Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, which may last for a short or long time. Treatment usually addresses the underlying cause, such as medications, stress, or handwashing practices. Gastritis is a term that describes episodes of nausea and vomiting after eating. It occurs when the mucosa or stomach lining is inflamed, causing heartburn or bloating. However, people who get gastritis may not develop any symptoms regardless of the underlying cause — bacterial or otherwise. There are two typesTrusted Source of gastritis:

1. How to treat and prevent gastritis
Gastritis is inflammation of the stomach lining, which may last for a short or long
time. Treatment usually addresses the underlying cause, such as medications,
stress, or handwashing practices.
Gastritis is a term that describes episodes of nausea and vomiting after
eating. It occurs when the mucosa or stomach lining is inflamed,

2. causing heartburn or bloating. However, people who get gastritis may not
develop any symptoms regardless of the underlying cause — bacterial
or otherwise.
There are two typesTrusted Source of gastritis:
● Acute: This means the inflammation develops and resolves quickly. Acute
gastritis — particularly if viral — often resolves on its own with supportive
treatment and no medication.
● Chronic: This is long-term inflammation that can last for months or years if
a person does not receive treatment.
Some people may haveTrusted Source autoimmune gastritis, which
develops when the immune system mistakenly attacks the healthy cells
of the stomach lining.
Without treatment, acute gastritis caused by the bacteria Helicobacter
pylori can becomeTrusted Sourcechronic. This can cause anemia and, in
rare cases, cancer.
This article focuses on the treatment and preventive measures of
gastritis. It also explains the types of tests doctors use during
diagnostic exams and any possible complications.

3. Treatments for gastritis
ShareBoth medications and home remedies can treat gastritis.
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Medications
The medication doctors prescribe depends on the type of gastritis an
individual has.
However, the National Library of MedicineTrusted Source mentions the
following drugs that may help reduce the amount of acid in the stomach:

4. Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs)
PPIs are a class of medications that decrease acid production in the
stomach. Medical professionals may recommend them to people who
have issues with chronic stomach acid.
They may also help other conditions, such as acid reflux, stomach ulcers,
or damage that acid reflux has caused to the lower esophagus.
Short-term use of PPIs may causeTrusted Source a few mild side effects,
such as nausea, abdominal pain, skin rash, and constipation.
PPIs doctors prescribe to treat gastritis include omeprazole or
pantoprazole.
Furthermore, if gastritis has developed from H. pylori infection,
individuals may takeTrusted Source PPIs with two or three antibiotics.

5. H2 blockers
H2 blockers block the histamine hormone to reduce the amount of acid in
the stomach. The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved H2
blockers for short-term use to treat gastric ulcers, gastroesophageal reflux
disease (GERD), and heartburn.
People who take H2 blockers may experienceTrusted Source mild side
effects, including diarrhea, drowsiness, fatigue, and abdominal pain.
Examples of H2 blockers that doctors prescribe for gastritis include
ranitidine and famotidine.

6. Antacids
Antacids are drugs that neutralize the acid in the stomach to relieve
heartburn. They are available as liquids or chewable tablets.
The United Kingdom’s National Health Service (NHS) states that some of the
side effects of antacids include flatulence, stomach cramps, and
constipation.
Individuals may take aluminum hydroxide or magnesium hydroxide.
Home remedies

7. According to the NHS, doctors may recommend taking different pain
medications if nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are the cause
of gastritis.
A person may also consider the following:
● reducing food portions and eating frequently
● limiting alcohol consumption, if applicable
● reducing stress
● quitting smoking, if applicable
● avoiding foods that may irritate the stomach, such as spicy and fried foods

8. ●
Diagnosis
Several tests can help healthcare professionals diagnose gastritis,
including:
● Stool sample: Doctors take a stool sample and send it to a laboratory to
check for stomach bacteria that can cause gastritis. They may also take a
separate stool sample to check for blood.
● Upper endoscopy: During this procedure, the gastroenterologist inserts a
thin tube with a camera into the stomach to check if there is inflammation.
They may also take a small tissue sample for testing.
● Blood test: This may be helpful to check if the individual has developed
iron-deficiency anemia from stomach bleeding.
Causes

9. Diet and lifestyle habits can cause gastritis, such as:
● drinking alcohol in excess
● smoking
● stress
● taking NSAIDs for a long time
A person may also develop gastritis from a bacterial or viral infection or
traumatic injury.
The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney DiseasesTrusted
Source lists less common causes of gastritis:
● food allergies
● celiac disease
● cancer treatment, such as chemotherapy
● Crohn’s disease
Complications
In general, gastritis responds well to treatment. However, complications
may arise, includingTrusted Source:
● peptic ulcers

10. ● vitamin B12 deficiency
● gastric cancer
● iron-deficiency anemia
● gastric bleeding
● autoimmune or chronic gastritis
In people with autoimmune gastritis, physicians may recommendTrusted
Source taking iron, folic acid, and vitamin B12 supplements to help prevent
pernicious anemia, as the body may find it difficult to absorb these
nutrients from food.
However, if they develop pernicious anemia, injectable vitamin B12 could
be an option.

11. Prevention
It may not be easy to prevent gastritis, as it depends if people have any
other condition that can increase their risk for gastritis.
However, steps people can take to help prevent developing gastritis
include:
● engaging in handwashing habits to preventTrusted Source H. pylori
infections
● managing stressful situations to reduceTrusted Source the chance of having
stress-induced gastritis
● avoiding eating spicy foods
● limiting caffeine consumption
● limiting alcohol consumption
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