College Project

1. Presented By:
Norseen Hosameldeen 221101448 (leader)
Shams Mostafa 222100826
Nouran Salah 222101813
Nada Mostafa 222101763
Abdalrahman Mohamed 222100961
Nermeen Shokry 222101778
Roquia Ibrahim 222100574
Mohammed Tamer 222101344

2. Under supervision of Dr. Amira Wasfy
Research topic:
Effects of Instagram addiction
Narrowed Topic:
Effects of Instagram addiction on middle-class teen’s
behaviors, energy and cognitive thinking
Research Question:
1. What are the effects of Instagram addiction on middle-class teen’s behaviors,
energy and cognitive thinking?
2. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ social Behavior and family
connection?
3. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ self-comparison and Overthinking?
4. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ isolation?
5. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ stress and social anxiety?
6. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ depression?
7. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ Sleep quality?
8. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ focusing and distraction and multi-
tasking?
9. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ academic performance and
deadlines?
10. How does Instagram addiction affect teens’ memory and recalling information?

3. Abstract
Back ground: It remains unclear whether social media make people more
emotionally healthy or less. Instagram addiction is a very common phenomena
and it has affected most teenagers in our generation, Online amusement have
been growing rapidly during the past decade. Regardless, it stays cloudy
whether virtual diversion make people even more truly strong or less. This
study hopes to explore the effect of Instagram use on teens, this paper
discusses various categories that Instagram addiction has a negative impact on.
Including social behavior, mental behavior, physical behavior, stress,
depression, sleep quality, distraction, academic performance and information
recall of middle-class teens in Egypt.
Method: The data gathered for this study was a quantitative questionnaire
investigating effects of Instagram addiction. It was conducted among 76 of
Galala university students, 48 females, 28 males.
Conclusion: the phenomenon was more common than expected and there must
me more awareness about the social media addiction and furthermore
awareness of how to limit the usage and make do more wisely.

4. OUTLINE
Thesis statement:
Instagram addiction is rapidly becoming a recognized phenomenon
characterized by uncontrollable use, many young people are perceiving this
virtual world as their real world and comparing themselves and their lives to it.
It is a form of behavioral addiction in which a person engages in the compulsive
and excessive use of Instagram that creates problematic Instagram use that
ends up interfering with other aspects of one’s life and can affect a person in
several harmful ways such as his behaviors, energy and critical thinking. Effects
include all-day tiredness, increased isolation, decreased physical activity, poor
work or school performance
I. Impact of Instagram addiction on teens' social, mental and
physical behaviors:
A. Social Behavior and family connection. Personal relationships
may break as an Instagram addict prefer to spend more time in
the virtual world and may withdraw from family and having
difficulty staying in the moment as his full attention is given to
his Instagram.
B. Mental Behavior, self-comparison and Overthinking
C. Physical behavior and isolation.

5. II. Instagram impact on a teen's energy levels. A huge drain of
energy is resulted in an Instagram addict, in addition to stress, low
self-esteem, social anxiety and depression.
A. Energy level, stress and social anxiety.
B. Drain of energy and depression.
C. Sleep quality. Excessive use of Instagram in bedtime can
negatively affect sleep quality of sleep.
III. Presence on Instagram causes on a long-term a lack of cognitive
thinking.
A. Lack of focusing and distraction. Instagram addiction affects
students’ attention and ability to multitask.
B. Decrease of academic performance and missing deadlines.
Instagram distract students from academic work. Similarly,
working professionals may lose focus on work- related
responsibilities and may miss deadlines for important projects.
C. Memory and recalling information. It also affects their ability to
remember important information due to the huge amount of
useless information that was given to them all the day.
VII. Conclusion:

6. Survey Questions:
1 Age
2 Gender
3 Do you consider yourself an excessive user of Instagram?
4 How many hours in average are dedicated to Instagram daily?
5 Do you think your Instagram use has affected your overthinking?
6 Do you think your Instagram use has increased yourself comparison?
7 Does your Instagram use make you feel more stressed about unnecessary things
such as likes and comments?
8 Does your Instagram use make you feel depressed?
9 Does your Instagram use delay your bedtime?
10 When do you usually go to sleep?
11 How many hours do you usually sleep?
12 How satisfied How satisfied are you with your sleep quality?
13 Do you feel less energetic during the day?
14 Do you think your Instagram use affects your ability to focus during lectures?
15 Do you think your Instagram use affects your ability to multitask?
16 Do you often miss your deadlines?
17 How satisfied are you with your daily schedules?
18 Do you usually feel distracted from your daily academic work?
19 What do you think your Instagram use most affects negatively of your behavior,
energy level or cognitive thinking?
20 How do you think your Instagram use affects your behavior?
21 How do you think your Instagram use has effect your energy levels?
22 How do you think your Instagram use affects your cognitive thinking?
How do you think Instagram has changed you over time? (optional)
What do you think most grabs your attention about Instagram? (optional)

