Role of Government for Female Education in Bangladesh

2. Presentation Topic:
Role of Government for Female Education
in
BangladeshBangladesh
5/13/2013 2

3. Members of Group D :
Sykat Mondal (111605)
Kaniz Fatema Nisa (111611)
Salma Aktar (111616)
Md. Shariful Islam (111619)
Samia Yeasmin (111625)
Saddam Hossain (111628)
S.M. Shamimur Rahman (111633)
Debasish Saha (111641)
Raimohon Sarkar (111644)
Anusuya Sarkar (111649)
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4. Outline:Outline:
Introduction
What is Education?
Why Education is Important?
Education System in Bangladesh
Female Education in Bangladesh
Aims and Objectives of Female EducationAims and Objectives of Female Education
Importance of Female Education
Impediments of Female Education
Benefits of Female Education
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5. Outline:Outline:
Role of Government for Female Education
Achievements of Government
Failure of Government
Future Plan of Government
Recommendations
ConclusionConclusion
References
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6. Introduction:Introduction:
Education is the founding stone for the development of
our country and society. A large number of women of our
country is deprived of education for various social,
economic and cultural reasons.
Women constitute half of the country's population.
Women's scope of work is usually limited to familyWomen's scope of work is usually limited to family
welfare, child care and domestic chores. Women are
generally allotted a passive role in national development.
This existing trend must be changed. Emphasis will be
given on women's education to ensure women's
comprehensive development and empowerment and
women’s participation in a balanced social advancement.
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7. What is Education?
Education means mental and moral training. It is the light
that clears off the darkness of ignorance from our mental
horizon. It opens wide to our vision the vastness of God’s
creation and enables us to think about the merciful creator
of this universe. It is a blessing. It ensures a perfect and
harmonious development of our innate qualities andharmonious development of our innate qualities and
makes us worthy of the name `Ashraful Makhlukat’
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8. What Is Education?What Is Education?
Features:
Education is the realization of self.
Education is for liberation.
Education is something which makes man self-reliant andEducation is something which makes man self-reliant and
selfless.
The act or process of acquiring knowledge.
To live for a time close to great minds is the best
education
(source:Tanvir Nabi ,28th january,2013)
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9. Why Education Is Important?Why Education Is Important?
Opens up the possibility of more opportunities.
Good education, Best relationship.
People are glad by your side (now and in the future).
Be a correct teacher for your sons in the future.
Knowledge is personal gratification.
Be a good citizen for your country.Be a good citizen for your country.
Learning time management skills.
opens up the possibility of more job opportunities.
An educated person is secure.
An Educated person is tolerant.
( Source: Ashwini,2010)
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10. Why Education Is Important?Why Education Is Important?
Views of Prominent People:
“Education made us what we are" C.A. Helvétus
“Man is the only creature which must be educated"
Immanuel KantImmanuel Kant
“Ask me my three main priorities for government and I tell
you: education, education, education" Tony Blair
“Education is the most powerful weapon which you can use
to change the world" Nelson Mandela
(source :Margarita,2011)5/13/2013 10

11. Education System In Bangladesh:
The three main educational systems in Bangladesh:
General Education System
Madrasah Education System
Technical - Vocational Education System
Each of these three main systems is divided into five levels:
Primary Level (years 1 to 5)
Junior Level (years 6 to 8)
Secondary Level (years 9 to 10)
Higher Secondary Level (years 11 and 12)
Tertiary Level
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12. Education System in Bangladesh:
Board - The primary and secondary levels of education
are controlled by the seven General Education Boards,
each covering a region.
( Source :Sunny, Sanwar ,2011)( Source :Sunny, Sanwar ,2011)
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13. Female Education In Bangladesh:
Male female student proportion =58:41.
However under 20, about 64 percent of males and 57
percent of women have attended school now.
Bangladesh is divided into four main regions. These regions
are determined by the cultural background of the native
people and their geographical situation.people and their geographical situation.
In Chittagong, Male: Female =84: 72percent.
In Dhaka, the primary school completion ratio is, Male:
Female=56:51percent among the younger generation, these
figures are 47:46 percent.
Rajshahi has the largest number of female enrollment
compared to any regions of Bangladesh.
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14. Female Education In Bangladesh:Female Education In Bangladesh:
In Khulna, it is only 47 percent for males and 39 percent
for females.
