What is Enterprise Resource Planning, SAP and SAP FIORI?

ABAP/4
Introduction & First Program
02/17/18
1
By Pavan Golesar |
www.abaper.weebly.com |
sapparamount@gmail.com
College of Engineering Pune (COEP)
SAP ERP | SAP ABAP | SAP FIORI
Introduction

About Me
02/17/18
2
Pavan Golesar | YouTube @ Ethic Coder | www.abaper.weebly.com
Email ID: sapparamount@gmail.com
Sr. SAP Consultant

Introduction to SAP
S: Systems
A: Application
P: Products
in Data Processing
02/17/18
3

SAP was founded in 1972 by five people: Wellenreuther, Hopp,
Hector, Plattner and Tchira.
Wellenreuther , while working at IBM , developed a financial
accounting package running in batch for an IBM customer –
Naturin. SAP bought rights from Naturin and started to design and
implement the real-time finance system as a standard package based
on Wellenreuther ’s experience in the application. They sold the
first copy of the standard system to ICI.
Simultaneously, they developed a Materials management system as
a bespoke software for ICI by reserving all property rights.
History Of SAP
02/17/18
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The SAP R/3 system provides the following set of applications, also
known as functional modules, or application areas:
1. Financial Accounting (FI)
2. Production Planning (PP)
3. Material Management (MM)
4. Sales and Distribution (SD)
5. Controlling (CO)
6. Asset Management (AM)
7. Human Resources (HR)
8. Project System (PS)
9. Industry Solutions (IS)
10. Plant Maintenance (PM)
11. Quality Management (QM)
12. Workflow (WF)
Few of the Modules in SAP
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STAGES OF SAP IMPLEMENTATION.
Scoping: 1 - 2 Months Decision making.
Understanding the Organization.
Analysis 3 - 6 Months Documentation, Discussions
Design 2 - 3 Months Modules, Sub Modules, Interfaces,
Databases, Dataflow.
Servers, Terminals & Back up.
Development Parallel with Design.
ABAP/4, Configuration,
Applications, Transactions,Reports.
Configuration 3 - 4 days Settings to be done.
( IT department of Customer is
involved)
Implementation/
Testing/Training
Post Implementation Support.
02/17/18
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Database
Application
Presentation
Central DB
(stores all data and
Applications programs)
Access to DB:
Read /write
data
Input / Output
Of data to users
THE ARCHITECTURE HIERARCHY
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PRESENTATION LAYER
 The presentation layer is the portion of SAP R/3 with which users
interact directly.
 Displays information to users
 Transfer data entered by users to the application server
layer
 Consists of the SAP R/3 Graphical User Interface Program (SAP-GUI)
 Supported by PC, Mac or workstations
 Provides the user with the screens ( ie. Menus, toolbars,
and function keys) required to process SAP R/3
transactions
 Provides that same “Look and feel” to all users, regardless
of the platform.
02/17/18
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APPLICATION LAYER
 Application servers that run programs
 Programs manipulate data provided by the user and
the database
 Associated servers that support applications
 Run background programs, make database changes,
format data for printing, route messages between
servers, manages locking for SAP objects, etc
 Server Distribution
 Processing workload spread among multiple servers
(load balancing)
 Some shared, central directories are required, such as
start-up and system profiles and the central system log
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DATABASE LAYER
 The relational database system used by all application
servers
 Stores the SAP application programs and data
 A SAP technology that “overlays” the database
vendor’s database management functions
 Current SAP architecture is oriented towards a central
database server
02/17/18
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ABAP/4
Introduction & First Program
02/17/18
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Lets’ get straight into ABAP/4
02/17/18
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©SAP AG
A dvanceddvanced
B usinessusiness
P rogrammingrogramming
A pplicationpplication
/
4
The ABAP/4 Programming Language
Overview of ABAP
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ABAP/4
• Advanced Business Application Programming - 4 th generation
Language.
• ABAP/4 is the backbone of SAP R/3.
• ABAP, or ABAP/4, is a fourth-generation programming language first
developed in the 1980s.
• It was used originally to prepare reports for material management and
financial and management accounting.
• ABAP is one of the first programming languages to include the
concept of logical databases, which provides a high level of
abstraction from database of the SAP system.
02/17/18
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©SAP AG
ABAP/4 Development Workbench Architecture
RuntimeRuntimeRuntime
DevelopmentDevelopmentDevelopment
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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ABAP/4 Program Objects.
©SAP AG
Global data
PBO modules
PAI modules
Subroutines
Screens
GUI status
Includes
Transactions
Development class
ProgramDev. class object types
Dictionary objects
Programs
Function groups
Includes
Transactions
Logical databases
Message classes
.
.
.
ABAP/4 Program Objects
Overview of ABAP
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Overview of ABAP/ Transport Organizer
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•Workbench requests record changes made to ABAP Workbench
objects.
• There are local and transportable Workbench requests.
