Fast, affordable seismic tools are enabling more widespread use of seismic data for ongoing development operations. Seismic attributes can serve as proxies for reservoir characteristics that influence productivity, such as natural fractures. New approaches like Well Productivity Analysis and modular seismic acquisition aim to leverage seismic data to predict production and identify opportunities for infill drilling, refracting, and improved completions - making seismic a standard operational tool.

1. Fast, Actionable and Affordable –
making seismic a standard tool for
ongoing development operations
Ross Peebles
Global Geophysical
03 March 2016
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2. CEO Perspective on 2016
2016 is a brutal year of great opportunity
everything is focused, necessary and meaningful
Objectives:
• Build a sustainable business
• Live in the now and plan for the future
• Gather great people
• Do interesting and fun work
• Demonstrate that you can perform and improve
• Be significant and impactful to your customers
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

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Innovation and Adoption
What did Ballmer not get?
The iPhone is much, much more than a phone – it is an instant
gratification device – fast, easy access to people and information
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4. Innovation and Adoption
When is Seismic much more than Seismic...
When it becomes an “instant gratification tool”, quickly
and easily used for every day analysis and decisions
Well Prospectivity & Productivity Analysis-Seismic-based Analytics
Ambient Seismic – Fractures and Production - Time Lapse
Modular Seismic – A New Acquisition-Processing Approach
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016
Seismic is mostly a mid to long-term planning resource
rich, dense data type channeled through specialists and studies –
expensive and its takes a long time to go from data collection to
actionable information

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6. – BriRle/Duc;le Quality
– Differen;al Stress
– Stress Field Orienta;on
– Faults & Natural Fractures
– Porosity
– Thickness
– TOC
– Facies
– Oil & Water Satura;on
– Pressure
Resource / Reservoir Characteristics
that drive productivity
Sta9c & Dynamic Proxies
for Producibility
Can we find proxies for
these characteris9cs in
seismic a6ributes?
How do we capture the
cumula0ve effect?
How do we include
engineering data?
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

7. Well Prospectivity & Productivity Analysis (WPPA)
(workflow based on a seismically constrained multivariate analysis)
Multivariate Analysis - a
simultaneous statistical
analysis of multiple
variables (attributes) to
predict a known metric

8. Seismic-based Analytics – Wolfcamp Example
8
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9. 9
Source: Laredo Petroleum
Investor Presenta9on, Apr 2015 Wolfcamp Example–Permian Basin

10. 10
Predicted Produc9on = 34,487; Actual Produc9on = 38,430
Source: Laredo Petroleum
Investor Presenta9on, Apr 2015

11. Seismic Attributes
1. Azimuthal Anisotropy
proxy for fractures & stress
2. Kpos Curvature
proxy for fractures & faults
3. Mu (rigidity)
proxy for Bri4le/Duc7le
4. Dominant Frequency
proxy for forma7on thickness
41 Wells; 200 mi2
CC = 0.883
WPPA - Multivariate Analysis for Operations
3-month Water-Oil Ratio (WOR) – Eagle Ford
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

12. 3 Month WOR – Stage-level Prediction
Comparison of Model to PLT – Eagle Ford
(PLT = Production Logging Tool)
Stage 20
Stage 16
Well Data
PLT - WATER
Model
WOR-Water
Stage 20
Stage 16
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

13. WPPA - Wolfcamp – University Lands 3D
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*bAAPG Bulletin, v. 89, no. 5 (May 2005), pp. 553–576c*
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•! 356 mi2 of 3D Seismic
•! 45 Seismic Attributes
•! 46 Wells
Production data from 21 wells
used for initial modeling
Blind test with:
•! 8 Vertical Wells
•! 17 Horizontal Wells
3 Primary Performance
Indicators:
•! Curvature (RMS & Kdip)
•! 24-28Hz SpecD
•! 10-14Hz SpecD

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WPPA - Wolfcamp – University Lands 3D
Multivariate Models – 3-month oil per foot

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WPPA - Wolfcamp – University Lands 3D
Missed Pay and Refrac Candidates

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WPPA - Wolfcamp – University Lands 3D
Identifying Refrac and Sidetrack Candidates

