Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Nigeria for Sustainable Agricultural Production discusses the importance of fertilizer for plant growth and development, and the need for sustainable agriculture. It defines fertilizer and the three main types - chemical, organic, and biofertilizers. The document advocates for the use of organic fertilizers like manure, green manure, and vermicompost in Nigeria to promote sustainable agriculture, economic growth, and environmental protection.

1. Fertilizer Use Efficiency in Nigeria for
Sustainable Agricultural Production.
by
ABIOLA, Samson Olaniyi
AGN/2014/0001.
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2. INTRODUCTION
• Definition and importance of Fertilizer
Fertilizer is a substance that is applied to soil to increase
soil health, plant development, and yield.(Saurabh et al.,
2018)
Fertilizers act as catalysts, supplying nutrients to plants
for optimal development and output.(Panthapulakkal,
2015).
 Fertilizers are classified into three types: chemical,
organic, and biofertilizers.
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3.  Sustainable Agriculture
Sustainable agriculture refers to farming methods that are
favorable to the environment and allow for the
production of crops and livestock without causing harm
to human or natural systems (Pallabi , 2014).
To practice sustainable agriculture, proper planning,
favorable attitudes among farmers, policies, and support
services in credit, technology, training, extension, and
marketing are required (Gold, 2009).
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LITERATURE REVIEW

4. INTRODUCTION
• Types of fertilizers
– Nitrogen (N), potassium (K), and phosphorus (P) are
essential elements for plant growth, and as a result, the
use of these nutrients as chemical fertilizers has
increased since the green revolution in the 1960s,
determining crop yield (Saurabh et al., 2018).

5. INTRODUCTION Cont’d
• Types of Inorganic Fertilizers :
Inorganic/Chemical/Synthetic fertilizer:
• Complete fertilizer: contains all three major nutrients,
N, P and K.
• Incomplete fertilizer: lacks any one of the three
nutrient elements.
• Straight fertilizer: contain only one primary or major
nutrient element.
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6. INTRODUCTION Cont’d
Organic Fertilizer: a system that avoids or substantially
excludes the use of chemical inputs in order to rely on crop
residues, crop rotations, animal manures, and farm organic
waste to the greatest extent possible.
Types of Organic Fertilizer
I. Organic manure
II. Green manure
III. Biofertilizer
IV. Vermicopost 6

7. INTRODUCTION Cont’d
Organic Fertilizer
Components of Organic Farming
Crop Residue: Crop residues that have been inoculated
with fungal species improve the physicochemical
qualities of the soil as well as crop yields(Manchala et
al., 2017).
Organic manure.
Green Manuring.
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8. INTRODUCTION Cont’d
Biofertilizers: Microorganisms that can boost soil
fertility by fixing atmospheric nitrogen, mycorrhizal
fungi, and phosphate solubilizers (Manchala et al., 2017).
Types of Biofertilizers
Symbiotic Nitrogen-fixation: Rhizobium
Asymbiotic N-fixation: Azotobacter, Azospirillium
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9. INTRODUCTION Cont’d
Vermicompost: Organic manure or compost is created
with the usage of earthworms, who devour organic debris
and excrete it in digested form.
These are high in macro and micronutrients, vitamins,
growth hormones, and immobilized microflora, all of
which are necessary for plant growth (Nagavallemma et
al., 2004).
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10. Management of Crop Waste after Harvesting
The vast amount of crop residue produced in open
fields around the world results in soil fertilization
in the form of ash input (Bagheri et al., 2008).
Straw, roots, shafts, and other tissues of corn,
wheat, and rice account for approximately 40.6
percent, 24.2 percent, and 15.7 percent of crop
waste, respectively (Jiang et al., 2015).
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LITERATURE REVIEW

11. LITERATURE REVIEW
• Food Security and environmental health for the
expanding World Population
– New forms of smart fertilizers are being developed to
improve nutrient utilization efficiency.
– The ability to alter the nanoscale can lead to a better
knowledge of biological, physical, and chemical
processes, as well as the development of new materials,
structures, devices, and systems for use in
agroecosystems (Sastry et al., 2011).

12.  Suggested Actions/The Way Forward
The government must ensure that scientific data and
relevant information regarding the organic farming
sector are collected
Encourage the use of climate-smart technologies
(investing in ecosystem-based approaches and new
technologies).
Adapt water management in the framework of Climate-
Smart Agriculture to improve food security..
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LITERATURE REVIEW

13. LITERATURE REVIEW
• Actions by farmers and individuals:
• Contact with extension services, education, land
ownership, and increased access to information all
contribute to a better understanding of sustainable
farming techniques.
• Farmers' favorable attitudes, policies, and support
services in credit, technology, training, extension, and
marketing are all required (Pasakamis, 2010).

14. CONCLUSION
Organic farming is an agricultural technique that
encourages environmentally, socially, and economically
sustainable food and fiber products. The use of organic
fertilizers/agricultural in Nigeria will not only have an
impact on the economic growth of sustainable
agriculture, but it will also contribute to a sustainable
environment and the overall well-being of the country. As
people become more conscious of the adverse effects of
chemicals on their health, soil, and the environment,
organic manure has emerged as the most cost-effective
and environmentally acceptable method of promoting
agricultural production.
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15. REFERENCES
• Bagheri, A., Shabanali Fami, H., Rezvanfar, A., Asadi, A. and Yazdani, S. (2008). Analyzing application of
sustainable agricultural technologies among paddy farmers in Haraz Catchments area, Mazandaran province
of Iran. Journal of agricultural sciences, 39-2 (1), 139-152.
• Gold, M. (2009). What is Sustainable Agriculture?. United States Department of Agriculture, Alternative
Farming Systems Information Center.
• Jiang, D., Zhuang, D., Fu, J., Huang, Y., and Wen, K., (2012). Bioenergy potential from crop residues in
China: availability and distribution. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 16, 1377–1382.
 Manchala S., Chandramohan G., and Sangwan P. S., (2017). A Review on Organic Farming - Sustainable
Agriculture Development. Int. J. Pure App. Biosci. 5 (4): 1277-1282
 Nagavallemma, K.P., Wani, S., Lacroix, V.V., Padmaja, C., Vineela, M., Babu Rao and Sahrawat, K. L.,
(2004). Vermicomposting: Recycling Wastes into Valuable Organic Fertilizer. Global Theme on
Agroecosystems; Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India: International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-
Arid Tropics, 20(8)
 Panthapulakkal, S., and Sain, M., (2015). The use of wheat straw fibres as reinforcements in composites. In:
Faruk, O., Sain, M. (Eds.), Biofiber Reinforcements in Composite Material. Woodhead Publishing, UK, pp.
423–453.
 Pasakarnis G., and Maliene V., (2010). "Towards sustainable rural development in Central and
Eastern Europe: applying land consolidation". Land Use Policy 27 (2): 545–9
 Saurabh T., Gautam M., and Naresh R., (2018). Modern Concepts in Fertilizer Application to Enhance Soil
Health. DOI: 10.22271/ed.books.4,59.
 Sastry, R.K., Rashmi, H.B., Rao, and N.H., (2011). Nanotechnology for enhancing food security in
India. Food Policy 36, 391–400.
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