as a mirror

6.  From smooth and
shiny surface
 An image is
formed
 The surface will
act as a mirror

7. Real : An image which forms on a screen
Virtual : An image which is formed inside
the mirror
Erect :straight
Inverted : an image which is not straight
Lateral inversion : when left side appears
on right and right appears on left side

8. •NATURE OF THE IMAGE :
•Laterally inverted
•Erect
•Same size
•Distance between object and the mirror is same as the distance
between the image and the mirror
•Virtual
surface normal
same exit ray
incident ray angle reflected ray

9. •Angle of incidence = Angle of reflection
•Normal , incident ray and the reflected ray
, they all lie on the same plane.

10. Real
Focus
Parallel rays
Focal length = +
Forms real, inverted,
Reduced or enlarged
Reflected rays Image. Also forms
Virtual, erect,
Enlarged images.

11. OBJECT IMAGE NATURE
BETWEEN P AND BEHIND THE ERECT,VIRTUAL,ENLARGED
F MIRROR
AT F NO IMAGE -
BETWEEN C BEYOND C INVERTED,REAL,LARGE
AND F
AT C AT C INVERTED,SAME SIZE ,REAL
BEYOND C BETWEEN C AND INVERTED, REAL,SMALL
F

12. Virtual focus
Parallel rays
Focal length = -
Reflected rays Forms only virtual,
erect, reduced
images between
the virtual focus
and the mirror.

13. OBJECT IMAGE NATURE
BETWEEN P AND F BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
AT F BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
BETWEEN C AND F BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
AT C BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
BEYOND C BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)

14. A ray thru the
Center of the
lenses Parallel ray
Passes thru
The focus
2f focus (f) focus (f) 2f
x x x x
Remains
unbent
Refracts parallel
To principal axis

15. OBJECT IMAGE NATURE
BETWEEN P AND BEHIND THE ERECT,VIRTUAL,ENLARGED
F MIRROR
AT F NO IMAGE -
BETWEEN C BEYOND C INVERTED,REAL,LARGE
AND F
AT C AT C INVERTED,SAME SIZE ,REAL
BEYOND C BETWEEN C AND INVERTED, REAL,SMALL
F

16. Parallel ray
2f f f 2f
Image is:
Virtual
Erect
Reduced
Appears on same
Side as object

17. OBJECT IMAGE NATURE
BETWEEN P AND F BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
AT F BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
BETWEEN C AND F BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
AT C BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)
BEYOND C BETWEEN P AND VIRTUAL,ERECT,SMALL
F(INSIDE THE
MIRROR)