2. • The temporomandibular joint is the
joint of the jaw.
• Referred to as the TMJ.
• Bi-Condylar Variety of synovial joint.
• The unique feature is the articular
disc.
• Between the upper temporal bone and
the lower mandible
• It is from these bones that its name is
derived.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11. LIGAMENTS
• There are four ligaments associated
with the temporomandibular joints.
• Two major and two minor ligaments.
THE MAJOR LIGAMENTS ARE
• Capsular ligament
• Temporo-mandibular ligament
12.
13. CAPSULE
• The capsule is a dense fibrous
membrane that surrounds the joint
and incorporates the articular
eminence.
14.
15.
16.
17. • The stylomandibular ligament separates the
infratemporal region (anterior) from
the parotid region (posterior),
• and runs from the styloid process to
the angle of the mandible;
• It separates the parotid and submandibular
salivary glands. It also becomes taut when
the mandible is protruded.
18.
19. • The sphenomandibular ligament runs from
the spine of the sphenoid bone to
the lingula of mandible.
• The inferior alveolar nerve descends
between the sphenomandibular ligament and
the ramus of the mandible to gain access to
the mandibular foramen.
• The sphenomandibular ligament, because of
its attachment to the lingula, overlaps the
opening of the foramen.
• It is a vestige of the embryonic
lower jaw, meckel cartilage.
20. ARTICULAR DISC
• The disc is composed of dense fibrous
connective tissue.
• It is biconcave in structure.
• The disc functions as articular surfaces
against both the temporal bone and the
condyles and divides the joint into two
compartments.
• These two compartments are synovial cavities.
An upper and a lower synovial cavity.
21.
22. UPPER JOINT COMPARTMENT
• Formed between the articular disc and the
temporal bone.
• Involved in gliding motion or translatory
movement of the jaw when it is opened
widely.
LOWER JOINT COMPARTMENT
• Formed between the articular disc and the
mandible.
• Involved in rotational movement or hinge
type of movement.
• It is the initial movement of the jaw when the
mouth opens.
23.
24.
25. ARTICULAR DISC
• The anterior portion of the disc splits
in the vertical dimension, continues
with the insertion of the superior head
of the lateral pterygoid.
• The posterior portion also splits in the
vertical dimension, and the area
between the split continues
posteriorly and is referred to as the
retrodiscal tissue.
42. BLOOD SUPPLY
• Its arterial blood supply is provided by
branches of the external carotid artery,
predominately the superficial temporal
branch.
• Other branches of the external carotid
artery, namely the deep auricular artery,
anterior tympanic artery, ascending
pharyngeal artery, and maxillary artery, may
also contribute to the arterial blood supply
of the joint.
43.
44. INNERVATION
• Sensory innervation of the
temporomandibular joint is derived from
the auriculotemporal and masseteric
• Branches of V3 or mandibular branch of
the trigeminal nerve.
