This document discusses electronic batch records (EBRs) and their role in creating a fully digital pharmaceutical manufacturing environment that complies with regulations. It explains that batch manufacturing records (BMRs) have traditionally documented pharmaceutical production batches but that EBRs are now replacing manual records. EBRs can be generated directly from manufacturing equipment and help automate documentation, remove errors, and improve consistency while ensuring compliance with data integrity standards for electronic records.

1. Electronic Batch Records for Digital Pharmaceutical
Compliance
Electronic Batch Record | EBR | Batch Manufacturing Record | BMR | Good Manufacturing Practices |
GMP This white paper is about Electronic Batch Records (EBR) and the role they play in creating a fully
digital pharmaceutical manufacturing environment that complies with 21 CFR Part 11.
For many years pharmaceutical manufacturing companies have produced drugs, medicines, and
therapeutics in large batches to control the economics of the final product. Producing large batches
enables the manufacturer to keep tight control over the product formulation process with control over
quantities and processes.
Batch Manufacturing Records (commonly known as EBR’s) have been the backbone of lot and batch
traceability for pharmaceutical companies for decades and have been a vital part of the manufacturing
due diligence process to meet strict regulatory standards. This document explains the basics of
formulation processes and how batch records are utilized by pharmaceutical manufacturers to create a
paperless and credible traceability process that stands up to the pharmaceutical regulations.
What is a Batch Manufacturing Record (BMR)?
After a batch has been formulated in production (often a combination of weighed, bagged, and bulk
ingredients), all the steps will need to be documented. A Batch Manufacturing Record (BMR) provides
the documentation which lists out, step by step the ingredient quantities added to the batch. Extra data
such as dates added, supplier and internal lot codes, the operator responsible, date & time, location,
etc.
All the data captured provides the manufacturer with batch traceability in addition to proving Good
Manufacturing Practices (GMP) have been adhered to. GMP requirements include formulation
sequences, standard operating procedures, mixing instructions, and basically anything that’s pertinent
to showing that the operator has followed a structured batch manufacturing process.

2. There is an enormous amount of variability in drug manufacturing processes which is largely centered
around the manufacturing batch size (all of which should be detailed within an electronic batch record
(EBR) – see section below). Many manufacturers rely on hand weighing using small precision balances
for the active ingredients while using heavy capacity weighing equipment / PLC controlled bulk handling
equipment for the less critical ingredients. The equipment used during the process is almost entirely
driven by the desired batch size.
Obviously, the more complex the manufacturing process, the more challenging the Batch Manufacturing
Record keeping process becomes. This complexity has created a need for more automation and less
room for error in manufacturing.
Manual Batch Manufacturing Records are still very common today (to demonstrate Good Manufacturing
Practices (GMP) in addition to verified traceability), but their credibility can be suspect and expensive to
produce – often requiring supervisors to watch and document a batch process that is already being
recorded by a batch production operator. This cost has created an opportunity for fully electronic batch
records, known as EBR’s.
What is an Electronic Batch Records (EBR)?
Batch manufacturing processes can be complex, time-consuming, and lengthy. Pharmaceutical
manufacturers are now implementing computerized systems to provide automatically generated
Electronic Batch Records, or EBR’s for short.

4. Electronic Batch Records (see sample above) are formally replacing the manual Batch Manufacturing
Records with a digital version in compliance with 21 CFR Part 11. EBR’s can take their data from the
manufacturing equipment directly (scales and weighing equipment connected to formulation software,
barcode scanners for ingredient & lot validation, label printers for human readable WIP batch
serialization).
Electronic Batch Record Software
Controlling the electronic batch record processes with V5 Traceability from SG Systems Global, helps
manufacturers of all kinds to eliminate human error & remove batch paperwork. Pharmaceutical
manufacturers can leverage a system that meets the legislative requirements (providing technical
compliance with 21 CFR Part 11) while improving batch consistency and improving quality.
Compliance with ALCOA+ Criteria for Data Integrity
V5 Electronic Batch Record EBR System complies with the original five criteria used for data integrity
based on the acronym ALCOA that was developed in the 1980s by an FDA inspector and also with the
expanded ALCOA+ from 2010. All of which contribute to the Electronic Batch Record concept.
See the nine-point criteria listed and summarized below:
Attributable Identification of the individual who performed an activity and the date that they
performed. Time is also applicable with a computerized system and time zone if a system spans time
zones.
Legible Can you read and understand the electronic data together with any associated metadata or all
written entries on paper? Legible should also extend to any original data that has been changed or
modified by an authorized individual so that the original entry is not obscured.
Contemporaneous Documented (on paper or electronically) at the time of activity.
Original A written observation or printout, or a certified or verified copy thereof, or an electronic record
including all metadata of an activity.
Accurate No errors in the original observation(s) and no editing without documented
amendments/audit trail entries by authorized personnel. Any instrumentation used is qualified and
calibrated within acceptance criteria.
Complete All data from analysis including any data generated before a problem is observed, data
generated after repeating part or all of the work or reanalysis performed. For hybrid systems, the paper
output must be linked to the underlying electronic records used to produce it.
Consistent All elements of the GMP record such as the sequence of events are consistent and do not
contradict each other. Entries are date (all processes) and time (sometimes paper records and all using a
hybrid or electronic systems) stamped in the expected order.
Enduring Recorded on Authorized media e.g., numbered worksheets for which there is accountability or
electronic media that can last throughout the record retention period.

5. Available The complete collection of records can be accessed or retrieved for review and audit or
inspection over the lifetime of the record.
Computer System Validation
As part of the installation of V5 Traceability, SG Systems Global can provide you with system-specific
documentation to address IQ/OQ within a fast timeframe.
Further information – for additional information on V5 Traceability and it’s Electronic Batch Record |
EBR | Batch Manufacturing Record | BMR | Good Manufacturing Practices | GMP applications, please
contact https://sgsystemsglobal.com/. For a deep dive into 21 CFR Part 11 and computer systems
validation, please visit here