17. – BriRle/Duc;le Quality
– Differen;al Stress
– Stress Field Orienta;on
– Faults & Natural Fractures
– Porosity
– Thickness
– TOC
– Facies
– Oil & Water Satura;on
– Pressure
Resource / Reservoir Characteristics
that drive productivity
Sta9c & Dynamic Proxies
for Producibility
Can we find proxies for
these characteris9cs in
seismic a6ributes?
How do we capture the
cumula0ve effect?
How do we include
engineering data?
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

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19. 19
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016
Azimuthal Anisotropy with 12-month Cum Gas
Production – 79 Eagle Ford Wells – base Eagle Ford
High magnitude
azimuthal
anisotropy may
iden9fy fractures,
differen9al stress,
overpressure
80 mi2 / 207 km2
GGS – Patron Grande 3D
McMullen County

20. 20
Azimuthal Anisotropy vs Gas Production
Log-log plot
Azimuthal Anisotropy
3 Month Gas
CC: 0.173
Rank CC: 0.299
79 wells
Short-term produc9on
is the result of many
influences 20
Log-log plot
Azimuthal Anisotropy
12 Month Gas
CC: 0.673
Rank CC: 0.724
79 wells
Long-term produc9on
is driven by the natural
fracture network
90-day Cum Gas 12-month Cum Gas

21. Ambient Seismic – Before, During, & After
Acous9cally Ac9ve
Volume During Produc9on
Ambient Seismic
Recorded During S9mula9on
Induced Seismicity
Volume During Frac
Natural Seismicity Reveals
Ac9ve Natural Fractures
Ambient Seismic Recorded
Months Ager Frac
Ambient Seismic
Recorded Before Frac

22. `D`*<.3*
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Ambient Seismic collected during 3D Seismic
Acquisition in the Midland Basin
Cumulative Semblance Volume & Fracture Images over 8 days
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Before Frac
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Ambient Seismic Recorded during Frac and
Twice during Production (Active Production Volume)

26. Potential Production Volume
(PPV) vs
Observed Active Production
Volumes (APV)
PPV - (in grey)
Imaged 2 months before well was
drilled
APV - (in blue)
Imaged over the first 2.5 years of
production
Potential Production Volume
Imaged 2 months before well was
Imaged over the first 2.5 years of
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Ambient Seismic Recorded Before Drilling
and During Production

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Ambient Seismic Acquisition
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AutoSeis – Nodal Acquisition

29. Seismic for Pad-based Opera9ons
(drilling, comple;ons, re-comple;ons)
29
• New, innova;ve 3D design makes acquisi;on fast and
affordable – days rather than months in the field
• Nodal acquisi;on is fast and leaves minimal
environmental footprint – easier permilng;
happier landowners
• Acquire both ac;ve and ambient seismic to
maximize the understanding of faults, fractures and
stress fields
• Quick delivery of high resolu;on fault images and
rock property aRributes – ;mely and ac;onable
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

30. Modular Seismic
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Modular Seismic – Patch Comparison
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32. Modular Seismic – Time Comparison
better data; twice as fast (7 vs 3.6 months)
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ACQUISITION
AMBIENT
PROCESSING
INVERSION
ACQUISITION
AMBIENT
PROCESSING
INVERSION
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33. Summary
• Productivity is a function of the interplay of many static and
dynamic characteristics – natural fractures can be primary
• Seismic attributes (3D and Ambient) can be proxies for
these characteristics
• You can use seismic to generate predictive 3D models of
reservoir properties and production
• Seismic (3D and Ambient) can be acquired, processed and
analyzed in efficient modules at well, pad and large scale
• Seismic (3D and Ambient) can be applied as a standard
operational tool to reduce performance risk, reduce cost
and optimize spend and production
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016

34. Special Thanks to:
• Tom Fleure, Global Geophysical, Houston
• Chad Baillie, Global Geophysical, Denver
• Jan Vermilye, Global Geophysical, Denver
• Oliver Pfost, Global Geophysical, Houston
• Laredo Petroleum
Peebles-Global Geophysical Services-2016