(Local Workbench requests have the target system <space>.)
• The development class of the object and the transport route
settings in the Transport Management System determine whether
changes are recorded in a local or a transportable Workbench
request.
02/17/18
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Transaction se09
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• As a ABAP Developer
• Majority of the work during and after implementation of
R/3 will be Report programming, Dialog programming,
BDC, Enhancements using ABAP/4 Programming
Language.
•In reporting you use the ABAP/4 Open SQL to read data
from the R/3 database. A report consists of a selection
screen, on which you define the dataset you wish to
display, and a list, which displays the data itself. In
interactive reporting, the user can navigate from the
(basic) list to details lists at runtime. Typically, reports
merely read data from the database. However, it is also
possible to make changes in the database using a report.
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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•Dialog Programming
• In dialog programming you use the Screen Painter to create
screens and program the sequence in which they appear. You
write an ABAP/4 program (ABAP/4 module pool) for your
screens. This is a collection of dialog modules which are called
by the flow logic of your screens. You use dialog programs for
both reading and changing database tables.
©SAP AG
R
Reporting and Dialog Programming
Dialog program (SAP transaction)
SelectionSelection
screenscreen
Report
ListList
screenscreen
ScreenScreen
01000100
ScreenScreen
02000200
ABAP/4 Open SQLABAP/4 Open SQL
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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• Batch Data Communication (BDC)
•Batch Data Communication (BDC) offers transferring of data into
the SAP System from other SAP Systems and non-SAP Systems
(legacy systems).
•For example, the data collection in some areas of your company is
still performed by a non-SAP system like VB-SQL or Java-Oracle
etc. You can still consolidate all of your data in the SAP System by
exporting the data from the other system and reading it into the SAP
System with batch input.
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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• SAP Scripts / Smartforms
•SAP script is the tightly integrated text management system of
the SAP R/3 System.
•It will therefore be used for many different text-processing tasks
all over the SAP System.
•Example:
•SAP script is used for incorporating the
company logo in
forms sets.
• SAP Script can be used for printing the Sales order or the
purchase order in the company given pre printed format.
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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• Enhancements
• SAP offers a broad range of functionality
within its
business application suite.
•If standard applications do not offer some
of the functionality you need, You don’t have to Panic!!You don’t have to Panic!!
•R/3 provides the flexibility to Add-on/Bolt-on
any
application to its standard functionality
This facility is called
“Enhancement” and called as “User Exits”, “Menu Exits”,
“Screen Exits” and “Function Exits”.
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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ABAP/4 Dictionary
Transactions
SE93
ABAP/4 Editor
SE38
Menu Painter
SE 41
Screen Painter SE 51
Data Dictionary
SE11
Object Browser
SE80
Function
Library
SE37
ABAP/4
ABAP tools - Overview
02/17/18
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Before going to Next topic, Lets browse some important
transactions in ABAP Development Workbench like
•ABAP Editor(se38) : used for Writing Report programs..etc
•Object Navigator(se80) : used for Creating Screens and/or
Transactions or Development Class or navigation purpose ..etc
•Function Builder(se37): used for Writing Functions which can be
further used in Report programs or Screen programming.. etc.
• Data Dictionary(se11) : Used for Database Table handling.. etc.
Overview of ABAP
02/17/18
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Overview of ABAP/ Basic Syntax of ABAP
©SAP AG
ABAP/4 program
statement
word 1word 1word 1 word 2word 2word 2 word 3word 3word 3
word 4word 4word 4 .
key word parameter, field,
constant
DATA COUNTER TYPE I.
DATA NAME(20).
MOVE 1 TO COUNTER.
MOVE 'ABC' TO NAME.
.
.
.
WRITE NAME.
WRITE COUNTER.
ABAP/4 Syntax
02/17/18
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• ABAP/4 Syntax
•An ABAP/4 program consists of individual statements.
Each statement must end with a period.
•The first word of a statement is known as the key word.
• Words are separated from each other by at least one blank.
•Statements can be indented.
•Statements can extend over several lines.
02/17/18
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• ABAP/4 Syntax/ Chain Statements.
©SAP AG
WRITE 'XYZ'.
WRITE NAME.
WRITE COUNTER.
WRITE 'XYZ'.
WRITE NAME.
WRITE COUNTER.
WRITE 'XYZ'.
WRITE NAME.
WRITE COUNTER.
WRITE: 'XYZ', NAME,
COUNTER.
WRITE: 'XYZ', NAME,
COUNTER.
WRITE: 'XYZ', NAME,
COUNTER.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER1.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER2.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER3.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER1.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER2.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER3.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER1.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER2.
