Salmonella infection via food

1. By-
Srinjay Paray & Nobendu Mukerjee
Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Department of
Microbiology, 4th Semester

2. Topic: -Salmonellosis

3. ABOUT THE DISEASE
• Salmonellosis is a symptomatic infection caused by a bacteria of the Salmonella
type.
• It is a infectious type of disease where the live bacteria enters and causes the
disease.
• This disease is characterized by diarrhoea, fever, abdominal cramps and vomiting.
• This disease can also result in dehydration.
• The old, young and others with weaken immunity are more likely to develop
severe diseases.

4. MORPHOLOGY OF THE ORGANISM
• Salmonella is a genus of rod shaped bacteria
• They are Gram- negative in nature, can ferment glucose but cannot ferment lactose
(lac-)
• Have catalase activities but oxidase negative.
• They include over 2,600 serotypes
• They are non-spore forming and predominantly motile enterobacteria
• The cells have diameters between 0.7- 1.5 um and have lengths from 2- 5um
• They contains a peritrichous flagella
• The are chemotrophs and obtain their energy from oxidation and reduction
reaction.
• They are also facultative anaerobes
• Generates Hydrogen Sulphide
• Cultured at Mac Conkey agar, yellowish appearance at Mac Conkey agar

5. CLASSIFICATION
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Proteobacteria
Class: Gammaproteobacteria
Order: Enterobacterales
Family: Enterobacteriaceae
Genus: Salmonella
Lignieres 1900

6. SYMPTOMS
• Pain Areas: in the abdomen or muscles
• Whole Body: chills, dehydration, fatigues, fever, or loss of appetite,
chills, myalgia
• Gastrointestinal: diarrhoea or blood in stool
• Also Common: headache

7. TRANSMISSION AND CAUSES
• Contaminated food, having no unusual look or smell
• Poor kitchen hygiene, especially problematic in institutional kitchens and
restaurants because this can lead to a significant outbreak
• Excretion from either sick or infected but apparently clinically healthy people and
animals
• Polluted surface water and standing water such as in shower hoses or unused
water dispensers.
• Unhygienically thawed poultry
• An association with reptiles is well described
• Amphibians such as frogs

8. DISEASE IN HUMANS
– Incubation period:
– Gastroenteritis: 12 hrs to 3 days
– Enteric fever: 10 to 14 days
– Asymptomatic to severe
– All serovars can produce all forms
– Reptile-associated is most severe

9. ROUTE OF INFECTION
• Enters in our body by infection
• Attaches the lumen of gut lining epithelial cells
• Then they enters into the sub-mucosal layer
• And after entering the sub-mucosal layer, they were engulved by macrophages,
inside the macrophages Salmolella strains masks themselves.
• Then they propagates with the help of arrays of macrophage colonies and
propagates via bloodstream
liver
Mixes with bowl
and posses further
infections

10. DIAGNOSIS
• Isolate organism from feces or blood
• Grows on wide
variety of media
• Enrichment
• Biochemical tests
• Antigens
• Phage typing
• PCR
• Antibiotics
• Septicemia
• Not recommended for enteric disease
• May affect intestinal flora and increase emergence of resistant strains
• Fluid replacement
• NSAIDs
• Endotoxemia

11. TREATMENTS
• Antibiotics
• Ampicillin, amoxicillin, gentamicin, TMS, fluoroquinolones,
chloramphenicol
• Treatment indications
• Septicemia, enteric fever
• Elderly, infants, immunosuppressed
• Healthy persons recover 2 to 7 days without antibiotics

12. REFERENCES
• “Salmonella". CDC. 9 March 2015. Archived from the original on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 7 May2017.
• Hald, T. (2013). Advances in microbial food safety: 2. Pathogen update: Salmonella. Elsevier Inc. Chapters.
p. 2.2. ISBN 9780128089606. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.
• "Salmonella Infections". MedlinePlus. Archived from the original on 30 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
• ^"Salmonella (non-typhoidal)". World Health Organization. December 2016. Archived from the original on 20 April 2017.
Retrieved 7 May 2017.
• GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death, Collaborators. (8 October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy,
all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global
Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-
1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
• "Salmonella". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 17 April 2017. Retrieved 7 May 2017.
• Santos, Renato L.; Shuping Zhang; Renee M. Tsolis; Robert A. Kingsley; L. Gary Adams; Andreas J. Baumler (2001).
"Animal models od Salmonella infections: enteritis versus typhoid fever". Microbes and Infection. 3 (14–15): 1335–
1344. doi:10.1016/s1286-4579(01)01495-2. PMID 11755423.
• "Nontyphoidal Salmonella Infections - Infectious Diseases - Merck Manuals Professional Edition". Merck Manuals
Professional Edition. Retrieved 2018-09-15.

13. THANK YOU ALL..