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1. DREAM BIG, BELIEVE IN YOURSELF,
WORK HARD AND THE SKY IS THE LIMIT.
—ANONYMOUS—
2nd and 3rd Conditionals
@elprofesorhernan | heteco2010@gmail.com
+353858300722 | @hernan_tena

2. The overall aim of this unit is to
exchange information about
free time activities, discuss
and comment breaking news
and talk about past holidays.
Learner Outcomes
ü Students will heighten their
awareness of correct usage
of “2nd and 3rd Conditionals”
English grammar in writing
and speaking.

3. WARM UP
(10)
Aprende la diferencia entre NOSE y
KNOWS ¿la conoces?

4. Smallest ever baby leaves
hospital after 13 months
(12th August, 2021)
The world's smallest baby has left hospital after
13 months. Baby Kwek Yu Xuan weighed just 212
grams when she was born at the Singapore National
University Hospital on June the 9th, 2020. She was
born prematurely at around 25 weeks. This is a lot
earlier than the standard 40 weeks. She measured
just 24 centimeters. When she was born, doctors gave
her a "limited chance of survival". She spent over a
year in hospital.
Expert baby doctors did everything they could to
keep Yu Xuan alive. Her doctors said: "We are happy for
the little fighter and her family, and proud of the care
provided by our team. Our best wishes to little Yu Xuan
as she continues to grow, thrive and beat the odds
every day."

5. Smallest ever baby leaves
hospital after 13 months
(12th August, 2021)
Yu Xuan's mother thanked hospital staff for
keeping her daughter alive. She gave birth to Yu Xuan
early because she had dangerously high blood
pressure. She said: "We are very grateful to the doctors
and nurses of the hospital neonatal intensive care unit
team for the attentive and wonderful medical care and
treatment of Yu Xuan." There is a long journey ahead
for Yu Xuan as she recovers.
She has a serious lung disease and other
medical problems. She has a special machine at home
to help her breathe. Her doctors said she would slowly
get better with time. They added: "She has inspired
people around her with her perseverance." They called
her "an extraordinary 'Covid-19' baby" and "a ray of
hope".

6. VOCABULARY
1. weighed a.
An idea or thing used as a measure, norm,
or model.
2. prematurely b.
How heavy or light someone or something
is in grams, kilograms, tons, etc.
3. standard c.
Found out the size, amount, or degree of
something.
4. measured d. Restricted in size, amount, or extent.
5. limited e. Happening before it was time to happen.
6. survival f. Do very well and grow and do better.
7. thrive g.
Being able to live or exist, usually after
accident, ordeal, or other difficult things.

7. VOCABULARY
1. weighed a.
An idea or thing used as a measure, norm,
or model.
2. prematurely b.
How heavy or light someone or something
is in grams, kilograms, tons, etc.
3. standard c.
Found out the size, amount, or degree of
something.
4. measured d. Restricted in size, amount, or extent.
5. limited e. Happening before it was time to happen.
6. survival f. Do very well and grow and do better.
7. thrive g.
Being able to live or exist, usually after
accident, ordeal, or other difficult things.

8. TRUE / FALSE:
1) The world's smallest baby weighed less than 250 grams
at birth. T / F
2) The baby was born prematurely during week 35. T / F
3) The baby measured less than 25cm when she was born.
T / F
4) Doctors said the baby beat the odds on a daily basis.
T / F
5) The baby's mother suffered from seriously low blood
pressure. T / F
6) The baby is going on a long journey with her parents.
T / F
7) The baby needs a machine to help her to breathe. T / F
8) Her doctors nicknamed the baby "ray of sunshine". T / F

9. TRUE / FALSE:
1) The world's smallest baby weighed less than 250 grams
at birth. T / F
2) The baby was born prematurely during week 35. T / F
3) The baby measured less than 25cm when she was born.
T / F
4) Doctors said the baby beat the odds on a daily basis.
T / F
5) The baby's mother suffered from seriously low blood
pressure. T / F
6) The baby is going on a long journey with her parents.
T / F
7) The baby needs a machine to help her to breathe. T / F
8) Her doctors nicknamed the baby "ray of sunshine". T / F

10. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the
following synonyms from the article.
1. smallest
2. prematurely
3. standard
4. limited
5. thrive
6. dangerously
7. attentive
8. recovers
9. inspired
10.extraordinary
a) do well
b) poor
c) before time
d) gets better
e) focused
f) encouraged
g) tiniest
h) remarkable
i) perilously
j) usual

11. SYNONYM MATCH: Match the
following synonyms from the article.
1. smallest
2. prematurely
3. standard
4. limited
5. thrive
6. dangerously
7. attentive
8. recovers
9. inspired
10.extraordinary
a) do well
b) poor
c) before time
d) gets better
e) focused
f) encouraged
g) tiniest
h) remarkable
i) perilously
j) usual

12. Multiple choice quiz
1) What was the baby's birth weight?
a) 211 grams
b) 212 grams
c) 213 grams
d) 214 grams
2) When was the baby born?
a) June the 6th, 2020
b) June the 7th, 2020
c) June the 8th, 2020
d) June the 9th, 2020
3) How long was she when she was born?
a) 24 centimeters
b) 23 centimeters
c) 22 centimeters
d) 25 centimeters

13. Multiple choice quiz
1) What was the baby's birth weight?
a) 211 grams
b) 212 grams
c) 213 grams
d) 214 grams
2) When was the baby born?
a) June the 6th, 2020
b) June the 7th, 2020
c) June the 8th, 2020
d) June the 9th, 2020
3) How long was she when she was born?
a) 24 centimeters
b) 23 centimeters
c) 22 centimeters
d) 25 centimeters

14. Multiple choice quiz
4) What chance did doctors giver her to survive?
a) fifty-fifty
b) a good chance
c) a limited chance
d) almost no chance
5) What did a doctor say the baby beat every day?
a) her heart
b) the odds
c) a drum
d) the bed
6) What was the mother's blood pressure like when the baby was born?
a) 115/70
b) very low
c) dangerously high
d) normal

15. Multiple choice quiz
4) What chance did doctors giver her to survive?
a) fifty-fifty
b) a good chance
c) a limited chance
d) almost no chance
5) What did a doctor say the baby beat every day?
a) her heart
b) the odds
c) a drum
d) the bed
6) What was the mother's blood pressure like when the baby was born?
a) 115/70
b) very low
c) dangerously high
d) normal

16. Multiple choice quiz
7) What kind of journey does the baby have ahead of her?
a) a healthy one
b) an exciting one
c) a bumpy one
d) a long one
8) What does the baby have at home to help her breathe?
a) a special machine
b) oxygen cylinders
c) an inhaler
d) a special tent
9) Who did doctors say the baby inspired?
a) people around her
b) other babies
c) nurses
d) other patients

17. Multiple choice quiz
7) What kind of journey does the baby have ahead of her?
a) a healthy one
b) an exciting one
c) a bumpy one
d) a long one
8) What does the baby have at home to help her breathe?
a) a special machine
b) oxygen cylinders
c) an inhaler
d) a special tent
9) Who did doctors say the baby inspired?
a) people around her
b) other babies
c) nurses
d) other patients

18. Put the words in the right order
1. has world's smallest baby The hospital . left
2. around was at She 25 weeks . prematurely born
3. than 40 earlier standard lot weeks . A the
4. limited Doctors survival . gave a her of chance
5. of team . the by our Proud care provided
6. staff keeping alive . her daughter Thanked for hospital
7. are very We to the grateful doctors .
8. is There long a her . journey for ahead
9. has home special help at a She machine to
10.has her . They inspired people she around said

19. Put the words in the right order
1. The world's smallest baby has left hospital.
2. She was born prematurely at around 25 weeks.
3. A lot earlier than the standard 40 weeks.
4. Doctors gave her a limited chance of survival.
5. Proud of the care provided by our team.
6. Thanked hospital staff for keeping her daughter alive.
7. We are very grateful to the doctors.
8. There is a long journey ahead for her.
9. She has a special machine at home to help.
10.They said she has inspired people around her.

