This document discusses tidal energy power plants. It describes how tides are caused by gravitational forces from the sun and moon. There are two main types of tidal power generation: tidal barrages and tidal stream generation. Tidal barrages involve constructing a dam to create a tidal reservoir, while tidal stream generation uses underwater turbines in areas of strong tidal currents. India has an estimated tidal power potential of 12,455 MW across sites in Gujarat, Tamil Nadu, and West Bengal. Currently tidal energy is still in the research phase and has not been implemented commercially in India.

1. OCEAN TIDAL
ENERGY POWER PLANTS
- K.S.SAMPATHKUMAR(
2019502543)

2. I would like to thank Dr.A.Jayanth Joseph for hand
holding us through this course on renewable energy.
You have been instrumental in helping us
understand the aspects of renewable energy in a
simple manner .
Thank You Sir .

3. WHAT ARE TIDES
Tides are the periodic rise and fall of the oceans water level,
once or twice a day, caused by the combined effects of the
gravitational forces exerted by the sun, the moon and the
rotation of the earth.

5. Types of Tides :

6. Semi-Diurnal Tides
A semi-diurnal tidal cycle is the one with two nearly equal high
tides and two low tides each day. The interval between the high
and the low tides is of around 12 hours and 25 minutes. Semi-
Diurnal Tides are most widespread in the Indian Ocean.
Diurnal Tides
It means four tides in a day. Two tides by the sun and two by
the moon. Spring Tide It is an exceptionally high tide generated
by the complementary factor played by the Sun with respect to
the moon.

7. Spring Tides
Spring tides are formed when the sun and the moon are in line with each
other and pull the ocean surface in the same direction. This leads to higher
high tides and lowers low tides and such tide is called a spring tide. In a lunar
month, it occurs twice. It is also known by the name of ‘King Tide.’

8. Neap Tides
It occurs seven days after the spring tide. The prominent point is that the sun
and the moon are at the right angle to each other. This tide occurs during the
first and the last quarter of the moon. The gravitational pull of the moon and
the resulting oceanic bulge is cancelled out by the gravitational pull of the sun
and its resulting oceanic bulge. Also, in contrast to spring tides, the high tides
are ‘lower’ and the low tides are comparatively ‘higher’ in neap tides

9. TIDAL POWER PLANT
Tidal Barrage – A Tidal Barrage is a type of tidal power generation that involves the
construction of a fairly low dam wall, known as a “barrage” and hence its name, across
the entrance of a tidal inlet or basin creating a tidal reservoir.
This dam has a number of underwater tunnels cut into its width allowing sea water to
flow through them in a controllable way using “sluice gates”. Fixed within the tunnels are
huge water turbine generators that spin as the water rushes past them generating tidal
electricity.
A tidal barrage generates electricity using the difference in the vertical height between
the incoming high tides and the outgoing low tides. As the tide ebbs and flows, sea water
is allowed to flow in or out of the reservoir through a one way underwater tunnel system.
This flow of tidal water back and forth causes the water turbine generators located
within the tunnels to rotate producing tidal energy with special generators used to
produce electricity on both the incoming and the outgoing tides.

10. TIDAL BARRAGE TYPE DIAGRAM :

11. Tidal Stream – A Tidal Stream Generation system reduces some of the
environmental effects of tidal barrages by using turbine generators beneath the
surface of the water. Major tidal flows and ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream,
can be exploited to extract its tidal energy using underwater rotors and turbines.
Tidal stream generation is very similar in principle to wind power generation,
except this time water currents flow across a turbines rotor blades which rotates
the turbine, much like how wind currents turn the blades for wind power
turbines. In fact, tidal stream generation areas on the sea bed can look just like
underwater wind farms.

13. TIDAL ENERGY IN INDIA
The tidal power potential is estimated at around 12,455 MW.
The potential areas with low/medium tidal wave strength are in the Gulf of
Khambat, Gulf of Kutch & southern regions in Gujarat, Palk Bay- Mannar
Channel in Tamil Nadu, and Hoogly river, South Haldia & Sunderbans in West
Bengal.
Tidal energy is still in Research & Development (R&D) phase and has not been
implemented on a commercial scale in India.

14. WORLD SCENARIO & OPERATIONAL PLANTS
Tidal energy production is still in its infancy. The amount of power produced
so far has been small. There are very few commercial-sized tidal power plants
operating in the world.
The first was located in La Rance, France(240MW). The largest facility is the
Sihwa Lake Tidal Power Station in South Korea (254MW).
The United States has no tidal plants and only a few sites where tidal energy
could be produced at a reasonable price. China, France, England, Canada, and
Russia have much more potential to use this type of energy.

16. Advantages and Disadvantages of Tidal Energy
Some advantages of tidal energy are:
● Environment-friendly
● A highly predictable energy source
● High energy density
● Operational and maintenance costs are low
● An inexhaustible source of energy
Some of the disadvantages of tidal energy are:
● High tidal power plant construction costs
● Negative influence on marine life forms
● Location limits
● The variable intensity of sea waves