2. AIM – AT THE END OF THE SEMINAR GROUP WILL ABLE
TO HAVE KNOWLEDGE ABOUT INFLAMMATORY BOWEL
DISEASE.
OBJECTIVES- At the end of the seminar class will be able
to
Define about inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Enlist the types of inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Explain the Etiology of Inflammatory Bowel Disease.
Describe the pathophysiology of Inflammatory Bowel
Disease.
List down the clinical manifestation.
Discribe the Management of Inflammatory Bowel
3. INTRODUCTION
• Inflammatory bowel disease(IBD)represents a group of
intestinal disorders that cause prolonged inflammation of the
digestive tract.
• It is a spectrum of chronic idiopathic
• Inflammatory condition.
4. DEFINITION
Inflammatory bowel disease is a term for
two condition i.e Crohn’s Disease and
Ulcerative Collitis that are characterised
by chronic inflammation of
gastrointestinal tract.
6. • Chron’s disease:
Crohn’s disease is a chronic,relapsing and remitting inflammatory
disease of the gastro intestinal tract,affectting any site from mouth to
anus.
7.
8. EPIDEMIOLOGY
• In the United States,it is currently estimated that about 1–1.3 million
people suffer from IBD.
• Ulcerative colitis is slightly more commoninmales, while Crohn’s disease
is more frequent in women.
• Diet,oral contraceptives, perinatal and childhood infections,or atypical
mycobacterial infections have been suggested,but not proven,to play a
role in developing IBD.
11. CLINICAL MANIFESTATIONS
• Clinical symptoms are same in both case.
• Diarrhoea
• Abdominal pain, cramping & bloating due to bowel obstruction
• Hematochezia: Blood in stool
• Low fever
• Decreased appetite
• Weight loss and anorexia
• Fatigue
• Arthritis
13. GOALS OF TREATMENT -
• Maintain or improve quality of life.
• Terminate the acute attack and induce clinical remission.
• Prevent symptoms during chronic symptomatic periods.
• Prevent or reduce complication.
• Use the most cost-effective drug treatment.
• Avoid surgery if possible.
• Replacement of vitamin A,D,K if necessary in case of
malabsorption.
14.
15. SURGERY FOR ULCERATIVE COLITIS
• Proctocolectomy (removing the colon and rectum)with ileostomy:If UC is
severe,surgery may be required to remove the entire colon and rectum,plus
bring the ileum(end of the small intestine)through astoma(opening)in the
abdominal wall to allow drainage of intestinal waste out of the body.These
cond part of the procedure is called ileostomy.After the procedure,an
external bag must be worn over the opening to collect waste.
• Restorative proctocolectomy-also known as ileoanal pouch anal
anastomosis(IPAA):It involves removing the colonan drectum,but the patient
can continue to pass stool through the anus—in place of anileostomy,the
ileum is fashion edintoapouch and pulled down and connected to the anus.
16. SURGERY FOR CROHN’S DISEASE -
• Strictureplasty:If an area of the bowel narrows,this widensthe area
without removing any portion of the small intestine.
• Resection(removing portions of the intestines):This involves
removing affected areas of the intestine,and then joining together
the two ends of healthy intestine in a procedure called anastomosis.
• Colectomy(removing the colon)or proctocolectomy(removing the
colon and rectum):If only the colon is affected,a colectomy may be
needed.But if the colon and rectum are affected, aproctocolectomy
may be needed,along with ileostomy—bringing the ileum(end of the
small intestine)through astoma(opening)in the abdominal wall to
allowd rainage of intestinal waste out of the body.After the
procedure,an external bag must be worn over the opening to collect
waste.
18. NURSING MANAGEMENT
• Nursing care management of patients with inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) includes control
of diarrhea and promoting optimal bowel function; minimize or prevent complications; promote
optimal nutrition, and provide information about the disease process and treatment needs.
1.Diarrhea.
2.Risk for Deficient Fluid Volume.
3.Anxiety.
4.Acute Pain.
5. Imbalanced Nutrition: Less Than Body Requirements
6.Deficient Knowledge.
19. RESEARCH-
The dietary practices and beliefs of people living with inactive ulcerative colitis
Benjamin Crooksa,b,c, John McLaughlina,b, Katsuyoshi Matsuokad, Taku Kobayashie, Hajime Yamazakif and Jimmy K. Limdia,c,g
CONCLUSION-
This is the largest study to date reporting on dietary practices and beliefs of people living with
inactive ulcerative colitis. Individuals with clinically quiescent disease continue to demonstrate
significant dietary beliefs and food avoidance behaviours with a high level of consistency.
Foods that can clearly trigger functional gastrointestinal symptoms appear to be most
commonly avoided along with fatty and spicy foods, red meat, carbonated drinks and sweet
products. Dietary research in IBD remains fraught with challenges. Strong patient interest will
serve as an appropriate impetus and driver for further research. Meanwhile, clinicians involved
with the care of people with IBD must aim to provide recommendations based on best
available evidence and through the lens of multi-disciplinary expertise.