20. Pre-listening Exercise
(5)
What kinds of game shows do you have in your country? What
types of questions do the game show hosts ask? What prizes
are awarded to the winners?
Idioms
“gray matter” = your intelligence or brain
“Contestants really have to use their gray matter to answer
those tough questions.”
“on the ball” = thinking quickly and intelligently
“If you not on the ball, you won’t be able to win the
game.”

21. Vocabulary (5)
• trivia (noun): detailed facts about a variety of subjects, which are
sometimes unimportant
– Her brain is filled with a lot of trivia, and I bet she would do well
on a game show.
• contestant (noun): someone who competes or participates in a
game or contest
– The other contestants were really sharp, and I just couldn’t
answer the questions fast enough.
• grand (adjective): the best, biggest, or most impressive
– Everyone was very impressed with the grand plan to build a
modern library.
• consolation prize (noun): a prize given to those who do not win a
contest
– Although I didn’t win on the game show, I still received a nice set
of golf clubs as consolation prize.

22. Listening Exercise: “Trivia game show”
■ Game Show Host: Thank you, Thank you and welcome
to everyone’s favorite game show, Unbelievable Trivia.
Today’s contestant, Julie Jones, has just entered our
bonus round and is trying to win our grand prize,
$30,000 in cash and an all-expense paid, six-day
vacation to China.
■ Okay, Julie. In order to win the grand prize, you must
answer all four of the bonus questions correctly. All of
the questions are true or false. If false, you must make
the statement true by giving the correct information. If
not, you go home with our consolation prize: a fine set
of encyclopedias on home repairs. [Oh]
■ Remember. When the buzzer goes off, you must give
your answer. Are you ready?
■ Julie: I’m ready.

23. Listening Exercise: “Trivia game show”
■ Host: The first question: A cat has 32 muscles in each
ear.
■ Julie:Uh. True.
■ Host: You are correct! Question number two: A tuna is
the only fish that can blink with both eyes.
■ Julie: True, I mean, I mean, I mean false. A SHARK is the
only fish that can blink with both eyes.
■ Host: Correct. Only two more questions. Number three:
An elephant has the largest eyes in the world.
■ Julie: I know that one. False. The giant squid has the
largest eyes.

24. Listening Exercise: “Trivia game show”
■ Host: Super. This is the last question Julie. The
national anthem of Greece has 134 verses.
■ Julie: False. The national anthem of Greece has 158
verses.
■ Host: You are right!
■ Julie: Did I win?
■ Host: Yes, Julie, pack your bags, and we’ll pack your
wallet. [Alright!] You’re off to China. Well, that’s all for
today’s show. See you next time
■ Julie: Thank you, Thank you.

25. Listening Exercise:
“Trivia game show”
1. The grand prizes for the game show are _____,
a) money and a new car
b) a trip and encyclopedias
c) cash and a trip
2. A cat has _____ in each ear.
a) 32
b) 42
c) 22
3. A shark is unique because it can _____.
a) eat fish five times its size
b) blink with both eyes
c) swim upside down while sleeping

26. Listening Exercise:
“Trivia game show”
1. The grand prizes for the game show are _____,
a) money and a new car
b) a trip and encyclopedias
c) cash and a trip
2. A cat has _____ in each ear.
a) 32
b) 42
c) 22
3. A shark is unique because it can _____.
a) eat fish five times its size
b) blink with both eyes
c) swim upside down while sleeping

27. Listening Exercise:
“Trivia game show”
4. What creature has the largest eyes in the world?
a) a whale
b) an elephant
c) a giant squid
5. The national anthem of Greece has _____ verses.
a) 148
b) 158
c) 134