After more than two decades of effort, Bangladesh has
succeeded in boosting education for girls to the point
where they have the same schooling opportunities as
boys.boys.
In fact, at the country level, some 23 percent of females
of all ages.
( Source :Shahriar Sharif,2012)
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15. Aims and Objectives of Female Education:
The main aims and objectives of women's education are:
To foster awareness and confidence among women and to
strengthen women's outlook in favor of demanding equal
rights.
To motivate women at all levels to acquire skills in order
to participate in the affairs of running the country.to participate in the affairs of running the country.
To strengthen them in a way that they can play their roles
in the socio-economic development of the country
through self-employment or being employed in various
positions.
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16. Aims and Objectives of Female Education:Aims and Objectives of Female Education:
To change their existing subordinate position and to
empower them.
To ensure equal rights and to resist dowry as well as
violence against women.
To ensure women's participation in poverty alleviationTo ensure women's participation in poverty alleviation
and socio-economic development programs.
(Source: National Education Policy, 2010)
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17. Importance of female education:
Female education is not a new thing in our country. Islam
has encouraged education and training to women folk.
The prophet(sm) of Islam has made education
compulsory for both men and women.
No nation can make real progress keeping a full half of its
population in the dark. Without the uplift of women’s.population in the dark. Without the uplift of women’s.
Once Napoleon said “give me a good mother and I will
give you a good Citizen’’. A good mother obviously
means an educated mother. So it needs no telling the
importance of female education.
( Source:Matin ka,1985)
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18. Importance of Female Education:Importance of Female Education:
There is a saying in English that the hand that rocks the
cradle rules the world. So every woman is a potential
mother.
"When you educate a man you educate an individual; when
you educate a woman you educate a whole family" (Charles
D. McIver)D. McIver)
Moreover, if a woman is educated she is treated with
respect. She has not to lead a life of dependence on men,
since she can earn her own living (bread and butter).
Education fills her with confidence and she is able to win
her due place in society.
(Source :Syeda Suraya Jahan,2008)
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19. Impediments of female education in Bangladesh:Impediments of female education in Bangladesh:
Poverty and societal attitudes -- the main obstacles to
education for girls -- have also left them vulnerable.
Child marriage, Majority of rural and as well as urban girls
are to be married at very early aged that’s why the rate of
women education can’t grow rapidly.
Human Trafficking.
Bangladesh has no comprehensive education policy suitableBangladesh has no comprehensive education policy suitable
for the challenges of the modern world.
In every school there is a school management committee.
But women are hardly included in those committees.
Families cannot meet direct costs, so children do not enroll
in school or they drop out.
(Source: Melissa Kelly,2012)
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20. Impediments of female education in Bangladesh:Impediments of female education in Bangladesh:
Rural areas women are less educated.
Traditional division of labor often disadvantages girls.
Limited involvement of parents in schooling and early
learning.
Girls more likely to care for family.
The fact that women are less educated than men is largelyThe fact that women are less educated than men is largely
due to ancient tradition and common mentality.
Lack of separate sanitation facilities particularly affects
adolescent girls.
(Source : IRIN ASIA,2013)
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21. Benefits of Female Education:Benefits of Female Education:
Women should be educated in Bangladesh and also all nations
in the world. Some advantages of women education are given
below:
Economy: Bangladeshi women contribute substantially to
their households and to the country’s Economy. The majority
of women workers are primarily involved in the informalof women workers are primarily involved in the informal
sector of the economy. Within the formal sector, a large
number of women work in export-oriented industries (e.g.,
garments).
Country Development: There are over 1,000 local and
national organizations in Bangladesh that generate Self-
employment opportunities for over 8 million poor,
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22. Benefits of Female Education:Benefits of Female Education:
mostly women, through micro credit and training in
literacy, technical skills, and legal rights.
Decrease Mortality Rate: The infant mortality rate has
decreased recently.
Decrease Early Marriage Rate: Once upon a time in ourDecrease Early Marriage Rate: Once upon a time in our
country early marriage was a trend. A woman, on an
average, is married before reaching the age of 20 years
(BBS 1998). But now a days, it has decreased.
(Source; LTStajul,2012)
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23. Benefits of Female Education:Benefits of Female Education:
Increase Nutritional Status: Women are more
malnourished than men at every stage of life. This
phenomenon is more visible in the case of adolescent
girls and pregnant mothers. Due to education this trend
has been changed.has been changed.
