2. Passive Voice: Present Perfect
Tense
Something has been done by
someone at sometime up to
now.
3. Structure:
In the present perfect tense we make passive
verb forms by putting has/have + been before
the past participle form of the verb.
Affirmative Form
Object + have / has + been +
verb (past participle)
Question Form
Have / has + object + been +
verb (past participle)
4. Examples:
Active: I have written a story.
Passive: A story has been written by me.
Active: They have built a house.
Passive: A house has been built by them.
Active: He has broken my window.
Passive: My window has been broken by him.
5. Active: I have finished the job.
Passive: The job has been finished by me.
Active: The cat has drunk the milk.
Passive: The milk has been drunk by the cat.
Active: I have watched that movie.
Passive: That movie has been watched by me.
6. Question/Interrogative Forms:
Passive forms of these sentences will begin
with has or have. When the active sentence
begins with a question word (e.g. when, where,
which, why etc.), the passive sentence will also
begin with a question word. When the active
sentence begins with who or whose the passive
sentence will begin with by whom or by whose.
When the active sentence begins with whom, the
passive sentence will begin with who.
7. Examples:
Active: Have you kept the secret?
Passive: Has the secret been kept by you?
Active: Who has done this?
Passive: By whom has this been done?
Active: Why have you told a lie?
Passive: Why has a lie been told by you?
8. Active: Who has torn my book?
Passive: By whom has my book been torn?
Active: Have you written the letter?
Passive: Has the letter been written by you?
9. Exercises:
1. Peter has broken another window.
2. I have written six letters.
3. Have you received the parcel?
4. Have they accepted the invitation?
5. I have known her for a long time.
6. Our team has won the championship.
7. She has mended her ways.
8. I have cooked dinner.
10. Another window has been broken by Peter.
Six letters have been written by me.
Has the parcel been received by you?
Has the invitation been accepted by them?
She has been known to me for a long time.
The championship has been won by our team.
Her ways have been mended by her.
Dinner has been cooked by me.
