GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production
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Nations are constantly seeking cheap, clean, climate friendly and sustainable energy sources. This desire has led to greater focus on bioenergy to meet the energy needs of such countries. As a result, bio-energy crops are grown for biomass which is a veritable source of renewable energy in the world of today. Such realizations have led to the proliferation of bio-gas power plants that are required for bio-energy production. However, this quest for bio-energy has altered land use and led to competition for available arable land, which is also required for food production. Such concerns have led to an ongoing “food or fuel” debate in the world including Germany. The competing use o f silage maize, both as cattle feed and input into such bio-gas plants is examined using GIS (Geographic Information System) techniques. Consequently, a model is designed that determines the effects of silage maize on electricity generation and its impact on the land use pattern, which are applicable within this study area or any area of interest.
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GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production
- 1. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production By Olusegun Osifuye
- 2. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production By Olusegun Osifuye INTRODUCTION OBJECTIVES METHODOLOGY ANALYSES PROJECTIONS
- 3. INTRODUCTION GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 3 ARABLE LAND • Alternate sources of energy • Biomass for Bio-energy • “Food or Fuel” debate • Effect on biodiversity • Silage Maize feedstock
- 4. INTRODUCTION GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 4 • Alternate sources of energy • Biomass for Bio-energy • “Food or Fuel” debate • Effect on biodiversity • Silage Maize feedstock
- 5. INTRODUCTION GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 5 Hochschule für Technik Stuttgart OR • Alternate sources of energy • Biomass for Bio-energy • “Food or Fuel” debate • Effect on biodiversity • Silage Maize feedstock
- 6. INTRODUCTION GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 6 Biogas Power Plant Source: Martina Nolte (http://www.manderfeld-entsorgung-agrar.de/duengemittel/html) Source: http://oklahomafarmreport.com/wire/news/2011/09/02270_FSABiomassProg09152011_092754.php •The role of biogas power plants •Silage maize as biogas plant feedstock
- 7. INTRODUCTION GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 7 How does a biogas plant work? Source: http://www.weltec-biopower.com/How-does-a-biogas-plant-work.1080.0.html INPUT FEEDSTOCK
- 8. OBJECTIVES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 8 • To develop a model that calculates the silage maize hectares in the study area (also applicable to any region) based on a set of assumptions. • To quantify the effect of silage maize cultivation on bio-energy production for the study area. • To predict and visualize different land use scenarios based on Several Factors .
- 9. METHODOLOGY GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 9 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map Availability Map
- 10. METHODOLOGY GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 10 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map FLOW CHART ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map Availability Map
- 11. METHODOLOGY GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 11 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map Availability Map
- 12. METHODOLOGY GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 12 Model Design Using the Model Builder
- 13. METHODOLOGY GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 13 STUDY AREA Schwarzwald-Baar Kreis •One of 44 counties (Kreis) •2012 Population 204585 •Total Area of 102526 hectares •As at 2012 41 Biogas power plants
- 14. METHODOLOGY GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 14 ArcGIS 10.1 Software Statistical Administrative Data : •Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg (Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg) •State Institute for Development of Agriculture and rural areas [Landesanstalt für Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft und der ländlichen Räume (LEL)] SOFTWARE / DATA SOURCES Base Maps •District Office of the Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis (Landratsamt Schwarzwald-Baar-Kreis). CORINE Land Use Data from European Environmental Agency European Soil Database Several Datasets from: http://eusoils.jrc.ec.europa.eu/library/data/_Datarequest/ESDB_RasterLibrary.html 25m Raster Digital Elevation Model
- 15. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 15 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map Availability Map
- 16. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 16 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume SUITABILITY FACTORS 5.0 ≤ pH ≤ 8.5 Soil without Stones < 750 m Low Slope (< 20% )
- 17. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 17 Reclassification CLASS SUITABILITY 1 LEAST SUITABLE 2 . 3 . 4 . 5 MOST SUITABLE
- 18. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 18 pH Stone Volume Elevation Slope Soil Characteristics Terrain Characteristics
- 19. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 19 Silage Maize Suitability Map •Suitability grouped from least suitable to most suitable. •Identifies area with best suitability based on natural conditions.