Personal Security: Violence against women is rampant.
Its manifestations range from teasing, hijacking, severe
assault, kidnapping, acid throwing, and murder (dowry
deaths).If a woman will be educated than she can give her
own security. She will not dependable another person for
economic and also mentally. (Source:Melissa,2012)5/13/2013 23

24. Role of Government for Female Education:
Education Policy:
In education policy 2010,Government had taken some
strategies and stipend steps in 16th number to improve
female education these are given bellow:
Strategies:
There will be special allocation for women's education inThere will be special allocation for women's education in
the budget. A special fund will to be mobilized to promote
women's education at all levels.
Steps will be taken to minimize the dropout rate of girl
students and to find ways to get them back in mainstream
education.
Attention will be given to create opportunities for women
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25. Role of Government for Female Education:
More girls will be included in institutional education. In
view of this, positive opportunities for women's education
will be created in various educational institutions.
The curriculum of the primary level will reflect a positive
and progressive image of women.
The course contents at primary and second levels willThe course contents at primary and second levels will
include in larger volume the biographies of great women and
pieces written by women.
The secondary level curriculum of last two years will
include gender studies and issues of reproductive health.
Girls will not be persuaded to take up some specific courses
like home economics.
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26. Role of Government for Female Education:
Necessary transport will be arranged and where necessary,
safe girls’ hostel will be established.
Girls will be encouraged to study science and professional
subjects
Women's enrollment in the proposed upazila level technical
schools will be encouraged. Adequate opportunities will beschools will be encouraged. Adequate opportunities will be
created for them.
Special stipends will be provided for the poor and
meritorious girl students to pursue higher education and
undertake research.
The regulations for punishment relating to sexual
harassment and repression on women must be strictly
followed in the educational institutions.
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27. Role of Government for Female Education:
Stipend Programme:
Female students have been provided stipends in secondary
schools in 460 rural upazillas.
Stipend programs have been able to play a landmark role
in reducing dropout and increasing enrollment in
secondary education. As an outcome of stipend programsecondary education. As an outcome of stipend program
the rate of teenage marriage has decreased rapidly.
Poor students, especially female ones are being benefited
more from the stipend programme.
With this end in view, several female hostels have been
made in District and in Thana levels to provide
accommodation to the female.
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28. RoleRole ofof GovernmentGovernment forfor FemaleFemale EducationEducation::
According to the finance ministry, Bangladesh currently
disburses 40 billion taka ($488.8 million) annually for
stipends at primary and secondary level, out of a total
education budget of Taka 215 billion ($2.6 billion).
(Source: National Education Policy 2010, equip123,2006)
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29. Role of Government for Female Education:
Steps Taken by NGOs, International Organizations
Associated with Government-
BRAC: BRAC (Bangladesh Rural Advancement
Committee) introduced a Non-Formal Primary Education
Program (NFPE) in 1985. This program emphasized mainly
on the education of girls in rural areas giving them theon the education of girls in rural areas giving them the
opportunity to attain higher levels of education by
providing flexible learning hours and scholarships
depending on educational performances.
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30. RoleRole ofof GovernmentGovernment forfor FemaleFemale EducationEducation::
The key strategies of UNICEF:
Promoting girls’ education and empowerment in national
policies
Networking and building alliances and partnerships
Promotion of multi-dimensional and cross-sectoral
approachesapproaches
Support to formal and non-formal channels
Promotion of girls’ education at every stage of the life
cycle
Promotion of girls’ participation and empowerment
(Source: UNICEF,2007)
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31. Role of Government for Female Education:
Grameen Bank: Grameen today is the focal point of a
global network of institutions and individuals who
provide micro-credit to fight poverty.
World Vision Bangladesh: This is a world wide NGO
which enable the society to become free from the curse of
illiteracy. Emphasis is given of education. They areilliteracy. Emphasis is given of education. They are
providing University Girls Scholarship for higher
education of university level girls. They are also
providing various training and workshop programme for
development of girls for working sector.
(Source :Tina S,2009,)
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32. Achievements of Government:
Today the boy-girl ratio in primary school is 52:48.
The current boy-girl ratio in secondary school is 46:54.
