Annotated Bibliography (Roman Aqueducts) Student’s Name Course Professor Institution Date Chanson, Hubert. "Hydraulics of Roman aqueducts: steep chutes, cascades, and dropshafts." American Journal of Archaeology (2000): 47-72. Accessed June 11, 2021. https://www-jstororg.ezproxy.umgc.edu/stable/506792?seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents Chanson’s topic focuses on reviewing some of the technological solutions for cascades, drop shafts, and steep chutes for roman aqueducts. The study's thesis is to explore the effectiveness of various tools used with aqueducts and how the tools interchanged how aqueducts advanced. Roman aqueduct's methodology was aimed at improving water flow. The creation of drop shafts led to the production of supercritical water flow that called for technical expertise to run and maintain. The use of chutes also significantly improved water flow. Nonetheless, there little information about steep chutes since the oldest records only date to 1300 B.C. The article's main points focus on innovation, benefits, impacts, and uses of cascades, drop shafts, and steep chutes for Roman Aqueducts. Chanson’s main goal in the study is to showcase how aqueducts development played a crucial role in Roman society earlier in the days. The target audience for this source are scholars, students, researchers, or any other person that is interested in Roman aqueducts. This source is very crucial to this write-up since it necessitates crucial information about the topic and any other related information. The article particularly utilizes different forms of diagrams, historical evidence, and various resources to showcase the role of Roman aqueducts. One deficiency evident in this article is that the researcher focuses primarily on Roman aqueducts, yet he could have expounded the research into other crucial equipment. The article was significant as it provided a detailed analysis about Roman aqueducts, including how it was used. The study also necessitated a synopsis of how the innovation of water flow made life easier in the ancient times. The source varies from the other four sources since it primarily deals with technological solutions for cascades, drop shafts, and steep chutes for Roman aqueducts.  Evans, Harry B. "In Tiburtium usum: special arrangements in the Roman water system (Frontinus, Aq. 6.5)." American journal of archaeology (1993): 447-455. Accessed June 11, 2021 . 5. https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.umgc.edu/stable/506365? seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents Evans’ topic focuses on how Roman aqueducts were used with Tiburtine territories. The study’s thesis explains the various Roman aqueduct routes and the services used in Tibur. Evans' methodology in the study explores the various uses of Roman aqueducts and how its usefulness helped in solving various issues in the region. Most of the uses of the Roman aqueducts in Tiburtine were evident in the allocated channels. For instance, there were various types of trenches in the regi.

1. Annotated Bibliography (Roman Aqueducts)
Student’s Name
Course
Professor
Institution
Date
Chanson, Hubert. "Hydraulics of Roman aqueducts: steep
chutes, cascades, and dropshafts."
American Journal of Archaeology
(2000): 47-72. Accessed June 11, 2021.
https://www-
jstororg.ezproxy.umgc.edu/stable/506792?seq=1#metadata_info
_tab_contents
Chanson’s topic focuses on reviewing some of the technological
solutions for cascades, drop shafts, and steep chutes for roman
aqueducts. The study's thesis is to explore the effectiveness of
various tools used with aqueducts and how the tools
interchanged how aqueducts advanced. Roman aqueduct's
methodology was aimed at improving water flow. The creation
of drop shafts led to the production of supercritical water flow
that called for technical expertise to run and maintain. The use
of chutes also significantly improved water flow. Nonetheless,
there little information about steep chutes since the oldest
records only date to 1300 B.C. The article's main points focus
on innovation, benefits, impacts, and uses of cascades, drop
shafts, and steep chutes for Roman Aqueducts. Chanson’s main

