SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 16
NORTH KOREA
“THE HERMIT KINGDOM”
Presented by:-
RITESH KUMAR
DORA
INTRODUCTION
 Currency – North Korean Won
 Capital – Pyongyang
 Population – Around 2.5 cr.
 Economy Type – Closed Economy
 Leadership type – Autocratic
 Borders Shared – China, Russia and South Korea.
 Party – Worker’s Party Of North Korea.
LEADERS
 Kim Il-Sung Eternal President
(1948-1994)
 Kim Jong-il (1995-2011)
 Kim Jong-Un (2012- )
Egregious Facts
 TV has only 3 channels.
 There is only one party to vote (WPK).
 Wearing Jeans and reading bible is illegal.
 Punishment – 3 Generation punishment rule.
 Common people can neither buy a car nor live in
the capital.
FIREPOWER AND STRENGTHS
 4th largest active army
(1 .21 million)
 Possess 30-35
Nuclear weapons.
 Working on a new missile Unha -3 (10,400miles).
 Recent nuclear test of 100 kilotons (Nagasaki-
20kt).
HOW DO THEY FINANCE
COAL- Sells $1.6 mil. tons of coal to China every
year.
CLOTHING- 18% exports,$725 ml sold last year.
MINING & INDUSTRY-35% of total exports.
FORCED LABOUR
 Earns $2.3 bl. From overseas labour.
 More than 80,000 workers sold to China, Russia
and Middle East countries.
 Kim takes half of their salary and in some cases
70% salary is contributed to party fund.
•Cyber heist on Bangladesh central bank $81 bl.
•2014, Sony pictures was hacked by “GOP” to
pull down “INTERVIEW” film and threatened to
share unreleased films and data of employees.
BLACK MARKET TRADING
 Arms deal to Africa , Iraq, Syria ,Turkey,
Afghanistan and many more.
 Illegal Drugs is carried out in
‘Jangmadang’ (black market).
THANK YOU

More Related Content

Recently uploaded

一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 
原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作
原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作
原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作uotyyd
 
Financial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdf
Financial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdfFinancial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdf
Financial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdfmukul381940
 
一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 
Bahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttx
Bahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttxBahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttx
Bahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttxAbdulNasirNichari
 
DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024
DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024
DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024DSP Mutual Fund
 
一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 
NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...
NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...
NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...Amil baba
 
一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 
L1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdf
L1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdfL1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdf
L1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdfmiladsojoudi211
 
Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability and
Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability  andManaging personal finances wisely for financial stability  and
Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability andraqibmifysolutions
 
一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 
Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023
Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023
Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023Paperjam_redaction
 
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...indexPub
 
一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdf
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdfDiversification in Investment Portfolio.pdf
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdfVighnesh Shashtri
 
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书atedyxc
 

Recently uploaded (20)

SAUDI ARABIYA | +966572737505 |Jeddah Get Cytotec pills for Abortion pills
SAUDI ARABIYA | +966572737505 |Jeddah Get Cytotec pills for Abortion pillsSAUDI ARABIYA | +966572737505 |Jeddah Get Cytotec pills for Abortion pills
SAUDI ARABIYA | +966572737505 |Jeddah Get Cytotec pills for Abortion pills
 
一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(Concordia毕业证书)康卡迪亚大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
 
原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作
原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作
原版一模一样(bu文凭证书)美国贝翰文大学毕业证文凭证书制作
 
Financial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdf
Financial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdfFinancial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdf
Financial Accounting and Analysis balancesheet.pdf
 
DIGITAL COMMERCE SHAPE VIETNAMESE SHOPPING HABIT IN 4.0 INDUSTRY
DIGITAL COMMERCE SHAPE VIETNAMESE SHOPPING HABIT IN 4.0 INDUSTRYDIGITAL COMMERCE SHAPE VIETNAMESE SHOPPING HABIT IN 4.0 INDUSTRY
DIGITAL COMMERCE SHAPE VIETNAMESE SHOPPING HABIT IN 4.0 INDUSTRY
 
一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSD毕业证书)加利福尼亚大学圣迭戈分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
 
Bahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttx
Bahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttxBahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttx
Bahawalpur Culture.pptx pptx pptx pttx pttx
 
DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024
DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024
DSP Gold ETF Fund of Fund PPT - April'2024
 
一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(SFU毕业证书)西蒙菲莎大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
 
NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...
NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...
NO1 Top Vashikaran Specialist in Uk Black Magic Specialist in Uk Black Magic ...
 