7. Survey answers: of 76 students

19. Literary review:
I Behavior
In this study, we examine how individual and relational characteristics contribute to the onset of
Instagram addiction. During adolescence, the quality of the family and peer environment plays a
significant role. The weakening of parental ties results in increased vulnerability to peer pressure,
which can mediate the development of pathological behaviors. The social network most used by
adolescents is Instagram and its use is related to specific needs of adolescents (such as self-
expression, social support and privacy from adults). This study aims to investigate the complex
relationship between adolescents' attachments to their parents and peers, psychopathological risk
and Instagram addiction.
During adolescence, the quality of the family and peer environment plays a significant role. In
fact, parental influence decreases during this time, with a significant increase in the role of the
peer group. The weakening of parental ties results in increased vulnerability to peer pressure,
which can mediate the development of pathological behaviors.
Most often technology can bring forth negative interaction, or zero interaction between siblings,
couples, or parent-child. It starves the family of learning and modeling with each other social
cues, interpersonal relationship skills, communication skills, and bonding.
As humans, we are social by nature and crave bonding within relationships. We may feel that we
are connected through social media, but it strips us of our ability to hear and see verbal and
nonverbal messages.
B) Mental Behavior and self-comparison and
Overthinking
A) Social Behavior and family connection C)
Physical behavior and isolation
A) Energy level and stress
The social comparison theory is a framework used to explain body image well-being,jealousy ,
and appearance anxiety in adolescents and young adults, along with social media use .

20. festinger's (1954) social comparison theory assumes that individuals want to improve themselves
and are motivated to measure how they perform in an area,
Myers&Crowther,2009)considering that social media offers alot of information, students stated
in an interview that they often compare themselves to others on social media
Social comparison is argued to be a contributing factor to low-self esteem. the more time people
spent on social media, the more likely they would believe that others have better lives and are
happier and more successful, reducing their self-esteem (Stapleton et al.,2017).
The more time people spent on social media, the more likely they would believe that others
have better lives and are happier and more successful, reducing their self-esteem (Stapleton et
al.,2017).
Social media use & loneliness
Recently, there has been increased attention to the rising rates of loneliness in modern society.
young adults are at the highest risk for Loneliness is defined as the aversive state of feeling that
there is a discrepancy between one's actual and desired social relationships . Individuals may feel
lonely even when surrounded by friends or family, as loneliness relates to the perceived quality
of one's relationships, rather than the quantity of one's relationships or time spent with others
Some researchers postulate that this increase in loneliness among younger adults is potentially
related to their screen time and social media use, although this relationship has yet to be fully
found a positive relationship between Facebook use and loneliness; they also explored potential
causal pathways between loneliness and Facebook use and found that shyness and a lack of
social support predicted . which suggest that lonely individuals exhibit maladaptive social
cognitions and negative interpersonal appraisals that lead them to avoid opportunities for social
connection and make them feel lonely as a result From this perspective
Due to experiences of social isolation and rejection, socially anxious individuals are at risk for
feeling particularly, found that, other than prior loneliness, prior social anxiety was the only
predictor of future loneliness
II Energy
Finally, one study examined tie relation between Instagram profile characteristics, such as the
number of followers and followees, and anxiety, in addition to effects of intensity of Instagram
use (Sherlock & Wagstaff, 2019). The findings illustrate that both the number of followers and
followees show a small positive relationship with trait anxiety. Interestingly, only the number of
followees was positively related with appearance anxiety, indicating that young adults who
follow more Instagran accounts show more concerns about their appearance (Sherlock &
Wingstaff, 2019).
Four studies investigated the relation between Instagram membership and anxiety symptoms.
Evidence for a positive relation between these two constructs could only be shown in one of

21. them. That is, Khodarahimi and Fathi (2017) observed higher levels of anxiety in Instagram
users compared to non-users. In contrast, Mackson et al. (2019) observed the opposite pattern of
results, supgesting beneficial effects of Instagram use on anxiety symptoms. And specifically,
four studies reported a small to moderate positive association between time spent on Instagram
and trait anxiety, physical appearance anxiety, social anxiety and attention to high insecurity-
eliciting body regions (Balta et al., 2018; Couture Bue, 2020; Sherlock & Wagstaff, 2019;
Yurdagül et al., 2019. For stress, only an indirect ettect or intensity or Instagram use emerged in
the study of Sanz-Blas et al. (2019). They showed that people who feel that they spend too much
time on Instagram report higher levels of Instagram addiction, which in turn was related to
higher self-reported levels of Instagram induced stress.
B) Energy level and depression
There is a growing debate about the relationship between social media platforms and mindset A
health disorder, such as depressive behavior or depression. However, the relationship between
Instagram use and depression or depressive behavior was not exhaustive to examine. Only peer-
reviewed journal Articles published between October 2010 and December 2018 were searched
for Central databases and journals. The variables that modify this relationship are social
comparison and building self-confidence About the validation and approval of others, sexuality,
negative or inadequate feedback, and the vulnerability of the self-Attractiveness rating,
Instagram airtime, anxiety risk, and a number Strangers that users follow. There is a strong
relationship between Instagram use and mindset health disorders such as depression or
depressive behavior; However, there is no direct in depth. Causation has been proven so far.
C) Energy level and sleep quality
Results clearly revealed that Instagram addiction was directly related to sleep quality in
individual factors as well as total Instagram addiction scores. Since there were not many studies
directly related to Instagram addiction and sleep quality, the authors could find only studies
related to social media addiction, Facebook addiction etc., on sleep quality. A recent study
revealed that as Internet addiction increased, sleep quality of female students decreased lin- early
and significantly (28). Chen and Gau (14), after a longitudinal study on sleep problems and
Internet addiction, concluded that insomnias sequentially predicted Internet addiction, and
Internet addiction sequentially predicted disturbed circadian rhythm. Young people with
insomnia may spend the time they struggle to sleep with Internet use, yet this in turn can lead to
circadian rhythm disturbances, possibly through the effects of light at adverse times.
To conclude, the influence of Internet and social media plays a major role in the lives of speech
and hearing students. Internet addiction is gradually increasing and the probable reason might be
due to advanced technologies, such as smart phones, digital watches etc. However, lack of
control and excessive use may affect their sleep quality. Once sleep quality is affected, it has a