According to the DPE, Bangladesh’s over 80,000 primary
schools teach more than 17.5 million students, of whom
roughly half are girls. (IRIN,2013)
Girls walk to school in rural Bangladesh. A co-ordinate effortGirls walk to school in rural Bangladesh. A co-ordinate effort
by the government, non-governmental organizations (NGOs)
[Ziaul Islam/Khabar].
Among the eight South Asian countries Bangladesh is the
fourth to achieve gender parity in primary education.
(Source :Shahriar Sharif,2012)
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33. Achievements of Government:Achievements of Government:
Free distribution of text
book.
Scholarship
Now we see the boys are
falling behind girls in
primary and secondaryprimary and secondary
school levels," Education
Minister Nurul Islam Nahid
told Khabar.
Boys and girls attend
school six days a
week.(UNICEF,2012)
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34. Failure of Government:
The situation is worse in slum areas where enrolment rates
are only 61 percent, and 26 percent of primary-age girls
have never enrolled in a school. (bussiness.bd)
Here are still approximately 1.5 million primary school
aged girls out of school (UNICEF).
Government has not prevented child marriage yet.Government has not prevented child marriage yet.
Steps taken by Government are not fully and strictly
implemented in sphere of female education.
Government could not take proper measure to prevent
sexual harassment of the school going female students.
(Source: RADIA TAMIM and SAMEEO SHEESH,2012)
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35. Future Plan of Government:
Millennium Development Goal (MDG 2): Universal
primary education (all children, boys and girls should
complete their primary education. The timeframe is
2015).
Millennium Development Goal (MDG 3): Equality
between boys and girls and empowerment of women.between boys and girls and empowerment of women.
(Source : GOUTAM ROY,2009)
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36. Recommendations:
The Govt. should build various work sources so that the
women can work for their higher education.
Take actions to consolidate a sector-wide system for
public expenditure tracking survey in education.
Prepare and execute an action plan for the completion of
secondary curriculum revision and implementation ofsecondary curriculum revision and implementation of
revised curriculum.
Establish an independent accreditation mechanism for
private universities.
Create widely the strategic plan for higher education for
women.
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37. Recommendations:
Establish quality assurance mechanism for public and
private colleges and universities.
Govt. can give Quota system in public universities of
Bangladesh for women.
(Source: Tina S,2009)
Take strong steps to stop marriage against women’s will.Take strong steps to stop marriage against women’s will.
In school management committee women should be
involved more and more.
( Source : GOUTAM ROY,2009,)
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38. Conclusion:Conclusion:
Today, government has become aware that female
education is as important as that of men. A Sanskrit
shaloka says that “ a woman is under the
guardianship of her father before marriage,
dependant on her husband after her marriage and on
her son after the death of her husband.”her son after the death of her husband.”
But this attitude of treating a woman as a ward or a
dependent has been in existence for centuries. But
now all these have changed.
With the spread of education women have now
begun to claim equality with men.
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39. References:
Sunny, Sanwar(2011). Green Buildings, Clean Transport
and the Low Carbon Economy: Towards Bangladesh's
Vision of a Greener Tomorrow. Germany: LAP
Publishers. ISBN978-3-8465-9333-2.
http://www.indexmundi.com/bangladesh/demographics_p
rofile6.html
UNESCO Institute for Statistics Data 2009UNESCO Institute for Statistics Data 2009
Khabar South Asia, Shahriar Sharif for Khabar South
Asia in Dhaka June 22, 2012
Asian Studies Network Information Center.2000,
Bangladesh WWW Virtual Library, Texas, U.S.A.:
UniversityofTexasinAustin,http://asnic.utexas.edu/asnic/c
ountries/bangla/bangladeshm.html
5/13/2013 39

40. References:
TinaS,2009URL:http://conveylive.com/a/women_educati
on_in_bd_part2
goutam.r@brac.net, Monday, 26 October 2009 03:32
1985;12(1-2):41-53.Matin KA.
Banladesh.bureau of education information and statistics.
News.yahoo.com
UNICEF,promoting child rights,Mahabubur Rahaman
Khan,2009
Paragraph Main Blog4u.comLTStajul at 7:07 PM,2012
http://www.equip123.net/jeid/article/3/Girls stipend
Program in Bangladesh.pdf.
UNICEF/HQ01-0472/Shehazad Noorani.5/13/2013 40