一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UMich毕业证书)密歇根大学安娜堡分校毕业证成绩单学位证书
 
L1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdf
L1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdfL1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdf
L1 2024 Prequisite QM persion milad1371.pdf
 
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT VIETTEL TELECOM GROUP
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT VIETTEL TELECOM GROUPSTRATEGIC MANAGEMENT VIETTEL TELECOM GROUP
STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT VIETTEL TELECOM GROUP
 
Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability and
Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability  andManaging personal finances wisely for financial stability  and
Managing personal finances wisely for financial stability and
 
一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(UCSB毕业证书)圣塔芭芭拉社区大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
 
Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023
Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023
Rapport annuel de Encevo Group pour l'année 2023
 
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...
ASSESSING HRM EFFECTIVENESS AND PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT MEASURES IN THE BANKI...
 
一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(WashU毕业证书)圣路易斯华盛顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
 
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdf
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdfDiversification in Investment Portfolio.pdf
Diversification in Investment Portfolio.pdf
 
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
一比一原版(BU毕业证书)波士顿大学毕业证成绩单学位证书
 

Featured

Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024Neil Kimberley
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)contently
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024Albert Qian
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsKurio // The Social Media Age(ncy)
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Tessa Mero
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentLily Ray
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...RachelPearson36
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Applitools
 
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at WorkGetSmarter
 

Featured (20)

Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsProduct Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage Engineerings
 
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthHow Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental Health
 
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfAI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdf
 
Skeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture CodeSkeleton Culture Code
Skeleton Culture Code
 
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
PEPSICO Presentation to CAGNY Conference Feb 2024
 
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
Content Methodology: A Best Practices Report (Webinar)
 
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
How to Prepare For a Successful Job Search for 2024
 
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie InsightsSocial Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
Social Media Marketing Trends 2024 // The Global Indie Insights
 
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024
 
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summary
 
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd
 
Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next Getting into the tech field. what next
Getting into the tech field. what next
 
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search IntentGoogle's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
Google's Just Not That Into You: Understanding Core Updates & Search Intent
 
How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations How to have difficult conversations
How to have difficult conversations
 
Introduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data ScienceIntroduction to Data Science
Introduction to Data Science
 
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity -  Best PracticesTime Management & Productivity -  Best Practices
Time Management & Productivity - Best Practices
 
The six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project managementThe six step guide to practical project management
The six step guide to practical project management
 
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
Beginners Guide to TikTok for Search - Rachel Pearson - We are Tilt __ Bright...
 
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
Unlocking the Power of ChatGPT and AI in Testing - A Real-World Look, present...
 
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
12 Ways to Increase Your Influence at Work
 

North korea -The hermit kingdom

  • 1. NORTH KOREA “THE HERMIT KINGDOM” Presented by:- RITESH KUMAR DORA
  • 2. INTRODUCTION  Currency – North Korean Won  Capital – Pyongyang  Population – Around 2.5 cr.  Economy Type – Closed Economy  Leadership type – Autocratic
  • 3.  Borders Shared – China, Russia and South Korea.  Party – Worker’s Party Of North Korea.
  • 5.  Kim Il-Sung Eternal President (1948-1994)  Kim Jong-il (1995-2011)  Kim Jong-Un (2012- )
  • 7.  TV has only 3 channels.  There is only one party to vote (WPK).  Wearing Jeans and reading bible is illegal.  Punishment – 3 Generation punishment rule.  Common people can neither buy a car nor live in the capital.
  • 9.  4th largest active army (1 .21 million)  Possess 30-35 Nuclear weapons.
  • 10.  Working on a new missile Unha -3 (10,400miles).  Recent nuclear test of 100 kilotons (Nagasaki- 20kt).
  • 11. HOW DO THEY FINANCE
  • 12. COAL- Sells $1.6 mil. tons of coal to China every year. CLOTHING- 18% exports,$725 ml sold last year. MINING & INDUSTRY-35% of total exports.
  • 13. FORCED LABOUR  Earns $2.3 bl. From overseas labour.  More than 80,000 workers sold to China, Russia and Middle East countries.  Kim takes half of their salary and in some cases 70% salary is contributed to party fund.
  • 14. •Cyber heist on Bangladesh central bank $81 bl. •2014, Sony pictures was hacked by “GOP” to pull down “INTERVIEW” film and threatened to share unreleased films and data of employees.
  • 15. BLACK MARKET TRADING  Arms deal to Africa , Iraq, Syria ,Turkey, Afghanistan and many more.  Illegal Drugs is carried out in ‘Jangmadang’ (black market).