ADD 1 TO COUNTER3.
ADD 1 TO: COUNTER1,
COUNTER2,
COUNTER3.
ADD 1 TO: COUNTER1,
COUNTER2,
COUNTER3.
ADD 1 TO: COUNTER1,
COUNTER2,
COUNTER3.
Chain Statements
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• You can concatenate several consecutive statements with an
identical first part into a chain statement.
• When doing this, conclude the identical first part with a colon.
After the colon, separate each concatenated part from the next with
a comma.
• Blanks can appear before and after the separators (colon, comma
or period).
• Commenting a ABAP Statement
•You can insert comments into a program in two ways:
- An asterisk (*) in column 1 flags the whole line
as a comment.
- A quotation mark (") within a line flags the
remainder of the line as a comment.
02/17/18
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©SAP AG
DATA: SUM TYPE P, " Totals field
COUNTER TYPE P.
* New account
* Initialize totals field
CLEAR SUM.
Comments
02/17/18
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©SAP AG
R
System Fields
System fields
Name Type Length Meaning
SY-DATUM DATE 8 Date
SY-UZEIT TIME 6 Time
SY-UNAME CHAR 12 User ID
SY-SUBRC HEX 2 Return code
SY-REPID CHAR 8 Program name
SY-LANGU CHAR 1 Logon language
.
.
.
for table structure SY
02/17/18
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©SAP AG
REPORT RSAAA02C.
WRITE: '******************************'.
SKIP 2.
WRITE: 'Date', SY-DATUM.
WRITE: 'Time', SY-UZEIT.
SKIP 2.
WRITE: '******************************'.
ABAP/4 Programm Attribute
WRITE: Introduction 1
**********************************************
Date 01.01.1996 Time 14:46:10
**********************************************
WRITE Statement
02/17/18
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• WRITE outputs the contents of a field or constant in the
format appropriate for the type.
• Consecutive WRITE statements output data on the same
line. If there is no more space on one line, the output
continues on the next line.
•SKIP generates blank lines.
•The ABAP/4 processor generates a standard header for
each line. This consists of the list title, page number and an
underline.
•Write Statement
02/17/18
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When you login to a SAP server
the following screen appears
02/17/18
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Enter the user name & password
02/17/18
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This is the initial menu screen
Or Select TOOLS
ABAP/4 Workbench
for going into programming area.
Enter SE38 in the space
02/17/18
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INTRODUCTION TO ABAP/4 EDITOR
The ABAP/4 Editor is used to create new code or change existing code. The
ABAP/4 editor can check to make sure you use the correct syntax in your
program. Once your program is syntactically correct, you can generate, run,
and debug your program from the Editor.
02/17/18
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You are in the Editor area
02/17/18
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Enter the Name of the
Program you want to
Start.
Without giving a name
you can not proceed.
The name shall start with
Y or Z
02/17/18
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This screen prompts you to enter data
02/17/18
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SPECIFYING THE PROGRAM ATTRIBUTES
To enter the program attributes, proceed as follows:
1. Enter a title for the program in the field Title. Choose a title which describes the
function of the program.
2. Complete the two mandatory fields:
If you are creating a report program, enter 1 in the Type field. If you are creating
a module pool, enter M in the Type field. For a list of possible types, click the
possible entries button.
Enter the classification letter for your application in the Application field, e.g. F
for Financial Accounting.
02/17/18
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Enter the following:
Title for the report
Type : Executable
Application *
Press F11 for saving
02/17/18
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Select Local Object and
press the icon on the left side.
02/17/18
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The source code editor
02/17/18
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Now you have completed your first program.
Press CTRL + F2 for checking whether
the syntax is right. ( 2 nd Icon from left)
Press F11 or click on open book icon to save.
Press F8 to execute the program you just wrote.
02/17/18
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The first report output
02/17/18
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Congrats!
You have just become an ABAPer.
02/17/18
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Introduction to SAP FIORI
02/17/18
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02/17/18Pavan Golesar | YouTube @ Ethic Coder | www.abaper.weebly.com
50
SAP FIORI:

51
Example of Timesheet
app

52
Example of Timesheet
app

53
Another Example Of
Purchase Requisition

INFO PAGES: PUBLIC
•help.sap.com – Technical docs
•SAP FIORI - SCN
•SAP Community Network (SCN)
•My website www.abaper.weebly.com
•YouTube Channel Ethic Coder
02/17/18
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Questions & Queries
02/17/18
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Thanks !!! ***
02/17/18
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What is Enterprise Resource Planning, SAP and SAP FIORI?

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