28. Listening Exercise:
“Trivia game show”
4. What creature has the largest eyes in the world?
a) a whale
b) an elephant
c) a giant squid
5. The national anthem of Greece has _____ verses.
a) 148
b) 158
c) 134

29. Post-Listening Exercise
Think about the types of questions in the conversation. Then,
think of five other trivia questions you want other students to
answer. Use the Internet or other reference books to help you.
These questions could be on anything including history, music,
science, literature, sports, or current events.
Online Investigation
Trivia board games and similar TV shows can be a fun way to
test your knowledge of world events and facts. There are also
such online trivia games that can challenge you as well. Use
the Internet to find such an online, try it out, and report your
experience to a partner. What were the positive and negative
aspects of the game?

30. Language
Games
Language Topic: dating and relationships
https://www.esl-lab.com/easy/first-date-games/

31. 2ND AND 3RD
CONDITIONALS
GRAMMAR
TIME

32. 2nd And 3rd
Conditionals (20)
ü In English, conditionals help us describe
something that might have or might happen.
ü Similar to the Zero and 1st conditionals, we need
to know what verb tenses to use with the 2nd
and 3rd conditionals
2nd 3rd
If + Past simple or past
continuos
If + Past perfec
would/could/might +
infinitive/be –ing
would/could/might + have +
past participle

33. 2nd And 3rd Conditionals (20)
2nd Conditional
The 2nd conditional is used to describe hypothetical situations
in the present or future.
If + past simple or past continuous verb + would/could/might +
infinitive/be –ing
For example:
ü If I studied, I would not be taking the retest right now. Too
bad.
ü If it was raining, the crops would be growing.
ü If she hadn’t talked to me, I might not be talking with you
right now.

34. 2nd And 3rd Conditionals (20)
2nd Conditional
When the conditional clause comes after the main
phrase you don’t need to use a comma.
For example:
ü I would not be taking the retest right now if I studied.
ü The crops would be growing if it was raining.
ü I might not be talking with you right now if she hadn’t talked to
me.

35. 2nd And 3rd Conditionals (20)
3rd Conditional
The 3rd conditionals are used to describe hypothetical
situations in the past.
If + past perfect + would/could/might + have + past
participle
For example:
ü Too bad, if you had helped us, we would have finished on
time.
ü If I had studied, I would have passed the test.
ü If you had been nicer, I would have helped you.

36. 2nd And 3rd Conditionals (20)
3rd Conditional
When the conditional clause comes after the main
phrase you don’t need to use a comma.
For example:
ü We would have finished on time if you had helped us.
ü I would have passed the test if I had studied.
ü I would have helped you if you had been nicer.

37. Example Exercises (20)
1. If there _______ (be) a speed limit sign, I would not be getting a
ticket right now.
2. If she had been a good student, she __________ (go) to
college.
3. If my friends told me, I ___________ (do) it right now.
4. If Sam __________ (clean) his car window, he would be able to
seeing out the window.
5. If the teacher had been clearer with their instructions, we
__________ (understand) the assignment better.
6. If you __________ (study) for the test, you wouldn’t be taking
the test right now.

38. Example Exercises (20)
1. If there was (be) a speed limit sign, I would not be getting a
ticket right now.
2. If she had been a good student, she would have gone (go) to
college.
3. If my friends told me, I would be doing (do) it right now.
4. If Sam had cleaned (clean) his car window, he would be able to
seeing out the window.
5. If the teacher had been clearer with their instructions, we
would have understood (understand) the assignment better.
6. If you studied (study) for the test, you wouldn’t be taking the
test right now.

39. Exercise (20)
1. Second Conditional Exercise 1
2. Third Conditional Exercise 1
3. Second and third conditionals – unreal
conditionals
4. Exercise 2
5. Second vs third conditional - exercise 4
6. Second Conditional Test – Grammar
Exercises
7. Second Conditional Test 2
8. Third Conditional Exercise
9. Third Conditional Exercise 2
10.Third Conditional IF Exercise 2

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