2. goal in the study is to showcase how aqueducts development
played a crucial role in Roman society earlier in the days. The
target audience for this source are scholars, students,
researchers, or any other person that is interested in Roman
aqueducts. This source is very crucial to this write-up since it
necessitates crucial information about the topic and any other
related information. The article particularly utilizes different
forms of diagrams, historical evidence, and various resources to
showcase the role of Roman aqueducts. One deficiency evident
in this article is that the researcher focuses primarily on Roman
aqueducts, yet he could have expounded the research into other
crucial equipment. The article was significant as it provided a
detailed analysis about Roman aqueducts, including how it was
used. The study also necessitated a synopsis of how the
innovation of water flow made life easier in the ancient times.
The source varies from the other four sources since it primarily
deals with technological solutions for cascades, drop shafts, and
steep chutes for Roman aqueducts.
Evans, Harry B. "In Tiburtium usum: special arrangements in
the Roman water system (Frontinus, Aq. 6.5)."
American journal of archaeology
(1993): 447-455. Accessed June 11, 2021
. 5. https://www-jstor-org.ezproxy.umgc.edu/stable/506365?
seq=1#metadata_info_tab_contents
Evans’ topic focuses on how Roman aqueducts were used with
Tiburtine territories. The study’s thesis explains the various
Roman aqueduct routes and the services used in Tibur. Evans'
methodology in the study explores the various uses of Roman
aqueducts and how its usefulness helped in solving various
issues in the region. Most of the uses of the Roman aqueducts in
Tiburtine were evident in the allocated channels. For instance,
there were various types of trenches in the region as well as
their uses. The main Roman aqueducts in the region were
Claudia, Anio Novus, and Marcia. The three channels were

3. strategically located to fit the region's natural landscape. The
article’s main points focus on various uses of Roman aqueducts
such as Claudia, Aqua Anio Vetus, and Mercia based on the
effectiveness of delivering services to consumers. The author’s
primary goal is to showcase various uses of Tiburtine in society.
The study targets researchers and scholars who may be
interested in how the Tiburtine people used aqueducts. This
article is quite useful to my research since it provides detailed
information about the topic at hand. It provides reliable
statistical data and information about how Tiburtine territory
utilized the aqueducts. The author used important historical
diagrams and resources to analyze his discussion and conclusion
about the topic. One deficiency in the article is that the author
only focuses on one major use of Roman aqueducts in society.
The article, however, provides a significant synopsis of how
innovating the equipment made life easier for the people. The
source varies from the other sources as it provides a critical
analysis of how villas benefited from the Roman aqueducts.
Lorenz, Wayne F., and Phillip J. Wolfram. "Ancient water
quality: Roman engineering of the Barbegal Mill."
Journal (American Water Works Association)
104, no. 4 (2012): 78-84. Accessed June 11, 2021.
https://eds-a-
ebscohostcom.ezproxy.umgc.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=8&sid=3
c5da35f-0805-494c-a130-
d5c44f35dc75%40sessionmgr4007&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLW
xpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d %3d#AN=88856492&db=eih
The authors’ topic for this study is how early Roman
engineering played a role in the Barbegal design in Southern
France. This study's thesis focuses on how Roman's
development of a gear played a crucial role in the distribution
of water in Southern France. The study's methodology analysis
the relationship between Roman aqueducts and watermills. The
methodology also focuses on how the new water-supplying

4. technique benefited the local people. The authors primarily
focus on how early engineering played a crucial role in the
hydraulic machines in Southern France. In this case, Roman
engineering provided the needed power to run various hydraulic
controls. The other important point evident in the study relates
to how local engineers and other relevant people participated in
the distribution of water. The target audience for the study is
anyone researching or interested in how early Roman
engineering played a vital role in water mill modernization. The
limitation of the article is that the study relies on secondary
information for the discussion, meaning that the sources used
could potentially have some biases. The article is significant to
my study since it provides rich background on how early Roman
engineering helped in paving the way for modern water mills.
The study helps with my contemplation of Roman aqueducts
through the provision of thorough knowledge on water flow
engineering. This source is different from the other four sources
since it focuses on early Roman engineering and how it played a
crucial role in the Barbegal design in the South of France.
Cuomo, Serafina. “A Roman Engineer’s Tales.” Journal of
Roman Studies 101 (January 2011): 143–65. Accessed June 11,
2021
. https://eds-a-
ebscohostcom.ezproxy.umgc.edu/eds/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=3
c5da35f-0805-494c-a130-
d5c44f35dc75%40sessionmgr4007&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLW
xpdmUmc2NvcGU9c2l0ZQ%3d %3d#AN=74608734&db=ofm
The topic of this study focuses on a Roman Engineer by the
name of Nonius Datus and his role in designing aqueducts. The
author’s thesis on the study is evident from the start to the
finish of the article, as it focuses on the history of engineering
and how renowned engineers played a role in technology and
imperialism. The study's methodology analysis the relationship
between technical artifacts and antiquity of engineering on

