2. Introduction
It is a psychological model that attempt to explain and predict health
behavior
Focus on the attitude and believe of individual
Social psychologist- Hochbaum, Rosenstock and others in 1950
Health Believe Model is a conceptual formulation for understanding why
individuals did or not engage in a wide verity of health related actions
Four components:
1. Perceived susceptibility
2. Perceived severity
3. Perceived benefit
4. Perceived barriers
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3. Conti…
These concepts were proposed as accounting for people readiness
to act
Later additional construct added to better explain changing
habitual behaviors
1. Cues to action – readiness and stimulate over behavior
2. Self efficacy – ones confidence in the ability to successfully
perform an action
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4. Perceived susceptibility
This model predict that individual who perceive that they are
susceptible to a particular problem will engage in behaviors to
reduce their risk of developing the health problem.
EX. Corona virus
Perceived severity + perceived susceptibility = perceived threat
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5. Perceived severity
Perceived severity refers to the seriousness of health problem and
its consequences
o Disability
o Death
o Pain
According to model if an individual perceive seriousness of health
problem he/she change in behavior and prevent the health problem.
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6. Perceived benefits
It refers to an individuals assessment of the value or efficacy of
engaging in a health promoting behavior to decrease risk of
disease
If an individual believe that a particular action will reduce
susceptibility to health problem or decrease its seriousness then
he/she do that behavior
EX. Smoking
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7. Perceived barriers
Its about the material and psychological costs to be action
Perceived barriers to take action include perceived inconvenience,
expense, danger and discomfort involved in engaging in the health
behavior.
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8. Cues to action
This model suggest that a cue or trigger is necessary for promoting
engagement in health- promoting behaviors
Internal cues: psychological cues (pain, fear)
External cues: media, health care provider
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9. Self efficacy
Confidence in one ability to take action
Self efficacy was added to the four component of the health
believe model = Perceived susceptibility, seriousness, benefit and
barriers.
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11. Application
Define population at risk, personalize risk.
Identify and reduce barriers.
Provide information, promote awareness.
Provide training, guidance in performing action.
Limitation
It does not account for a person’s attitude, believe and other
individual determinant
It does not account habitual behavior
It does not account health related reasons
It does not account for environment and economic factors
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