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Xeroderma Pigmentoso
Troncato Noemi G. - Pierdominici Elisa
4BL
Panoramica sul meccanismo di duplicazione del DNA
Cenni storici
1874
Cos’è?
E’ una grave affezione cutanea ereditaria.
Caratterizzata da:
Epidemiologia
http://tinyurl.com/zmnklwv
Sintomi e conseguenze
❖ Cheratosi
❖ Efelidi
❖ scottature
❖ Lesioni
oculari
I bambini della Luna
La storia di Marika
Grazie per l’attenzione!

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Xeroderma pigmento - Troncato e pierdominici - 4BL

Editor's Notes

  1. Prima di descrivere lo xeroderma pigmentoso, è bene fare un breve richiamo di genetica. Discorso sul DNA Cause di xeroderma pigmentoso Lo xeroderma pigmentoso è causato dalla mutazione di un gene (gene XP) e della sua proteina associata (proteina XP); quest'ultima, quando è normale, è responsabile della riparazione del DNA danneggiato. Pertanto, a causa della suddetta mutazione, il sistema di riparazione che vede protagonista la proteina XP non funziona correttamente. Viene da sé che l'individuo colpito da questi disturbi sia più esposto a sviluppare altre mutazioni del DNA, fino alla comparsa di carcinomi della pelle e di tumori oculari.
  2. Lo Xeroderma pigmentoso (XP) è stato descritto per la prima volta nel 1874 da Hebra de Kaposi, noto dermatologo ungherese e professore all'Università di Vienna.
  3. E’ una grave affezione cutanea ereditaria. Caratterizzata da: prematuro invecchiamento della pelle predisposizione allo sviluppo di neoplasie cutanee fotosensibilità alterazione nella riparazione del DNA
  4. http://tinyurl.com/zmnklwv EPIDEMIOLOGIA (= studio sul popolo) Lo xeroderma pigmentoso è una patologia molto rara. La sua incidenza, calcolata per l'Europa e per gli Stati Uniti, è di un caso su 1 milione di persone. Tuttavia, ci sono dei paesi e delle regioni del mondo in cui è lievemente più frequente, come per esempio in Giappone, nel Nord Africa o nel Medio Oriente. (http://tinyurl.com/zmnklwv) Lo xeroderma pigmentoso colpisce maschi e femmine, senza distinzioni particolari, e si manifesta, con i primi sintomi, già in tenera età.
  5. Sintomi e conseguenze Lo Xeroderma Pigmentoso si localizza nelle parti scoperte ai raggi ultravioletti verso i quali la cute mostra particolare sensibilità. I Sintomi sono : estrema sensibilità alla luce solare con conseguenti scottature; i bambini che presentano questi problemi vengono chiamati “bambini della luna” per il fatto che possono uscire solo di notte. cute sottile, secca e fragile cheratosi (la cute presenta un aspetto verrucoso) efelidi (o lentiggini) sulle parti del corpo esposte alla luce del sole lesioni oculari (conseguenti problemi di vista) neoplasie (tumore caratterizzato dall’ingrossamento abnormale di un tessuto)
  6. Passeggiate nelle belle giornate di sole, partite a pallone durante l’estate o bagno al mare nelle ore più calde? Ci sono bambini che devono dimenticarsi tutto questo e anche molto di più… Per loro, ogni ora passata esposti alla luce solare, anche quando non è particolarmente forte, significa aumentare il rischio di sviluppare tumori alla pelle potenzialmente mortali e gravi danni alla vista. A causare questa elevata sensibilità ai raggi ultravioletti è una malattia molto rara, lo xeroderma pigmentoso (XP), una condizione di origine genetica che si associa ad alterazioni cutanee e oculari e a carcinomi cutanei multipli. E’ una malattia molto rara, è difficile incontrare questi bambini di giorno, perché loro devono vivere di notte. Fino ad oggi sono stati quasi dei bambini invisibili. Ora, a portare le loro storie ‘alla luce del sole’, ci pensa il cinema, con un film, ‘The dark side of the sun’ di Carlo Shalom Hintermann. https://youtu.be/AiZt9HY6M-c