5. Roman aqueducts. The article’s main points highlight the
history of engineering in Roman, the role of Nonius Datus in
engineering, and the deliberation of technology and
imperialism. Nonius Datus was a great engineer who pioneered
the design of the aqueduct in Algeria. The authors also explain
in detail the history of engineering during the second century
and the innovation of aqueducts in Algeria. Based on the
reading, the target audience for the study is scholars, students,
researchers, or anyone interested in ancient technology artifacts,
particularly in Roman history. This particular study is important
and useful for my study since it aligns with my topic on Roman
aqueducts. The authors of the study necessitate important
information about the history of engineering and the role played
by renowned engineers such as Nonius Datus. This article has
also proved essential in my understanding of Roman aqueducts
since it provides fine details about early engineering and how
engineers pioneered the construction of great structures in
history. The study varies from the other sources since it
primarily focuses on one renowned Roman engineer by the name
of Nonius Datus and his role in constructing aqueducts.
Lorenz, Wayne, Giacinto Libertini, Bruno Miccio, Nino Leone,
and Giovanni De Feo. “Prominent Features of the Augustan
Aqueduct in the Naples Bay Area.” Water Science &
Technology: Water Supply 18, no. 6 (November 2018): 1968–
75. Accessed June 11, 2021.
https://iwaponline.com/ws/article/18/6/1968/39306/Prominent-
features-of-the-Augustan-aqueduct-in-the
The topic of this study focuses on the prominent features of the
Augustan aqueduct and how Naples Bay benefited. The article’s
thesis primarily explores some of the renowned features of the
aqueducts and how they were utilized in ensuring water
distribution. The authors' methodology in the study examines
crucial topographies and how they furthered benefits to the
people of Naples Bay. The study shows that one of the main

6. uses of aqueducts included the facilitation and distribution of
water to the local people. The deep tunnels particularly
facilitated the easy distribution of water from the watershed to
various locations, resulting in the diversion of the transbasin
water supply. Each of the prominent features in the aqueducts
had unique uses in the provision of water to the public. Some of
the prominent features that the authors mention include
hydraulic chutes, baths, arcades, and storage reservoirs. One
deficiency evident in this article is that the researcher focuses
primarily on Roman aqueducts, yet he could have expounded the
research into other crucial equipment. The article was
significant as it provided a detailed analysis about Roman
aqueducts, including how it was used. The study also
necessitated a synopsis of how the innovation of water flow
made life easier in the ancient times. The source varies from the
other four sources since it primarily deals with Roman
aqueducts and how its different features benefited the people of
Naples Bay Area.
References
Chanson, Hubert. "Hydraulics of Roman aqueducts: steep
chutes, cascades, and dropshafts."
American Journal of Archaeology
(2000): 47-72.
Cuomo, Serafina. “A Roman Engineer’s Tales.” Journal of
Roman Studies 101 (January 2011): 143–65.
Evans, Harry B. "In Tiburtium usum: special arrangements in
the Roman water system (Frontinus, Aq. 6.5)."
American journal of archaeology
(1993): 447-455.
Lorenz, Wayne F., and Phillip J. Wolfram. "Ancient water
quality: Roman engineering of the Barbegal Mill."

7. Journal (American Water Works Association)
104, no. 4 (2012): 78-84.
Lorenz, Wayne, Giacinto Libertini, Bruno Miccio, Nino Leone,
and Giovanni De Feo. “Prominent Features of the Augustan
Aqueduct in the Naples Bay Area.” Water Science &
Technology: Water Supply 18, no. 6 (November 2018): 1968–
75.