This ppt described the theories of the evolution of the state. there is the brief description of the state and its origin from some theories.

1. STATE AND THEORIES OF EVOLUTION OF THE
STATE

2. STATE
The expression state is derived from the Latin word/term ‘status’
witch means standing; i.e. position of a person or a body of
persons.
It is difficult to give a precise definition of state because different
political thinkers and jurists have defined it in different ways.

3. VIEWS BY MANY JURISTS
WOODROW WILSON: State as a people organised for law within a definite territory.
DALLAS: A state is a body of free persons, united together for the common benefit to enjoy peaceably
what is their own, and to do justice to others.
OPPENHEIM: A state proper is in existence when a people is settled in a country under its own
sovereign government.
SALMOND: state or political society is an association of human beings establish for attainment of
certain ends by certain means.
KEETON: State is a political society as it is an association for political ends which distinguishes the
state from other great communities of persons e.g. Church, A trade union.

4. 1.DIVINE THEORY
2.NATURAL THEORY
3.SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY
4.PATRIARCHAL THEORY
5.MATRIARCHAL THEORY
DIVINE THEORY: State come from Divine power.
Ruler-Agent of the God.
Theories: Evolution of the state

5. NATURAL THEORY: State is created itself by way of nature.
Social Contract Theory: followers of this are Hobbes,
Locke and Rousseau.
Acc. To them, we were not civilised.
People contract with the King for that to do work in public
welfare.

6. PATRIARCHAL THEORY: follower- HENRY MAINE
State- from families ; male is head of family.
Acc. To Henry:
1. the family was based on permanent marriage & kin
relationship.
2. The state is a collection of persons descending
from the progenitor of an original family.
 Support his theory by adducing the family history
of the Hebrews, Aryans of India

7. MATRIARCHAL THEORY: Propounded by
Anthropologists Mchennan & Morgan
State- not from family but from Horde
(Group of People)
Family consists of son & daughter of mother

8. Thanks & Submitted by:
RAHUL YADAV
FACULTY OF LAW , MDU, ROHTAK