22. direct link with mental health issues. Instagram and similar social media applications must be
used with caution, so that Instagram should serve as a potential tool in improving the mental
health of individuals
III Cognitive Thinking
A) Cognitive thinking and focusing and
distraction
Social media is a major source of distraction and thus can hinder users from successfully
fulfilling certain tasks by tempting them to use social media instead. However, an understanding
of why users get distracted by social media is still lacking. We examine the phenomenon of
social media distraction by identifying reasons for, situations of, and strategies against social
media distraction. The method adopted is a quantitative online survey (N = 329) with a
demographically diverse sample. The results reveal two reasons for social media distraction:
social (e.g., staying connected and being available) and task-related distraction (e.g., not wanting
to pursue a task). We find individual differences in these reasons for distraction. For social
distraction, affiliation motive and fear of missing out (FoMO) are significant predictors, while
for task-related distraction, self-regulatory capabilities (self-control, problematic social media
use) and FoMO are significant predictors. In fact, online vigilance is typically described as a
“state of alertness” (Johannes et al., 2019, p. 215). For instance, adolescents may sometimes be
more occupied with receiving messages from friends on receiving likes on an Instagram post
than at other moments. At moments when adolescents experience a heightened state of alertness,
they may experience more difficulties to focus their attention and a stronger tendency to check
their social media, and thus spend more time using social media.
B) Cognitive thinking and missing deadlines
With these motivations, this study aims to explore the relationships between Instagram addiction,
procrastination, and academic performance and present new analytical results on the mediating
effect of procrastination between Instagram addiction and academic performance. The tendency
of the students with lower self-esteem to delay tr assignments and exam preparations more
generally causes their academic performance to decrease. This result contradicts the studies
stating that self-esteem has a positive direct effect on academic performance. As hypothesized,
Instagram addiction has a significant positive effect on procrastination. That is in accordance
with the studies in the literature finding that Internet and social media addiction affect
procrastination positively. Hsiao et al.found that compulsive social app usage did not affect the
academic performance of students negatively. Wohn and LaRose found that compulsive use of
Facebook affects academic performance indirectly via academic motivation that can be
associated with the predictors of academic performance including procrastination. The results of
the study show that self-esteem has a direct negati effect on Instagram addiction and

23. procrastination. As far as our knowledge, among the studies investigating the negative outcomes
of social media addiction, this is the first study exploring the relationships between Instagram
addiction, procrastination, and academic performance.
C) Cognitive thinking and memory and recalling
information
The detrimental impact of social media on people who use mobile phones and the internet
heavily are more likely to make mistakes and forget and have worse spatial awareness, according
to the study that warned. In our study, we showed the detrimental effect of social media on
memory. Here are some studies that show that social media damages the brain, and we also
found some studies that show similar results. Dr. Lee Hadlington of De Montford University
Lester asked 210 people aged 18-65 to rate their behavior in areas associated with cognition,
memory and motor function. Dr. Hadlington said it was unclear whether internet and phone use
was the cause of poor interest, or that people who spent most of their time using technology may
have had attention problems in the first place. Research published earlier this year showed that
smartphones were making us less able to think independently while relying on looking for
information we didn't know, rather than thinking about things. While it is only related to the time
spent preparing for class. Moreover. Facebook's use of data collection and sharing was a
prediction of end result variables while Facebook's mistreatment of socialization was a negative
prediction, some studies have shown that social media may be particularly harmful to resume
memory.
Conclusion:
Instagram has a very negative effect on each of categories discussed, family
connection, isolation, self-comparison, stress, depression, sleep quality, focusing,
academic performance and information recall. Social media is a major source of
distraction and thus can hinder users from successfully fulfilling certain tasks by
tempting them to use social media instead. We have to enhance the awareness of
such phenomena as social media addiction as a harmful addiction might be as drug
addiction, It kills the pure joy of us, cuts our virtual humorful connection of each
other and changes our concerns and view of the world. Instagram addiction is a
very common phenomena in Egypt and we have to enhance the awareness of how
to break such addiction.

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