Disorder

2. Disorders of skin
• Two types of disorders are discuss
Infections
Non infective inflammatory condition

3. Infection
Includes
• Bacterial infection
• Viral infection
• Fungal infection

4. Non infective inflammatory condition
• Dermatitis
• Psoriasis
• Pressure ulcer
• Burns

5. I. DERMATITIS
• It is the inflammation of skin
• May be acute or chronic
Acute dermatitis :
include symptoms
• Redness
• Swelling
• Exudation of serous fluid by pruritus (itching)
Chronic dermatitis:
symptoms
• Skin become thickens
• Become leathery due to long term scratching

6. Types of dermatitis
• There are two types of dermatitis
i. Atopic dermatitis
ii. Contact dermatitis

7. Atopic dermatitis
• Also known as eczema
• A condition that causes dry, itchy and inflamed skin
• Chronic, associated with allergy
• Affect atopic individuals
• .i.e. Those to hypersensitivity disorders
• Children: who suffer from hay fever or asthma

8. Contact dermatitis
• Direct contact with a substance or an
irritant reactions such as by
• Soap
• Detergent
• Strong acid
• Industrial chemical
• Hypersensitivity reaction

9. II. PSORIASIS
• Autoimmune diseases
• A skin diseases that cause rash with scaly patches
• Skin is characterized by red, scaly plaques with slivery surface
• Bleeding occur when scales are scratched or rubbed off.
• Common sites are
• knees
• elbows
• scalp
• trunk

10. • Trigger factors that lead to exacerbation of condition
include trauma, infection and sunburn.
• Also associated with rheumatoid arthritis
Process : Proliferating cells of basal layers of epidermis progress more rapidly upwards
though the epidermis resulting in incomplete maturation of upper layer

11. III. PRESSURE ULCER
• Also known as decubitus ulcers or bedsores
• Occur over “pressure points” areas where the
skin may be compressed for long periods between
a bony prominence and a hard surface .I.E bed or chair
• When this occur blood flow to affected area is impaired
• ischemic develops.
• Initially the skin reddens,
• later as ischemia and necrosis occur

12. Predisposing factors
These may be:
Extrinsic factor
• Pressure, shearing forces, trauma,
• immobility, moisture, infection
Intrinsic factors
• Poor nutritional status, emaciation, incontinence,
• infection concurrent illness, sensory impairment,
• poor circulation

14. IV. BURNS
• Burns may be caused by many types of trauma including:
• Heat, cold, electricity and corrosive chemicals.
• Degrees of burns
• Rule of nines
• Indicates the fatality in adults by adding the degree of burn and age of the victim and the
total is greater than 80.

15. First Degree Second Degree Third Degree
Epidermis is involved Epidermis and upper dermis
are affected
Epidermis and dermis are
destroyed
Surface is moist and signs of
inflammation
Signs of inflammation Sensory nerve endings of
pain are destroyed
Tissue damage is minimal Blisters are formed Destroyed tissue coagulates
and forms a thick scab

16. Complications of burns are as follows:
• Dehydration
• Hypovolaemia
• Shock
• Hypothermia
• Infection
• Renal failure
• Contractures
Complications of burns