Here are 5 research topics with the appropriate quantitative research design identified: Research Topic Research Design 1. Examining the relationship between study time and exam scores of college students. Correlational 2. Determining the effect of a new teaching method on student performance. Quasi-experimental 3. Describing stress levels among nursing students throughout their program of study. Descriptive 4. Comparing graduation rates between public and private high schools. Comparative 5. Investigating the impact of an exercise intervention on depression symptoms. True experimental

3. Welcome to
PRACTICAL
RESEARCH 2
Ruel D. Licanto
Subject Teacher

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9. REBUS
INSTRUCTION:
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32. Learning Competency
Describe the characteristics,
strengths, weaknesses, and kinds
of
quantitative research (CS_RS12-
la-c-1)

33. The Characteristics,
Strengths, Weaknesses,
and Kinds of Quantitative
Research

34. Pretest.
Direction: Choose the letter of the correct answer.
Use a ½ sheet of paper.

41. What is Quantitative Research?
•Quantitative Research is a
systematic empirical investigation of
occurrences that are observable
using statistical, mathematical, or
computational techniques. The
objective of this kind of research is
to employ theories, models, and
hypotheses to test the phenomena.
Quantitative research is numerical in
nature. Meanings and results are
expressed using numerals that show
the specificity of something.
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42. What is Quantitative
Research?
•Quantitative Research directs
you to focus on things through
statistics which denotes the
collection and interpretation
of numerical data gathered
through examining facts and
information about a person,
thing, place, or events.
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What are the Characteristics of Quantitative
Research?
•Structured Research Instrument: Data used in Quantitative
Research are gathered using structured research instruments. This
helps in collecting in-depth and actionable data based on results.
•Sample Size: Quantitative research is conducted on a significant
sample size that represents the population to assure the reliability
of results. Appropriate sampling methods are used as well to
fortify the objective.
•Replicable: The study could be repeated which gives a high
reliability of results.

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•Clearly Defined Questions: The researcher has clearly defined
research questions to which objective answers are sought.
•Numerical: Data are in the form of numbers and statistics that are
arranged in tables, charts, and figures or in other textual forms.
This makes it easy to understand and proves the validity of the
research.
•Objective: Quantitative research seeks accurate measurement and
analysis of target concepts.
•Generalization of Results: Results of this research method can be
generalized to take appropriate actions for improvement.

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A. Strengths of Quantitative Research
1.Quantitative Research allows you to reach a higher sample size.
This leads to an easier way to reach an accurate generalized
conclusion. The additional data gives you greater credibility because
it has more depth to review.
2.You can collect more information quickly when using
quantitative research. Experiments, surveys, and interviews provide
immediate answers that become useful from a data-centered
approach.
3.Quantitative Research uses randomized samples in collecting
information. This excludes bias from appearing in most situations.
It provides an advantage in the fact that the data can then get to the
rest of the demographic being studied.

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A. Strengths of Quantitative Research
4.Results duplication is possible. Quantitative research only
focuses on the actual data. The work validates itself because
the results always point towards the same data even though
randomized conditions exist.
5.Quantitative research can focus on facts or a series of
information. Researchers can use a quantitative approach to
focus on a specific fact that they want to study in a given
population.
6.Quantitative approach does not require direct observation.
The study can be done without the need of someone. This
advantage creates a better response rate because people have
more time and less pressure to complete the work.

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B. Weakness of Quantitative Research
1.This method does not consider the meaning behind social
phenomenon. It does not care about the motives that people have when
sharing an opinion or making decisions.
2.Quantitative research studies can be very expensive. The money that
could be spent is a significant barrier to consider in conducting
quantitative research.
3.There is no access to specific feedback in quantitative research.
The statistics that researchers gather are useful for generalization but
cannot produce specific feedback incidents that allow positive refinement.
4.Some efforts at randomization will not create usable information.
The quantitative approach doesn’t look for the reason why variables exist
in specific environments.
5.Quantitative research requires a large sample makes it difficult to
gather data and makes this kind of research costly.

48. What are the kinds of quantitative research
designs?
Research design is considered as the
framework of research. It is termed as the “GLUE”
that holds each of the elements of research as
one. In other words, it is the plan of the proposed
research work. It is the overall strategy that is
being integrated into the different components of
the study in a coherent and logical way.
The function of the research design is to
ensure that the evidence obtained enables the
researcher to effectively address the problem as
unambiguously as possible. The problem that will
be answered in the research determines the kind
of research that should be used in the study.

