A presentation by Ola Faworaja

1. Built-In Inequality
Urban Design and the Planning of Cultural
Segregation
By Ola Faworaja
U1136329

2. Synopsis
• Using various or a few individually
selected London neighbourhoods as a
case study, this paper will explore the
ways that urban design can and has
increased cultural segregation and
encourage multi-generational issues of
inequality, disenfranchisement, and
political and economic instability.

3. Synopsis
• Using analysis from urban design theorists
and modern case studies, it will then
present a roadmap to effective planning
and design that utilizes public space and
the social capital found within majority
immigrant neighbourhoods to increase
stability and prosperity in an increasingly
diverse yet divided city.

4. Outline
• Chapter 1: Mapping London’s Diversity
and Exclusion
– Analysis of demographic trends and
immigration waves that have shaped the city
in the last half century
– History of several majority-ethnic London
neighbourhoods to be used as case studies

5. Outline
• Chapter 2:
– Overview of urban planning initiatives that
caused economic and social restructuring to
the detriment of immigrant and ethnic minority
neighbourhoods and the discouragement of
multi-generational prosperity and conscious
integration
– Case studies in London and warnings from
abroad, including the political, social, and
economic ramifications of ghettoization

6. Outline
• Chapter 3: Mapping out a new London
– Urban theorists on how to create new
neighbourhoods of inclusion and the
prevention of decline
– Actionable steps and programs to abandon for
the betterment of both minority
neighbourhoods and London as a whole

7. Working Bibliography
• Calmore, J.O. (1995). Racialized space and the
culture of segregation: “Hewing a stone of hope
from a mountain of dispair”, University of
Pennsylvania Law Review, 143, 1233-1273.
• Carmona, M., Tiesdale, S., Heath, T., & Oc, T.
(2010). Public places – urban spaces: The
dimensions of urban design. Oxford: Elsevier.
• Eckardt, F. & Eade, J. (2011). The ethnically
diverse city. Berlin: BWV.
• Gaffikin, F., Mceldowney, M., & Sterrett, K. (2010).
Creating shared public space in the contested
city.Journal of Urban Design, 15(4), 493-513.

8. Working Bibliography
• Caldeira, T.P.R. (1996). Fortified enclaves: The
new urban segregation, Public Culture, 8(2), 303-
328.
• Lees, L. (2008). Gentrification and social mixing:
Towards and inclusive social renaissance?, Urban
Studies, 45(12), 2449-2470.
• Johnston, R., Manley, D., & Jones, K. (2016). In
search of Britain’s Muslim ghettoes, Environment
and Planning, 48(9), 1684-1690.
• Lejano, R.P. & Gonzalez, E.R. (2016). Sorting
through differences: The problem of planning as
reimagination, Journal of Planning Education and
Research, 10.1177/0739456X16634167.

9. Working Bibliography
• Lees, L. & Melhuish, C. (2015). Arts-led
regeneration in the UK: The rhetoric and the
evidence on urban social inclusion,European
Urban and Regional Studies, 22(3), 242-260.
• Teernstra, A. (2014). Neighburhood change,
mobility, and incumbent processes: Exploring
income developments of in-migrants, out-
migrants, and non-migrants of
neighbourhoods, Urban Studies, 51(5), 978-
999.
• Gilroy, P. (2003). A London sumtig dis…, AA
Files, 49, 7-13.

10. Working Bibliography
• Sutherland, P.D. (2008). A golden mean
between multiculturalism and assimilation,
Studies: An Irish Quarterly Review,
97(385), 73-86
• Kondon, J. & Khan, S. (2011). The cultural
democracy myth, Contexts, 10(1), 65-66.
• Petersson, B. & Tyler, K. (2008). Majority
cultures and the everyday politics of ethnic
difference. London: Palgrave-MacMillan.