1. CHILD CARE FROM A GLOBAL
PERSPECTIVE.
CHILD CARE IN GERMANY.
Group members:
Shuli Huang
Susana Cruz-Castro
Yun Chen
Saliha Shah
Anhelina Butkevich

2. Content
 Types of childcare system (Yun Chen)
 History of childcare system (Anhelina Butkevich)
 Philosophy of childcare’s system (Shuli Huang)
 Availability of childcare (Saliha Shah)
 Accessibility of childcare (Susana Cruz-Castro)
 Role of training in childcare (Shuli Huang)
 Summary (Yun Chen)

3. Types of childcare in Ontario
 Licensed child care centres: licensed by the Province of Ontario, must
meet the Day Nurseries Standards, 0-12 years (infants, toddlers,
preschool, and school age)
 Licensed Home Child Care: provided by licensed agencies, offer early
learning and care in approved home, 0-12 years (infants, toddlers,
preschool, and school age)
 Nursery schools: offer preschool children 2-5 years of age with an
introductory learning experience, morning or afternoon
 After-school and recreation care: unlicensed programs for children 6-
12 years offered by Toronto Parks, Forestry and Recreation
 Family Recourse programs: offer a range of services that support
parents and caregivers in their caregiver role, including playgroups,
drop-ins, resources, toy lending libraries, workshops, child care
registries, etc.

4. Types of Child Care in
Germany
1. Types of Kitas (Kindertagesstatte):
 Kinderkrippe: 0-3 years, different fee, different region
 Kindergarten: 3-6 years, tuition based on income, most children
attend
 Kitas: 11-12 years, before or after school, popular, with fee
2. Schulhort: pupils of elementary school (Grundschule-up to 11-12),
pre and after school
3. Privately Operated Childcares
 Kinderladen: with fee, offer activities for pre-schoolers
 Schlerladen: with fee, offer after-school activities

5. History of child care in Ontario
 1887 => The first Toronto Kindergarten.
 1920-30-s => Mother’s Allowance Act & The
Institute of Child Study (St. George's Nursery) was
established.
W II
W
 "Dominion-Provincial War Time Agreement" (men
went to war, women – to work => demand for child
care)
 1945 => At the end of the War, federal funding was

6. History of child care in Ontario
 1946 => The Day Nursery and Day Care Parents'
Association
 1950: more women at workplace => demand for
child care. The Nursery Education Association of
Ontario
 1966: The federal Canada Assistance Plan
 70-80-s Ontario Coalition for Better Child
 1996: Ca na d a He a lth & So c ia l Tra ns fe r Pla n, The
Ca na d a A s is ta nc e Pla n
s

7. History of German child care…
• goes back to the beginning of 19th century.
• Just taking care of children (no education) – for working class; to
prepare for school (for wealthy class)
• 1840 – Vrobel introduced first Kindergarten! Introduced cognitive,
intellectual developmental in child care.
• Funding – charity and churches
• 1933 – New Governmental power
• WW II – women worked, demand for child care centres
• after the war - Federal Republic of Germany and German Democratic
Republic => different levels of development

8. Philosophy of childcare system in Ontario
 5% or lower of men in the ECE field
 The average wage is $14,4-16
 The childcare subsidy program; the subsidy is provided directly to
childcare programs in each community
 The Ontario government has recently implemented full day early
learning for children in kindergarten
 Diploma or degree from a program related to the practice of early
childhood education is required (at least four semesters)
 tax-free monthly payment that helps low-income and middle-income
families pay for the costs of raising children under 7 seven years of
age

9. Philosophy of German system of childcare
 Only 1/3 of children of age 5 and under have a slot in
full-time childcare in Germany.
 Most preschools only offer half-days and only have 5
percent coverage for working mothers.
 Children in kindergarten must go home for lunch, which
usually consists of a 2 hour mid-day break in the school
day.
 Childcare during school vacations is limited.
 Before and after-school childcare programs are also
scarce

10. Availability of childcare in
Ontario
 In Ontario childcare centers= infants, toddlers, pre-schoolers,
school aged children
 Nursery schools
 Full daycare
 Extended hours care
 After school programs
 In Ontario childcare is available for special needs children up to
age 18

11. Availability of childcare in Germany
 1990 = 88% of children ages 3-6 had availability to
childcare
 Only 3% of children under 3 had the same availability to
childcare
 Early Childhood Education and Care (ECEC) in Germany
assure education or care for children over 3
 In 2002, the total amount of various childcare facilities in
Germany is approximately 3.1 million throughout both East
and West Germany
 Childcare in Germany is made available to parents by local
government

12. Availability of child care in
 Germany
Daycare service’s availability vary per region
 Type of pre-school called Kita=childcare services also
 Maximum age 11 to12
 In March 2010=56% of children were in daycares in Eastern state of
Saxony-Anhalt and 14% in Western state of North Rhine-Westphalia
 Available to children that have older siblings already attending the
childcare centers
 Children over the age of 3 have a right on childcare
 In 2013-2014 children starting from 12 months will have a right on

13. Accessibility of child care in
Ontario
 Childcare subsidy is available to parents who
have children under the age of 12 or until they
are18 if they have a disability.
 Several families can’t find space in child care and
are on long waiting lists.

14. Accessibility of child care in
Germany
• In Germany many parents need to go back work to support the
household. Due to this there was a new law passed in 2005. This
law enforces that there be help for preschool age children for
these parents based on their income.
• Children start Nursery School/Kindergarten as young as 3 Years of
age.
• Subsidized school payment is available when you enroll your
child.
• There are 3 different types of babysitting and after school
available.

15. Accessibility of child care in
Germany
 In West Germany during the 1990’s there was 75% less
children under the age of the 3 that were under childcare
compared to the East.
 The amount of single working mothers and career oriented
mothers are scarce due to the lack of help and usually
leads to the mother staying home.
 There are three types of financial add to help these and
lower class families.

16. Role of training in childcare system in
Ontario
 ECEs work with children from infancy to age 12, including children
with special needs.
 Assessing children’s developmental needs and stages;
 Planning and delivering activities that help children make
developmental progress;
 Maintaining healthy emotional and social learning environments for
children;
 Assessing children’s progress and communicating with parents and
supervisors about children’s developmental progress.
 Early Childhood Education Diploma or degree
 Knowledge of licensing regulations;
 Knowledge of Day Nurseries Act

17. Role of training in German childcare
system
 The focus of academically, socially, emotionally, and physically
preparing child during this age range
 The focus of protecting and caring for the child in the absence of
his/her primary care giver.
 Ensure that the children are supervised at all times. Act as a liaison
between the children and parents addressing problems and answering.
 While working as a lead teacher in a classroom the primary
responsibility of this role is to mentor staff assigned to their team.
 Certified Special Ed Teacher
 High school diploma (ECA)

18. Summary
• CHILDCARE IN GERMANY IS MADE AVAILABLE TO PARENTS BY THE LOCAL
GOVERNMENT
• EARLY CHILDHOOD EDUCATION AND CARE (ECEC) IN GERMANY ASSURE
EDUCATION OR CARE FOR CHILDREN OVER THE AGE OF 3 AS COMPARED TO
CHILDREN UNDER THE AGE OF 3
• WHEREAS, IN ONTARIO THERE ARE CHILDCARE CENTERS FOR INFANTS,
TODDLERS, PRE-SCHOOLERS, SCHOOL AGED CHILDREN WHICH CONTAIN;
 NURSERY SCHOOLS
 FULL DAYCARE
 EXTENDED HOURS CARE
 AFTER SCHOOL PROGRAMS

19. Bibliography
 "Kids." Childcare in Germany. N.p., 6 Sept. 2011. Web. 11 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.expatica.com/de/family/kids/Childcare-in-Germany_17439.html>.
 Familymwr. "FCC Program Offers Child Care, Career - FMWRC - US Army -
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<http://www.flickr.com/photos/familymwr/5007471553/>.
 Class Notes “Introduction to Early Childhood Education”, Cox ECEP-104, 2013.
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<http://www.tulane.edu/~rouxbee/soci626/germany/_pbaliga/early childhood
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 "Berlin Assistant Teacher Jobs (OH)." & Employment. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Mar.
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20. Bibliography
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21. Bibliography
 "Support for Children with Special Needs." Support for Children with Special
Needs. N.p., n.d. Web. 18 Mar. 2013.
<http://www.edu.gov.on.ca/childcare/specialneeds.html>.
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