More Related Content Similar to OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY OSCE-1.pdf Similar to OBSTETRICS AND GYNAECOLOGY OSCE-1.pdf (20) More from PinecareMedical More from PinecareMedical (6) 2. SUTURES
• Factors promoting good healing:
– Apposition of tissues
– Appropriate suture
– Appropriate surgical technique
– Appropriate interval between sutures
– Absence of infection- aseptic technique
– Antibiotic prophylaxis
– Good vascularization
3. SUTURES
• Monocryl 3-0 – RED
• Use: suturing skin
• Advantage: Good with subcutaneous tissue
• Disadvantage: Poor tensile strength
4. SUTURES
• Vicryl No 1- PURPLE
• Use: Suturing uterus
• Advantage:
– Good tensile strength
– Doesn’t invoke inflammation
• Disadvantage: Expensive
5. SUTURES
• Chromic Catgut 3-0 plain - YELLOW
• Use: Suture episiotomy
• Advantage: Cheap
• Disadvantage:
– Poor tensile strength
– High chance inflammation
6. SUTURES
• Nylon - GREEN
• Use: Suture skin
• Advantage: Good tensile strength
• Disadvantage: Non-absorbable
7. SUTURES
• Marceline tape - BLUE
• Use: Cervical cerclage and stress incontinence
• Advantage: good tensile strength
• Disadvantage:
– Expensive
– Causes fibrosis
9. CONDOMS
ADVANTAGES:
• Prevent pregnancy & sexually
transmitted diseases (STDs)
• Used with other family planning
methods
• Used soon after childbirth.
• Stopped at any time.
• Offer occasional contraception with
no daily up keep.
• Used by at any age.
• Used without seeing a health care
provider
DISADVANTAGES:
• Reduced sensation
• Requires partners participation and
cooperation
• Interrupts coitus
• Allergy to Latex condoms.
• Can slip off or break
• Negative perception towards condoms
10. COPPER T
• MOA
• chemical change that
damage sperms and
eggs before fertilization
can occur
Effective for 10 years
11. COPPER T
ADVANTAGES:
• Long -lasting
• Prevents:
– Pregnancy
– Endometrial cancer
DISADVANTAGES:
• Irregular bleeding
• More cramps and pain
during monthly
bleeding
• PID
• Uterine perforation
• Miscarriage
• Preterm birth
13. DEPOT MEDROXYPROGESTERONE
ACETATE INJECTABLE SUSPENSION
ADVANTAGES:
• Prevents:
– Pregnancy
– endometrial cancer
– Uterine fibroids
– Symptomatic PID
– Iron-deficiency anaemia
• Reduces:
– Sickle cell crises among
women with sickle cell
anaemia
– Symptoms of
endometriosis
DISADVANTAGES:
• Irregular bleeding
• Weight gain
• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Abdominal bloating and
discomfort
• Mood changes
• Reduced libido
• Loss of bone density
16. IMPLANON AND JADELLE
ADVANTAGES
• Long-lasting
• Do not interfere with sex
• Prevents
– Pregnancy
– Symptomatic pelvic
inflammatory disease
– Iron-deficiency anaemia
DISADVANTAGES
• Irregular bleeding
• Headaches
• Abdominal pain
• Acne
• Weight change
• Breast tenderness
• Dizziness
• Mood changes
• Nausea
• Enlarged ovarian follicles
• Infection at insertion site
• Difficult removal
18. COMBINED ORAL CONTRACEPTIVE
PILL
ADVANTAGES:
• Doesn’t interfere with sex
• Prevents:
– Pregnancy
– Endometrial cancer
– Ovarian cancer
– Symptomatic PID
– Ovarian cysts
– Iron-deficiency anemia
• Relieves:
– Menstrual cramps
– Menstrual bleeding problems
– Ovulation pain
– Excess hair on face or body,
Symptoms of polycystic ovarian
syndrome
– Symptoms of endometriosis
DISADVANTAGES:
• Irregular bleeding
• Headaches
• Dizziness
• Nausea
• Breast tenderness
• Weight change
• Mood changes
• Acne
• Increase in Blood pressure
• DVT
• Pulmonary embolism
• Stroke
• Heart attack
19. SEMINALYSIS
PARAMETER NORMAL VALUE
VOLUME > 1.5 ml
CONSISTENCY Droplets
pH 7.2 - 8.5
MOTILITY > 40% Progressive forward movement
AGGLUTINATION NIL OR < 10%
VIABILITY (ALIVE) > 58%
SPERM CONCENTRATION > 1.5 million/ml
TOTAL SPERM COUNT >39.0 million/ml
WHITE BLOOD CEELS < 1.0 million/ml
MORPHOLOGY Normal if > 14 % have normal morphology
VISCOSITY < 3
ROUND CELLS < 5.0 million/ml