- 20. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 20 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Land Use Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map
- 21. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 21 Available Area Which Land Area is Available? Forests 46956 hectares Agricultural land 42650 hectares Settlement 11790 hectares Water body 615 hectares
- 22. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 22 Available Area Which Land Area is Available? Agricultural land 42650 hectares
- 23. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 23 Available Area Ban on Pastures from December 2011 till December 2015 Agricultural land 42650 hectares Pasture about 27000 ha Other Uses about 15650 ha
- 24. Agricultural land 42650 hectares ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 24 Agricultural Areas (No Pasture) Ban on Pastures from December 2011 till December 2015 Other Uses 15650
- 25. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 25 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ANALYSES ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map Availability Map
- 26. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 26 Available and Suitable Silage Maize Area • 11134 hectares • Represents silage maize agricultural areas both suitable and available Silage Maize Area Municipality Boundary
- 27. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 27 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ANALYSES ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map Availability Map
- 28. ANALYSES GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 28 32 Biogas Power Plant Locations • 32 biogas plants • Effect on the derived suitable and available silage maize area Silage Maize Area Municipality Boundary Biogas Power Plant
- 29. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 29 Biogas Plant Buffer ANALYSES •1.6 km Buffer around all 32 biogas power plants. •Dissolved buffer is intersected with suitability map
- 30. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 30 Terrain Elevation Slope Soil PH Stone Volume Suitability Map ‘Silage Maize Area’ Map Biogas Power Plant Buffer FLOW CHART ANALYSES ‘Estimated Total Silage Maize’ Map Availability Map
- 31. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 31 Ecological Total Silage Maize (ETSM) 5524 Hectares What does this value mean? ANALYSES
- 32. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 32 Estimated Total Silage Maize for Biogas Power Plants Not All Silage Maize used as Feedstock for Biogas Power Plants A portion used as Cattle Feed ETSM (ha) – ESMC (ha) = ESMBP (ha) 5524 – ? = ESMBP (ha) ETSM : ESTIMATED TOTAL SILAGE MAIZE ESMC : ESTIMATED SILAGE MAIZE CATTLE ESMBP : ESTIMATED SILAGE MAIZE for BIOGAS POWER PLANTS ANALYSES
- 33. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 33 ETSM (ha) – ESMC (ha) = ESMBP (ha) 5524 – 1829 = 3695 Estimated Total Silage Maize for Biogas Power Plants Calculating the ESMC Using an average of 480.8 dry tons/hectare ESMC = 1829 Silage Maize Hectare as source of feedstock for Biogas Power Plants is 3695 ANALYSES
- 34. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 34 Silage Maize Hectares For Bioenergy Production Using 2010 Statistical data from : Statistical Office of Baden-Württemberg (Statistisches Landesamt Baden-Württemberg) State Institute for Development of Agriculture and rural areas [Landesanstalt für Entwicklung der Landwirtschaft und der ländlichen Räume (LEL)] 1 Kilowatt = ? Hectares Year Installed Capacity (KW) Total Number of Silage Maize Hectares 2010 9140 2629 1 Kilowatt = 0.2 Hectares ANALYSES
- 35. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 35 Silage Maize Land Use Simulation Energy Demand 20000KW Energy Output Demand (Kilowatt) Silage Maize Area (Hectare) Silage Maize % of TAA Biogas Plant Average Yield (Kilowatt) Required Biogas Power Plants 20000 4000 8.3 200 100 240 83 300 63 PROJECTIONS
- 36. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 36 Silage Maize Land Use Simulation Energy Demand 15000KW Energy Output Demand (Kilowatt) Silage Maize Area (Hectare) Silage Maize % of TAA Biogas Plant Average Yield (Kilowatt) Required Biogas Power Plants 15000 3000 6.2 200 75 240 63 300 50 PROJECTIONS
- 37. PROJECTIONS GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 37 Silage Maize Land Use Simulation Energy Demand 10000KW Energy Output Demand (Kilowatt) Silage Maize Area (Hectare) Silage Maize % of TAA Biogas Plant Average Yield (Kilowatt) Required Biogas Power Plants 10000 2000 4.1 200 50 240 41 300 33
- 38. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 38 Silage Maize Land Use Simulation Energy Demand 2500KW Energy Output Demand (Kilowatt) Silage Maize Area (Hectare) Silage Maize % of TAA Biogas Plant Average Yield (Kilowatt) Required Biogas Power Plants 2500 500 1 200 12 240 10 300 8 PROJECTIONS
- 39. PROJECTIONS GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 39 Projections •Model applicable to any given region •Useful to stakeholders on both side of “Food or Fuel” debate •Aid in decision making LIMITATIONS •Estimate figures used •Not all the biogas power plants used in analyses
- 40. GIS-Based Land Use Simulation for Biomass Energy Production 40 THANK YOU