49. What is Experimental Research?
Experimental Research is
quantitative research dealing with
the object or subject of research in
an exact manner and looking into
the extent of the effects or
influence of the treatment on the
subject, then discovering the cause
of such effect. There are two groups
involved in any experimental
research; the experimental group,
the one in which the treatment is
applied, and the control group,
which does not receive any
treatment.
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50. a. Pre-Experimental
Research Design
A group or various
groups are kept under
observation after
implementing factors of
cause and effect. This
research is done to
understand whether
further investigations are
necessary for particular
groups.
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51. B. True Experimental Research Design:
This type of research design relies on
statistical analysis to prove or disprove a
hypothesis, making it the most accurate
type of research. This type of research
can establish a cause-effect relationship
within a group. In a true experiment,
there are factors that need to be
considered:
• There is a control group that won’t be
subjected to changes and an
experimental group that will
experience the changed variables
• A variable that could be manipulated
by the researcher
• Random Distribution
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52. C. Quasi-Experimental
Research Design:
The word “quasi” indicates
similarity. In this research, an
independent variable is
manipulated but the
participants of the group are
not randomly assigned.
Quasi-research is used in
field settings where random
assignment is either
irrelevant or not required.
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53. What is Non-Experimental Research
Design?
•Non-Experimental research design is
one of the broad categories of research
designs in which the researcher
observes the phenomena as they occur
naturally and no external variables are
introduced.
•It is a research design in which
variables are not deliberately
manipulated nor is the setting is
controlled. Data is collected without
introducing changes and making
treatments.
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54. a. Descriptive Research Design
•The purpose of descriptive studies
is to observe, describe and
document aspects of a situation as
it naturally occurs and sometimes to
serve as a starting point for
hypothesis generation or theory
development.
•It is used in observing,
documenting and describing a
phenomenon occurring in natural
setting without any manipulation or
control. It is designed to gain more
information about characteristics
within a particular field in real
world.
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55. Types of Descriptive Research Design
•Univariant descriptive design- This
design is used to describe the frequency
of occurrence of the phenomenon. It
does not necessarily focus on a single
variable; there may be one or more
variables involved in the study.
•Exploratory Design- This design is used
to identify, explore, and describe the
existing phenomenon and its related
factors. It is not simply a description or
the frequency of a phenomenon but an
in-depth exploration of its related
factors to improve further
understanding of a phenomenon.
•Comparative Design- This design
involves comparing and contrasting two
or more samples of study subjects on
one or more variables. It is used to
compare two distinct groups in terms of
knowledge, perceptions, attitudes, and
physical or psychological symptoms.
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56. b. Correlational Design
In a correlational design,
the researcher examines the
relationship between two or
more variables in a natural
setting without
manipulation of the control.
In other words, it is a study
conducted to determine the
relationship of two or more
variables without any
intervention.
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57. Types of Correlational
Research Design
• Prospective Research
Design. A design that lets
the researcher connect the
present to the future. It
starts with the cause and
arrives with presumed
effects.
• Retrospective Research
Design. A design where the
researcher studies the
current situation by seeking
facts and figures from the
past.
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C. Developmental
Research Design
In a developmental research
design, the researcher examines
the phenomenon with reference
to time. It is generally used to aid
research design with other
designs.
Types of Developmental
Research Design
Cross-sectional Design. In this
research design, the researcher
collects data at a particular point
in time (one-period data
collection).
Longitudinal Design. Designed to
collect data over an extended
period (long-term study). Its value
is in its ability to demonstrate
change over a period of time.

59. d. Epidemiological Research Design
This study is done to investigate the
distribution and causes of the disease in
a population. Generally, it is conducted
to investigate the causes of different
diseases in either a prospective approach
or a retrospective design.
Types of Epidemiological Research
Design
• Cohort Studies. In this design, a
longitudinal approach is used to
investigate the occurrence of a
disease in existing presumed causes.
• Case-control Studies. In this design,
the cause of the disease is
investigated after the occurrence of
the disease.
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62. Group Work

63. Group Work
Directions: Knowing the characteristics, strengths, weaknesses, and kinds of
quantitative research, think of at least 5 research topics/problems in your own field of
specialization and determine the correct research design to be used. Follow the table
shown below: