In this ppt we talk about Advancements in powder metallurgy. How's it made to what's its uses

1. ADVANCEMENTS IN
POWDER METALLURGY
DARSHAN B
1MS19ME046

2. Powder Metallurgy
 Powder Metallurgy (P/M) is an art & science of producing metal
or metallic powders, and using them to make finished or semi-
finished products.
 Powder metallurgy takes a metal powder with specific
attributes of size, shape, and packing, and then converts it into
a strong, precise, high performance shape

3. Literature Survey
Study of the mechanical and metallurgical properties of sintered steels
Conference Paper - December 2016
The aim of this work was to study the valve seat insert (VSI) produced
with three different alloys from the mechanical and metallurgical point of
view.
Characterization of Powder Metallurgy Processed Pure Magnesium
Materials for Biomedical Applications
Matej Brezina 1,Jozef Minda - article - October 2017
Powder metallurgy processed magnesium compacts prepared at room
temperature and at 300 ◦C,400 ◦C and 500 ◦C under pressures in the range
from 100 MPa to 500 MPa were analyzed in terms of the evolution of the
microstructure, mechanical properties and electrochemical corrosion
characteristics.

4. Literature Survey
Better Surface Integrity and Tribological Properties ofSteel Sintered by Powder
Metallurgy
Tae-Hwan Lim , Chang-Soon Lee - Research Paper - July 2020
This study dealt with te tribological characteristics of steel prepared by P/M.
Recent technology of powder metallurgy and Applications
Tadayuki Tsutsui- Article - 2010
Talks about the major applications and use of technology in Hitachi
Powdered Metals Co. Ltd.

5. Powder Metallurgy Process
 Powder production
 Blending or mixing
 Powder compaction
 Sintering
 Finishing Operations

7. Production of Metallic Powders
 In general, producers of metallic powders are not the same
companies as those that make PM parts
 Any metal can be made into powder form
 Three principal methods by which metallic powders are
commercially produced
 Atomization (by gas, water, also centrifugal one)
 Chemically
 Electrolytic
 In addition, mechanical methods are occasionally used to reduce
powder sizes

8. Blending
Process of making a homogeneous mass with uniform
distribution of particle size and composition.
 Powders made by different processes have different sizes and
shapes
 Mixing powders of different metals/materials

9. Geometries for Blending Powders
Amixer suitable for blending metal
powders.
Some common equipment geometries used for
blending powders
(a) Cylindrical, (b) rotating cube, (c) double
cone, (d) twin shell

10. Compaction
Application of high pressure to the powders to form
them into the required shape.
Conventional compaction method is pressing, in which
opposing punches squeeze the powders contained in a die.
 The work part after pressing is called a green compact,

12. Sintering
• Heat treatment to bond the metallic particles, thereby
increasing strength and hardness.
• Usually carried out at between 70% and 90% of the metal's
melting point (absolute scale)

13. Sintering on a microscopic scale: (1) particle bonding is initiated at
contact points; (2) contact points grow into "necks"; (3) the pores
between particles are reduced in size; and (4) grain boundaries develop
between particles in place of the necked regions.

14. Key Technologies
Ultra-High-Temperature Sintering
Ultra-high-temp is basically a further improvement of what high-temp
sintering achieves, taking several properties to new levels, including:
1.Tensile strength
2.Bending fatigue strength
3.Impact energy

15. Key Technologies
Soft magnetic composites (SMCs) barrier
SMCs have an electrically insulating layer … that happens to be
magnetically insulated, too. We aspire to have something electrically
insulating but also magnetically conductive. Materials exist that have
high resistivity, yet conduct magnetism, so the industry is trying to
create a unique composite structure with iron.

16. Key Technologies
Automotive Manufacturing
There are many ways that powder metal is helping with the
“electrification” of the motor vehicle and the creation of more compact
components.
1.Higher-performance press and sinter P/M parts
2.Better SMC product offerings to facilitate the electrification of the
auto
3.Continued education and interaction of the P/M part end users to
understand and exploit its many benefits.

17. Key Technologies
Metal Additive Manufacturing
Some tremendously exciting niche advances in powder metallurgy
technology are in metal additive manufacturing, or 3D printing.
Additive manufacturing is very attractive for exceptionally unusual-
shaped or complex objects that can be difficult to manufacture using
other processes. Metal additive manufacturing can also produce
multiple parts at a time, usually with less waste material.

18. Advantages
 Unlimited choice of alloys, composites, and associated properties
 Wide latitude of shape and design
 Very good material utilization
 Ability to combine multiple parts into one

19. Disadvantages
 High tooling and equipment costs.
 Metallic powders are expensive.
 Problems in storing and handling metal powders.
 Variations in density throughout part may be a problem,
especially for complex geometries.

20. Applications
 P/M parts are generally used as filters due to porous nature
 Making cutting tools and dies
 Used in making machinery parts
 Due to self-lubricating property P/M components are widely
used in making bearings and bushes
 P/M process is also used in making magnets